Ina whakaaro tātou ki te pokanga ngākau, ko te nuinga o tātou e whakaaro ana ki tētahi pokanga e hiahiatia ana he tapahi nui i waenganui o te uma. He tino whakamataku te whakaaro, kāore? Engari i mōhio koe he maha ngā tikanga hou, rerekē e mahia ana me ngā tapahi iti ake? Ko tētahi o ngā hangarau hou, matatau ko te pokanga ngākau karetao. Ina rongo koe i tēnei, tera pea ētahi e whakaaro ana he karetao anake e mahi ana i te pokanga. Ehara i te mea koinā te āhua. Kia kite tātou he aha tēnei.
He aha te pokanga ngakau karetao?
He kupu ngāwari noa iho tēnei, he momo pokanga ngākau iti rawa te whakaekenga . Arā, he pokanga e mahia ana mā roto i ētahi tapahi iti noa iho, kaua ki tētahi tapahi nui i te uma pērā i te pokanga ngākau tuwhera noa. I konei, ka whakahaerehia e te taote pokanga ngā ringa karetao tino ngāwari e hono ana ki tētahi karetao hei mahi i te pokanga.
Whakaarohia, he pūnaha ringa karetao kei reira ka taea te mahi mārire ake, ā, i roto i te wāhi iti ake i ngā ringa e rua o te tākuta. Mā te tākuta e whakahaere tēnei ringa karetao hei mahi i te pokanga. Nā tēnei hangarau, ahakoa ngā pokanga ngākau tino uaua, ka taea te mahi ināianei me te ngāwari ake, me te haumaru ake.
He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia te hangarau karetao mō ngā pokanga pēnei i ēnei:
- Te whakatikatika i te takirere mitral.
- Katia ētahi momo kōhao i roto i te ngākau.
- Tangohia ngā pukupuku ehara i te matepukupuku e puta mai ana i roto i te ngākau.
Ko ngā āhuatanga motuhake o tēnei pūnaha karetao ko:
- Tirohanga-toru-ahu (3D): Ka taea e te tākuta te kite mārama i te wāhi e pokaina ana, kua whakanuia, ā, kua toru-ahu. He rite ki te titiro ki roto.
- Te Tika: Ka taea e ngā ringa karetao te mahi i ngā nekehanga rite tonu ki te ringa tangata, te ringaringa, me ngā maihao, engari ka taea hoki te neke me te tino tika me te tika.
- Mana whakahaere tika: Ka whai te ringa karetao i ngā nekehanga o te ringa o te tākuta kia rite tonu ki tōna āhua, me te kore wiri, me te tino tika.
Me pēhea te mahi o tēnei pokanga?
Ehara tēnei i te āhuatanga uaua pērā i tō whakaaro. I roto i te rūma pokanga kei reira koe, he torutoru mita te tawhiti atu i a koe, kei mua i tētahi papatohu nui te tākuta e noho ana. He rite ki tētahi kēmu ataata. Ka kite te tākuta mai i taua papatohu i te āhuatanga kotahi me te kāmera e whakaurua ana ki roto i tō tinana.
Ahakoa kei runga ake, kei te taha tonu hoki o tō tinana ngā ringa o te karetao, kāore te tākuta i te taha tonu i a koe. Māna e whakahaere ngā ringa karetao mai i taua papatohu. Kei te taha tonu i a koe te toenga o te tīma pokanga (pērā i ngā nēhi me ngā tohunga whakamoe).
Ko te mea nui kia whai mana katoa te taote pokanga puta noa i te pokanga.Kāore e taea e ngā ringa karetao te mahi i tetahi mea ko rātou anake. Ko ngā nekehanga katoa a te tākuta ka mahia e ngā ringa karetao.
