Kei te raru koe i ō pukahukahu? Me kōrero tātou mō te niumōnia.

Kei te pāngia hoki koe e te mamae o te uma, te maremare pinepine, me te kirika i ēnei rā? I ētahi wā ka whakaaro tātou he makariri noa iho ēnei, he kirika ngawari rānei, engari he mea kino ake pea. I tēnei rā, ka kōrero tātou mō tētahi mate e kiia nei ko te niumōnia e pā ana ki ō tātou pukahukahu. Kaua e manukanuka, ki te mōhio tika tātou ki tēnei, ka taea e tātou te tiaki i a tātou anō ki te nui o te mate, ā, ka tere te ora mēnā ka puta mai.

He aha te niumōnia? He māmā noa iho...

He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, he mate pukupuku te niumōnia. Ka taea tēnei mate te puta mai i ngā huakita , i ngā huaketo , i ngā harore rānei, he mea tino onge. Ka pupuhi, ka mumura rānei ngā kiko o tō pukahukahu i tēnei mate. I ētahi wā ka kī tonu ngā pukahukahu i te wai, i te pupuhi rānei.

Ko te niumōnia i puta mai i te huakita he nui ake te kino i te niumōnia i puta mai i te huaketo. He maha ngā wā ka memeha noa te niumōnia huaketo. Ka pā te niumōnia ki te kotahi anake o ngā pukahukahu, ka pā rānei ki ngā pukahukahu e rua. Mēnā ka pā ki ngā pukahukahu e rua, ka kiia he niumōnia rua, he niumōnia takirua rānei .

He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te niumōnia huaketo me te niumōnia kitakita?

Tērā pea kei te whakaaro koe he aha te rerekētanga i waenganui i ngā mea e rua. Inaa, ko ngā mate niumōnia katoa he mate pāwera me te pupuhi o ngā pukahukahu. Heoi, ka rerekē pea ngā tohu i runga i te momo iroriki (huakita, huaketo, harore rānei) i puta ai.

Ko te niumōnia kitakita te momo niumōnia tino noa, ā, ka tino kino rawa atu. Tērā pea me whakauru ki te hōhipera. Ka rongoatia e ngā tākuta mā te whakamahi i ngā paturopi .

He rite tonu ngā tohu o te niumōnia huaketo ki te makariri. Ka memeha haere, kāore he maimoatanga motuhake.

He aha ngā momo matua o te niumōnia?

Ka whakarōpūhia e mātou te niumōnia mā te mate i puta ai (arā, he huaketo, he huakita, he harore rānei) me te āhua i riro mai ai. Arā, ahakoa i riro mai i te hapori, i roto i te hōhipera, i te wā rānei e whakamahi ana i te mīhini manawa.

1. Te niumōnia i riro mai i te hapori (CAP)

Ki te pāngia koe e te niumōnia i roto i te hapori, pērā i te kāinga, i te mahi rānei, kaua i roto i te hōhipera, i te whare hauora rānei, ka kiia ko te niumōnia i whiwhihia e te hapori (CAP) . Ka puta pea tēnei i:

• Huakita: Ko te tino take ko te huakita e kiia nei ko Streptococcus pneumoniae . Ka taea hoki e tēnei te mate taringa, te mate sinus, me te meningitis.Ko te niumōnia i puta mai i te huakita Mycoplasma pneumoniae he iti ake te kino. Ka taea hoki te puta mai i ngā huakita pēnei i te Haemophilus influenzae , Chlamydia pneumoniae , me Legionella (ko te mate i puta mai i tēnei ko te mate Legionnaires).
• Ngā Huaketo: I ētahi wā ka pā te niumōnia ki ngā huaketo pēnei i te makariri noa, te rewharewha , te COVID-19, me te huaketo respiratory syncytial (RSV) .
• Harore/pokepokea: Kāore i te maha ngā harore pēnei i a Cryptococcus , Pneumocystis jirovecii , me Coccidioides e puta ai te niumōnia. Ko te hunga ngoikore te pūnaha ārai mate, he nui ake te tūponotanga ki te pāngia e te niumōnia nā te harore.
• Pūmua: He tino onge, ka taea hoki e ngā pūmua pēnei i te Toxoplasma te whakaputa i te niumōnia.

2. Te niumōnia i riro mai i te hōhipera (HAP)

Ki te pāngia koe e te niumōnia i a koe e noho ana i te hōhipera mō tētahi atu mate, mō tētahi atu pokanga rānei, ka kiia ko te niumōnia i whiwhihia e te hōhipera (HAP) . He nui ake te kino o te nuinga o te wā i te niumōnia i whiwhihia e te hapori. Nā te mea he maha ngā wā ka puta mai i ngā huakita e ātete ana ki ngā paturopi. Hei tauira , ko te Staphylococcus aureus ātete-methicillin (MRSA) . Ko te tikanga ka taea e te HAP te whakararu i a koe, ā, ka uaua ake te rongoā.

3. Te niumōnia e pā ana ki te hauora (HCAP)

Ka taea e tēnei momo niumōnia te puta i roto i ngā whare tiaki roa, pērā i ngā whare tiaki kaumātua, i roto rānei i ngā wāhi rongoā o waho e whiwhi ana ngā tūroro i te tiaki roa. Pērā i te niumōnia i riro mai i te hōhipera, he maha ngā wā ka puta mai i ngā huakita e ātete ana ki ngā paturopi.

4. Te niumōnia e pā ana ki te manawa (VAP)

Mena me whakamahi koe i tētahi mīhini manawa hei āwhina i a koe ki te manawa i roto i te hōhipera (i te nuinga o te wā i roto i te wāhanga tiaki nui (ICU), kei te tūpono koe ki te pāngia e tēnei momo niumōnia e kiia nei ko te VAP . Ka taea te hua mai i ngā huakita e hua ai te niumōnia i riro mai i te hapori, me ngā huakita ātete ki ngā paturopi e hua ai te niumōnia i riro mai i te hōhipera.

5. Te niumōnia manawa

Ki te uru tetahi mea pēnei i te kai, te wai, te huware, te ruaki rānei ki roto i tō puku manawa, ki roto hoki i ō pukahukahu, arā, ki te mau ki roto i tō korokoro (te mimiti) , ā, kāore e taea e koe te maremare ki waho, ka pāngia koe e te mate pukahukahu. Nā te meaHe aha te niumōnia manawa?

Me pēhea taku mōhio mēnā he niumōnia taku, he makariri noa, he rewharewha rānei?

He uaua ki te wehewehe i waenga i te makariri, te rewharewha, me te niumōnia. Ko te tākuta anake ka taea te kī atu ki a koe he aha te mate kei a koe. He mate morearea te niumōnia, nō reira he mea nui kia rapu awhina hauora mēnā kei a koe ētahi o ēnei tohu kino :

• Te kikī o te uma, te mamae rānei.
• Te uaua ki te manawa.
• He kirika 38.88 nekehanga Celsius (102 nekehanga Fahrenheit) neke atu rānei.
• He rerenga hūpē kōwhai, kakariki, toto rānei .

Kia maumahara, ki te pā mai tētahi o ēnei tohu ki a koe, me toro atu ki te tākuta tonu.

Ko wai te hunga tino mōrearea ki te pāngia e te niumōnia?

He nui ake tō tūponotanga ki te pāngia koe e te niumōnia mēnā :

• Mena kua neke atu i te 65 tau tō pakeke, kei raro iho rānei i te 2 tau te pakeke.
• Mena he mate pūkahukahu tōu (hei tauira, te cystic fibrosis , te huango , te mate pūkahukahu aukati mau tonu ( COPD), te emphysema , te pulmonary fibrosis , te sarcoidosis ) te mate manawa rānei.
• Mena he mate pūnaha io tōu e uaua ai te horomi (hei tauira, te mate wareware , te mate a Parkinson , te whiu ). He nui ake te mōrearea o ēnei tāngata ki te pāngia e te niumōnia manawa .
• Mena kei roto koe i te hōhipera, i te whare tiaki roa rānei.
• Mena he kaipaipa koe.
• Mena kei te hapu koe.
• Mena he ngoikore tō pūnaha ārai mate (hei tauira, mena kei te whiwhi koe i te rongoā chemotherapy , kua whakatōkia ōkana, kei a koe te HIV/AIDS , kei te tango rānei koe i ngā rongoā e pehi ana i te pūnaha ārai mate).

He pēhea te noa o te niumōnia?