Anei tētahi whakamārama taahiraa-i-te-taahiraa mō ngā mea e tupu ana i te wā o te pokanga:
1. Tuatahi, ka tapahia e te tākuta ētahi tapahi iti e whā i waenganui i ō rara. Ka kiia ēnei he pūwāhi. Ko te tapahi nui rawa atu o ēnei ka whakamahia hei "pūwāhi mahi".
2. Muri iho, ka whakauruhia ngā taputapu pokanga me te kāmera e piri ana ki ngā ringa karetao mā roto i ēnei tapahi iti.
3. Inaianei kei te noho te tākuta i te papatohu, e whakahaere ana i ngā taputapu ki ōna ringa. He pātara waewae āna e whakamahia ana hei whakanui me te whakaiti i te kāmera.
4. Kia oti rawa te pokanga, ka tangohia ngā taputapu katoa, ā, ka katia ngā tapahi iti.
He aha ngā mate ngakau e rongoātia ana e te pokanga karetao?
E whakamahia ana tēnei hangarau matatau hei rongoā i ngā mate me ngā āhuatanga o te ngākau. Kia tirohia tata atu tātou.
| Momo Pokanga | Whakamārama Māmā |
|---|---|
| Te whakatikatika i te takirere mitral | Te whakatika i te takirere mitral e turuturu ana, e āraihia ana rānei, he takirere nui i roto i te ngākau. |
| Te whakakapinga o te takirere mitral | Te tango i te takirere mitral kua pakaru rawa, kāore e taea te whakatika, me te whakauru i tētahi takirere horihori. |
| Te whakatikatika i te kōhao ngākau (te whakatikatika ASD/PFO) | Te katinga o tētahi kōhao whānau i waenganui i ngā rūma o te ngākau (Atrial Septal Defect/Patent Foramen Ovale). |
| Te tango i ngā pukupuku o te ngākau | Te tango i ngā pukupuku ehara i te matepukupuku (hei tauira, te myxoma) i roto i te ngākau. |
| Te Tāraitanga Ārai o te Arorangi Koronari (CABG) | Ka mahia te tāmitanga arai uaua koronari hei karo i ngā aukati i roto i ngā uaua e tuku toto ana ki te ngākau. Ka mahia tēnei mō ētahi tūroro kua tohua. |
Ka taea hoki e au te mahi i tēnei pokanga karetao?
He pātai tēnei nā te tini o te tangata. Engari ehara te pokanga karetao i te mea mā te katoa. Mā tō tākuta e whakatau mēnā he pai koe mō tēnei. Me whai koe i ngā whakamātautau maha.
Ko ngā whakamātautau e mahia ana i te nuinga o te wā ko:
- Te whakaurunga o te catheter o te ngākau: He whakamātautau hei tirotiro mō ngā aukati me te pēhanga i roto i ngā uaua o te ngākau.
- X-ray o te uma: Tirohia te āhua whānui o te ngākau me ngā pukahukahu.
- Echocardiogram: He matawai e titiro ana ki te mahi a te ngākau, te āhua o ngā takirere, me te hanganga.
- Matawai CT (Tomography Rorohiko - Matawai CT): Ka tiki i ngā whakaahua taipitopito e toru-ahu o te ngākau me ngā oko toto e karapoti ana.
Mā tō tākuta e whakatau te maimoatanga tino tika māu i runga i ngā hua o ēnei whakamātautau, me ētahi atu āhuatanga maha atu anō hoki, pērā i te momo me te kaha o tō mate manawa, ō āhuatanga hauora kē atu, me tō hauora whānui.
Me pēhea taku whakarite i mua i te pokanga?
Mena ka whakatau koe ki te mahi pokanga karetao, he maha ngā mea me whakarite e koe i mua.
- Hei taraiwa i a koe ki te kāinga: Whakaritea i mua kia taraiwa koe i a koe ki te kāinga i te rā ka tukuna koe i te hōhipera.