Ka pāngia te tangata katoa e te niumōnia. He mate tino noa tēnei. I te Hononga o Amerika anake, e miriona ngā tāngata e pāngia ana e te niumōnia i ia tau. Ā, tata ki te 55,000 ngā tāngata e mate ana i te niumōnia i ia tau i te Hononga o Amerika. Ko te niumōnia te tino take o te mate i ngā whenua whakawhanake.

He aha ngā tohu o te niumōnia?

He rerekē ngā tohu o te niumōnia i runga i te pūtake. Ka rerekē pea ngā tohu mai i te ngawari ki te kino. Tērā pea ka rerekē ngā tohu o ngā pēpi, ngā tamariki nohinohi, me ngā kaumātua.

Ngā tohu o te niumōnia huakita

Ka puta mārire, ka puta ohorere rānei ngā tohu o te niumōnia huakita. Kei roto i ēnei:

• Te kirika nui (tae atu ki te 40.55 nekehanga Celsius, 105 nekehanga Fahrenheit rānei).
• Te maremare me te huware kōwhai, kakariki, toto rānei .
• Te ngenge.
• Te manawa tere.
• Te uaua ki te manawa.
• Te tere o te manawa o te ngakau.
• Te werawera, te mātao rānei.
• Te mamae o te uma, te puku rānei, inā koa i te wā e maremare ana, e manawa hōhonu ana rānei.
• Kāore he reka o te kai.
• Te tae kikorangi o te kiri, o ngā ngutu, o ngā maikuku rānei (Cyanosis) .
• Te pōhēhē, te panoni rānei o te āhua hinengaro.

Ngā tohu o te niumōnia huaketo

Ko ngā tohu o te niumōnia huaketo ka puta mārire i roto i ētahi rā. Tērā pea he rite ō tohu ki ērā o te niumōnia kitakita, tērā pea kei a koe anō hoki:

• Maremare maroke.
• Te mamae o te upoko .
• Mamae uaua.
• Te ngenge nui, te ngoikore rānei.

Ngā tohu o te niumōnia i roto i ngā tamariki nohinohi

Kāore pea ngā pēpi me ngā pēpi hou e whakaatu i ngā tohu o te niumōnia, he rerekē rānei ō rātou tohu i ō ngā pakeke. Kei roto i ēnei:

• Te kirika, te makariri, te mamae whānui, te werawera/te whero o te kiri.
• Maremare.
• Te uaua ki te manawa, te tere rānei o te manawa (Tachypnea) .
• Kāore he reka o te kai.
• Te ruaki.
• Te kore o te kaha.
• Te kore okiokinga, te tangi pinepine rānei.

Tērā pea ka kitea ēnei āhuatanga i roto i ngā pēpi me ngā tamariki nohinohi:

• He tangi whewhengū, he tangi whewhengū rānei i te wā e manawa ana.
• Te iti haere o te mimi , te iti rānei o ngā nāpi mākū.
• Kiri mā.
• Tinana kore ora.
• Te tangi nui atu i te tikanga.
• Te uaua ki te inu miraka.

Ngā tohu o te niumōnia i roto i te hunga neke atu i te 65 tau te pakeke

Ko te hunga neke atu i te 65 tau te pakeke, me te hunga ngoikore te pūnaha ārai mate, ka pāngia pea e ngā tohu o te niumōnia (pērā i te mare me te poto o te manawa). Tērā pea ka pāngia hoki rātou e ngā tohu kino o ngā mate hauora o nāianei. Tērā pea ka pāngia te hunga kaumātua e:

• He panonitanga ohorere o te āhua hinengaro.
• Kāore he reka o te kai.
• Ngenge.

He aha ngā pūtake o te niumōnia?

Ka puta te niumōnia ina whawhai tō pūnaha ārai mate ki tētahi mate kua uru ki roto i ngā pēke hau iti (alveoli) i roto i ō pukahukahu. Ka pupuhi ō pukahukahu, ka tīmata te turuturu o te wai.

He maha ngā momo huakita, huaketo, me ngā harore ka taea te whakaputa i te niumōnia. Ko ngā huakita te tino take o te niumōnia i roto i ngā pakeke, ā, ko ngā huaketo te tino take o te niumōnia i roto i ngā tamariki kura. Ko ētahi o ngā mate noa ka arahi ki te niumōnia ko:

• Te makariri noa (Rhinovirus) .
• Covid-19 (SARS-COV-2) .
• Rewharewha (Huaketo rewharewha) .
• Te huaketo metapneumo tangata (HMPV) .
• Te huaketo parainfluenza tangata (HPIV) .
• Te mate a ngā Rīkiona .
• Ngā huakita o te niumōnia mycoplasma .
• Mate pūkahukahu(Te mate pūkahukahu) .
• Te niumōnia pneumocystis .
• Te huaketo syncytial manawa (RSV) .

He mate hopuhopu te niumōnia?

Ehara te niumōnia i te mea hopuhopu. Heoi, he hopuhopu ngā huakita me ngā huaketo e hua ai . Hei tauira, he hopuhopu te rewharewha, ā, ka taea hoki e taua rewharewha te hua o te niumōnia. Heoi, ehara i te mea ka pāngia te katoa e te rewharewha e te niumōnia.

Ko te tino take o te niumōnia , ko te Streptococcus pneumoniae , ka taea te horapa mai i te tangata ki te tangata mā te pā atu ki ngā mata kua pangia, mā roto rānei i ngā pata e tukuna ana ina maremare, ina tihe rānei te tangata kua pangia.

Kāore te niumōnia harore e horapa mai i te tangata ki te tangata. Kāore i rite ki ngā mate harore, ngā huaketo me ngā huakita, kāore e horapa mai i te tangata ki te tangata.

Me pēhea te tautuhi i te niumōnia?

Hei tātaritanga i te niumōnia, ka pātai te tākuta mō tō hītori hauora, ā, ka tirotirohia hoki e ia ō pukahukahu. Ka whakarongo ia ki ō pukahukahu me te whakamahi i te stethoscope . Hei tāpiri, ka taea te mahi, te tono rānei i ētahi atu whakamātautau. Kei roto pea i ēnei ko ngā whakamātautau whakaahua pēnei i te hihi-X o te uma , te tirotiro i ō taumata hāora me te pulse oximetry (he ine i te taumata hāora toto) , ngā whakamātautau toto, ngā whakamātautau huware rānei.

I ētahi wā, ahakoa te whakaū a tō tākuta kei te pāngia koe e te niumōnia, kāore pea e taea e ia te kimi i te tino take.

He aha ngā whakamātautau e whakamahia ana hei tautuhi i te mate pukupuku?

Tērā pea ka whakahaerehia e tō tākuta he whakamātautau hei tirotiro i ō pukahukahu mō ngā tohu o te mate, hei ine i te pai o te mahi a ō pukahukahu, hei tirotiro hoki i te toto, i ētahi atu wai tinana rānei hei kimi i te pūtake o tō niumōnia, pēnei i:

• Whakaahua: Ka taea te whakamahi i te hihi-X o te uma , i te karapa CT rānei hei tango pikitia o ō pukahukahu, hei rapu hoki i ngā tohu o te mate.
• Ngā whakamātautau toto: Ka taea e ngā whakamātautau toto te āwhina ki te whakatau he aha te momo mate e puta ai tō niumōnia.
• Whakamātautau huware: Ka tonoa koe kia maremare, ka tāpirihia he huware ki roto i tētahi ipu. Ka tukuna ki tētahi taiwhanga hei whakamātautau mō ngā tohu o te mate, hei whakatau hoki he aha te take o te mate.
• Te oximetry pāorooro: Ka ine tēnei whakamātautau i te nui o te hāora i roto i tō toto, ā, ka taea e ia te whakaatu ki tō tākuta te pai o te mahi a ōu pukahukahu.
• Te ahurea wai pleural: Ka whakamahia e tō tākuta he ngira angiangi hei tango i tētahi tauira iti o te wai e karapoti ana i ō pukahukahu. Ka tukuna te tauira ki tētahi taiwhanga hei āwhina i te kimi i te pūtake o te mate.
• Whakamātautau hau toto uaua: Hei kimi i te pai o te mahi a ō pukahukahu, ka tangohia he tauira toto mai i tō ringaringa, i tō ringaringa, i tō hope rānei, ā, ka inehia te taumata hāora i roto i ō toto.
• Pūkahukahu: I ētahi wā, ka whakamahia pea e tō tākuta he ngongo angiangi, he mārama e kiia nei ko te pūkahukahu hei tirotiro i roto i ō pukahukahu. Tērā pea ka tangohia e ia he tauira kiko, he tauira wai rānei hei whakamātautau i roto i te taiwhanga.

Me pēhea te rongoā mō te niumōnia?

Ko te maimoatanga mō te niumōnia e whakawhirinaki ana ki te pūtake (huakita, huaketo, harore rānei) me te kaha o tō mate. Nā te mea kāore i te mōhiotia te pūtake, ka arotahi te maimoatanga ki te whakahaere i ngā tohu me te pupuri i tō mate kia kore e kino haere.

Ko ētahi kōwhiringa maimoatanga ko:

• Paturopi: Ka rongoātia te niumōnia kitakita ki ngā paturopi. Kāore e rongoātia he huaketo, engari ka tohua pea e tō tākuta mēnā he mate kitakita tōu me te huaketo.
• Ngā rongoā ārai harore: Ka taea te rongoā i te niumōnia i puta mai i te mate harore ki ngā rongoā ārai harore.
• Ngā rongoā ārai huaketo: Kāore te niumōnia huaketo e rongoātia ana ki te rongoā, ā, ka memeha noa iho pea. Hei whakaiti i te roa me te kaha o tō mate nā te huaketo, ka tohua pea e tō tākuta ngā rongoā ārai huaketo pērā i a Oseltamivir (Tamiflu®) , Zanamivir (Relenza®) , Peramivir (Rapivab® rānei) .
• Whakaora hāora: Ki te kore e nui te hāora e whiwhi ana koe, ka hoatu pea e tō tākuta he hāora tāpiri mā te ngongo kua whakanohoia ki roto i tō ihu, mā te kopare rānei e mau ana ki tō mata.
• Wai ā-uaua (wai ā-IV): Ka whakamahia ngā wai e hoatu tika ana ki roto i te uaua (IV) hei ārai i te matewai, hei rongoā rānei mēnā ka puta te matewai.
• Te tango wai: Mena he nui te wai kua kohia i waenganui i ō pukahukahu me te pakitara o te uma ( te wai e puta mai ana i te pleural ), tera pea ka taea e tō tākuta te tango. Ka taea tēnei mā te whakamahi i te catheter, i te pokanga rānei.

Ka memeha noa iho te niumōnia?

He maha ngā wā ka memeha noa te niumōnia huaketo. Heoi anō, me whai tonu koe i ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta hei rongoā i ō tohumate me te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o ngā raruraru nui.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i ngā tohu o te niumōnia?

Mā ngā rongoā ka taea te hoko kore utu me ngā mea ka taea e koe te mahi i te kāinga ka āwhina i a koe kia pai ake te ahua me te whakahaere i ngā tohu o te niumōnia:

• Ngā rongoā whakamamae mamae me ngā rongoā whakaiti kirika: Ka tohua pea e tō tākuta he rongoā pēnei i te ibuprofen (Advil®) me te acetaminophen (Tylenol®) mō ngā mamae tinana me te kirika.
• Ngā rongoā ārai mare:Pātai atu ki tō tākuta i mua i te tango i ngā rongoā ārai mare mō te niumōnia. He mea nui te mare hei horoi i ō pukahukahu.
• Ngā maimoatanga me ngā mahi manawa: Ka tohua pea e tō tākuta ēnei maimoatanga hei whakawātea i te hūpē me te āwhina i a koe ki te manawa.
• Te whakamahi i te whakamakuku: Ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta kia waiho he whakamakuku iti i te taha o tō moenga, kia kaukau rānei i te wai māhana. Mā tēnei ka māmā ake te manawa.
• Inuhia he nui te wai.

Kia pēhea te roa ka pai ake ai taku āhua i muri i te maimoatanga mō te niumōnia?

Ko te tere o tō pai ake ka whakawhirinaki ki ēnei mea:

• tō tau.
• Te take o tō niumōnia.
• Te kaha o tō niumōnia.
• Ahakoa he mate hauora kē atu āu, he raruraru rānei.

Mena he tangata hauora koe, kāore he mate kē atu, ko te nuinga o ngā tohu o te niumōnia kitakita ka tīmata te whakapai ake i roto i ngā haora 24 ki te 48 i muri i te tīmatanga o te maimoatanga. Mō te niumōnia huaketo, ka tīmata pea koe te pai ake i roto i ngā rā torutoru i muri i te tīmatanga o te maimoatanga. Ko ētahi tohu, pērā i te mare me te ngenge, ka roa pea mō ētahi wiki.

Kia pēhea te roa ka pangia ahau e te mate urutā mēnā he niumōnia tōku?

Mena he niumōnia kitakita tōu, kāore koe e kiia he mate hopuhopu i muri i te hekenga o tō kirika, ā, kua rua ngā rā e kai ana koe i ngā paturopi. Mena he niumōnia huaketo tōu, ka kiia tonu koe he mate hopuhopu tae noa ki te wā e pai ake ai tō āhua, ā, kua kore he kirika mō ētahi rā.

He aha taku e tumanako atu ai mēnā he niumōnia tōku?

Mena he tangata hauora koe, kāore he mate kē atu, ka taea e koe te ora wawe i te niumōnia mena ka tere te whiwhi maimoatanga. Heoi, ki te kore e rongoatia, ina koa he mate hauora kē atu kei a koe, ka taea e te niumōnia te whakararu i te ora.

Ahakoa te hunga kua rongoatia pai, ā, kua tino ora, ka pāngia pea koe e ngā raruraru hauora mō te wā roa. I muri i te ora mai i te niumōnia, ka pāngia pea koe e ēnei āhuatanga:

• Te ngoikore o te kaha ki te whakakorikori tinana.
• Te kino haere o te mate pūnaha toto.
• He hekenga whānui o te kounga o te oranga.

He nui ake te mōrearea o ngā tamariki kua ora mai i te niumōnia ki te pāngia e te mate pūkahukahu mau tonu.

Ki te mea kei te pā tonu ō raruraru hauora i muri i te oranga mai i te niumōnia, me toro atu ki tō tākuta.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te niumōnia?

Ka taea e te niumōnia te whakararuraru i ngā raruraru kino rawa atu e hiahiatia ana kia haria ki te hōhipera, tae atu ki:

• Ngā uauatanga manawa: Ka taea e te niumōnia te whakararu i te manawa , te mate manawa pōuri rānei (ARDS) .
• Te kohi wai i te taha o ngā pukahukahu (te rerenga wai i roto i te pleura).
• Te mate huakita o te toto (Bacteremia) , te sepsis rānei:Ka taea e ngā huakita e hua ai te niumōnia te tomo ki roto i tō toto, ka horapa te mate ki ētahi atu okana, ka puta ai te sepsis (pēnei i te paihana toto) te ngoikore rānei o ngā okana.
• Te whewhe pūkahukahu: Ka taea e te niumōnia te whakaputa i ngā kōhao kī tonu i te pūkahukahu (ngā whewhe) i roto i ō pūkahukahu.

Āhea koe me kawe ki te hōhipera mō te niumōnia?

Mena he nui te mate pūkahukahu, he maha rānei ngā raruraru, me noho pea koe ki te hōhipera mō te maimoatanga. He nui ake te tūponotanga ka noho koe ki te hōhipera mō te pūkahukahu mena :

• Kāore he aha mēnā kei raro iho koe i te rua tau te pakeke, neke atu rānei i te 65 tau te pakeke.
• Mena he ngoikore tō pūnaha ārai mate.
• Mena he mate hauora tōu e pā ana ki tō ngākau me ō pukahukahu.

Mena i whakaurua koe ki te hōhipera mō te niumōnia, tera pea e ono ki te waru wiki ka hoki anō koe ki te āhua noa.

Me pēhea te ārai i te niumōnia?

Ko te huarahi pai hei ārai i te niumōnia ko te werohanga i ngā huakita me ngā huaketo e hua ai te niumōnia. Tērā anō hoki ngā tikanga hauora o ia rā ka taea e koe te whai hei whakaiti i tō tupono ki te pāngia e te niumōnia.

Ngā kano ārai mate niumōnia

E rua ngā momo kano ārai mate e ārai ana i te niumōnia i puta mai i ngā huakita pneumococcal. Pērā i te kano ārai mate rewharewha, kāore ēnei kano ārai mate e tiaki i ngā momo niumōnia katoa. Engari ki te pāngia koe e te mate, he iti ake te tūponotanga ka kino rawa atu.

• Ngā kano ārai mate pūkahukahu: Ka ārai a Pneumovax23® me Prevnar13® i ngā huakita pūkahukahu. E taunakihia ana ēnei mō ētahi rōpū tau, mō te hunga rānei e tino mōrearea ana ki te pūkahukahu. Pātai atu ki tō tākuta ko tēhea kano ārai mate e tika ana māu, mā ō whanaunga rānei.
• Ngā kano ārai mate mō ngā huaketo: I te mea ka taea e ētahi huaketo te whakaputa i te niumōnia, mā te werohanga i te COVID-19 me te rewharewha ka taea te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te pāngia e te niumōnia.
• Ngā werohanga mō ngā tamariki: Mena he tamariki āu, pātai atu ki tā rātou tākuta he aha atu ngā werohanga e tika ana kia tangohia e rātou. He maha ngā werohanga mō ngā tamariki ka āwhina i te ārai i ngā mate i puta mai i ngā huakita me ngā huaketo ka puta ai te niumōnia.

Ētahi atu huarahi hei whakaiti i te mōrearea o te niumōnia

Haunga te werohanga, ka taea e koe te whakaiti i tō tupono ki te whakawhanake me te horapa o te niumōnia mā te whai i ēnei tikanga hauora:

• Kati te momi hikareti, me te karo i te momi hikareti tuarua. Ka kino te momi hikareti i ō pukahukahu, ā, ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te pangia e ngā mate.
• Horoia ō ringaringa ki te hopi me te wai i mua i te kai, i mua i te pā atu ki te kai, me muri hoki i te whakamahinga o te wharepaku. Mena kāore he hopi e wātea ana, whakamahia he wai horoi ringa kei roto he waipiro.
• Mena kei a koe, kei tētahi atu rānei tētahi mate hopuhopu pēnei i te kirika, te makariri, te COVID-19 rānei, karohia te whakapā atu ki a rātou, me te karo hoki i te whakawhitiwhiti taonga.
• Mena me noho koe ki te hōhipera, ki tētahi atu whare hauora rānei, kaua e wehi ki te pātai ki ō tākuta me pēhea te whakaiti i tō tupono ki te pangia e te mate i a koe e noho ana.
• Kai i tētahi kai hauora, whakakori tinana, ā, kia nui te okiokinga.
• Me rapu rongoā mō ētahi atu mate pāwera, āhuatanga hauora rānei kei a koe. Ka taea e ēnei āhuatanga te whakaiti i tō pūnaha ārai mate, me te whakanui ake i te tūponotanga o te pāngia e te niumōnia.
• Āta karohia te inu nui rawa o te waipiro.

Me aha ahau kia pai ake ai te ahua mēnā he niumōnia tōku?

Anei ētahi mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei whakapai ake i tō hauora ina pāngia koe e te niumōnia:

• Whakahaerehia ō tohumate kia rite ki ngā taunakitanga a tō tākuta.
• Whakaotia ngā rongoā me ngā maimoatanga katoa e tohua ana e tō tākuta. Kaua e mutu te tango i ngā paturopi nā te mea kua pai ake koe. Me tango tonu i aua mea kia pau ra ano ngā rongoā katoa. Ki te kore e pau katoa ngā paturopi, tera pea ka hoki mai anō tō niumōnia.
• Mena kua tohua e tō tākuta ngā rongoā whakaheke kirika ka taea te hoko kore utu (aspirin, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, naproxen), kainga kia rite ki ngā tohutohu kei runga i te tapanga. Kaua rawa e hoatu te aspirin ki ngā tamariki.
• Okioki pai.

Ko te mea nui, ki te pā mai he mamae i tētahi wā, waea atu ki tō tākuta tonu.

He aha ngā tohu e whakaatu ana kei te pai haere te niumōnia?

I a koe e tīmata ana ki te ora ake i te niumōnia, ko tō kirika te mea tuatahi ka hoki ki te āhua noa. Whai muri i tēnā, ka kite pea koe ka heke te nui o te hūpē e maremare ana koe. Ko te whakaaro kei te taea e koe te mahi i ētahi o ō mahi o ia rā he tohu pai hoki kei te ora ake koe.

Mena kei te pāngia ahau e te niumōnia, āhea ahau ka taea ai te hoki ki te mahi, ki te kura, ki ngā mahi noa rānei?

Mena kua ngaro ō tohumate, he ngawari, he pai ake rānei, ā, kāore he tohumate hou, he tohumate kino rānei, ka taea e koe te hoki ki ō mahi o ia rā:

• Te poto o te manawa, te ngenge rānei (te korenga o te kaha).
• Mamae o te uma.
• Te huware, te kirika, te maremare rānei.

Mena kei te hauora koe i te nuinga o te wā, ka pai te ahua o te nuinga o te tangata ka taea e rātou te hoki ki ā rātou mahi o mua i roto i te wiki. Heoi, ka roa pea te wā ki te kotahi marama ka tino ora ai.

Āhea ahau me toro atu ki te tākuta?

Kōrero ki tō tākuta , ina koa mēnā kei te pāngia koe e te mate, kei a koe tētahi āhuatanga hauora taketake, kei a koe rānei tētahi o ēnei tohu hou, tohu kino rānei:

• Te uaua ki te manawa.
• Te kirika, te maremare rānei me te huware.
• Te ngenge.
• Te huringa o te hiahia kai (mēnā kei te iti ake tō hiahia ki te kai).

Āhea ahau me haere ki te Rūma Ohotata?

Haere ki te rūma whawhati tata, waea atu rānei ki te 911 mēnā kei a koe tētahi o ēnei:

• Ki te uaua koe ki te manawa, ki te pōturi rānei tō manawa ahakoa kei te tū noa koe, kāore he aha.
• Mena he mamae hou tō uma, he mamae kino rānei.
• Kāore he aha mēnā kei te pōhēhē koe, kāore rānei e taea e koe te whakaaro mārama.

Ka taea e koe te pāngia e te niumōnia me te kore he kirika?

Ae, ahakoa he tohu noa te kirika o te niumōnia, ka puta te niumōnia me te kirika iti, me te kore rānei. He nui ake te tūponotanga o tēnei, mō ētahi take :

• Mena kei runga ake koe i te 65 tau te pakeke, kei raro iho rānei i te 2 tau te pakeke (ina koa ko ngā pēpi hou me ngā pēpi).
• Mena he ngoikore tō pūnaha ārai mate.

He rerekē te maimoatanga o te niumōnia i roto i ngā tamariki?

Kāore i te rerekē te maimoatanga mō te niumōnia i roto i ngā tamariki. Heoi, he nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā tamariki nohinohi ki te pāngia e te niumōnia kino, ā, he nui ake te tūponotanga kia noho ki te hōhipera mō te maimoatanga i ngā pakeke.

He maha ngā take me ngā tohu rerekē, ā, he āhua pōhēhē te āhua o te niumōnia. He mea noa te āwangawanga ina whakaaro koe mēnā he tohu kino ō tohu. Ko te kirika nui, te huware toto , te tae rerekē rānei, te mamae o te uma, me te uaua ki te manawa, he tohu katoa ēnei kāore e tika kia warewarehia. Kaua e mangere ki te rapu tohutohu hauora mēnā kei te kī mai tō tinana kei te hē tetahi mea.

Kia maumahara tātou ki ngā mea tino nui (Karere hei kawe ki te kāinga)

Āe, me whakamahara anō tātou ki ngā kōrero tino nui kua kōrerohia e tātou mō te niumōnia:

• He mate pukupuku te niumōnia. Ka taea e ngā huakita, ngā huaketo, ngā harore rānei te take.
• Ki te pā mai ngā tohu pēnei i te mare, te kirika, te uaua ki te manawa, te mamae rānei o te uma, kaua e whakaaro he makariri noa iho, engari me toro atu ki te tākuta.
• Me nui ake te āwangawanga mō te niumōnia, inā koa ko ngā tamariki nohinohi, ngā kaumātua, te hunga he ngoikore te pūnaha ārai mate, me te hunga he mate pūkahukahu/ngākau tō rātou.
• Mā te whiwhi kano ārai mate, pērā i te kano ārai mate pneumococcal me te kano ārai mate rewharewha, ka taea te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te pāngia e te niumōnia.
• Mā te karo i te momi hikareti, te horoi pai i ō ringaringa, me te noho i tētahi momo oranga hauora ka āwhina i te tiaki i te niumōnia.
• Tangohia te rongoā i tohua e tō tākuta kia tika, i te wā tika. Mena he paturopi, whakaotia te rongoā katoa, ahakoa kua pai ake tō āhua.

Kia maumahara, ko koe te mea tino mōhio ki tō hauora. Ki te kite koe i tētahi mea rerekē, rapua tonutia he tohutohu hauora. Kaua e manukanuka, he maha ngā wā ka taea te whakaora i te niumōnia mā te maimoatanga tere!

` Nūmia, mate pūkahukahu, maremare, kirika, uaua ki te manawa, ngā tohu o te niumōnia, te rongoā mō te niumōnia