- Kōrero mō ngā rongoā: Kōrerohia ki tō tākuta ngā rongoā katoa e tangohia ana e koe i tēnei wā. Tērā pea ka tonoa koe kia mutu te tango i ētahi rongoā i mua i te pokanga. Kaua e mutu te tango i tētahi rongoā me te kore he tohutohu a tō tākuta.
- Kati te momi hikareti: Kati rawa te momi hikareti i ētahi wiki i mua i te pokanga. Kia mutu tō momi hikareti, ka pai ake te rere o te hāora i roto i tō tinana, ā, ka tere ake te ora o ō motu.
- Nohopuku: Me tino karo koe i te kai me te inu i muri i waenganui pō o te pō i mua i te pokanga, kia tae rā anō ki te wā e kīia ai e tō tākuta.
He aha ngā painga me ngā ngoikoretanga o te pokanga karetao?
Pērā i ngā tikanga hauora katoa, he pai, he ngoikoretanga hoki ō te pokanga ngākau karetao. Me titiro tata atu tātou ki ngā mea e rua.
| Ngā painga o te pokanga ngakau karetao | |
|---|---|
| Ngā motu iti, ngā whara iti iho | Nā te mea kāore ngā ū e tino nui, he iti noa iho ngā koha e toe ana i muri i te whakaoranga. |
| He iti ake te mamae | Nā te iti o ngā tapahi, he iti noa iho te mamae i muri i te pokanga. |
| He poto ake te noho hōhipera | I te nuinga o te wā ka taea e koe te hoki ki te kāinga i roto i ngā rā e toru, e whā rānei. |
| He iti ake te toto | Nā te iti o te toto i ngaro i te wā o te pokanga, he iti ake ngā take o te whakawhiti toto ki waho. |
| He iti te mōrearea o te mate | Nā te mea he iti ngā patunga, ka whakaitihia hoki te mōrearea o te pangia. |
| Kia ora wawe koe | Ka taea e koe te hoki ki ngā mahi o ia rā, me te mahi wawe tonu. |
| Ngā Huakore me ngā Whakaaroaro | |
|---|---|
| He roa rawa te pokanga | I ētahi wā ka roa ake te mahi pokanga karetao i te pokanga tuwhera noa. |
| Te āheinga ki te huri ki te pokanga tuwhera | He tino onge (iti iho i te 5% o ngā take), mēnā ka puta he mamae, me huri pea te tākuta ki te pokanga tuwhera hei haumaru mō te tūroro. |
He aha ngā mea ka tupu i muri i te pokanga? Kia pēhea te roa o te wā e ora ai?
I muri i te pokanga, ka haria koe ki te wāhanga tiaki nui (ICU) . I reira, ka aro turukihia tō āhua. I runga i te momo pokanga i mahia ki a koe, me noho pea koe ki te hōhipera mō ētahi rā. I mua i tō hokinga ki te kāinga, ka whiwhi pea koe i tētahi atu echocardiogram (transthoracic echocardiogram - TTE) hei tirotiro i te mahi a tō ngākau.
E rua wiki, neke atu rānei, te roa o te wā hei whakaora katoa i a koe. Ka taea e te nuinga o te tangata te hoki ki ā rātou mahi o ia rā, pērā i te taraiwa me te haere ki te mahi, i roto i ngā wiki e rua ki te whā . Heoi, ka rerekē pea tēnei i runga i te uauatanga o te pokanga i mahia ki a koe.
Ko te mea nui ko te pupuri i te hauora o tō ngākau i muri i te pokanga. Hei whakatutuki i tēnei, me whai tika koe i ngā tohutohu a te tākuta.
Mō tēnā, me tino mahi koe i ēnei mea:
- Kati rawa te kai hikareti me ngā hua tupeka.
- Whakahaerehia ngā taumata cholesterol tiketike.
- Whakahaere pai i te toto toto tiketike me te mate huka.
- Whakakorikori tinana i ia wā, i ia wā.
- Kia mau ki te taumaha hauora e tika ana mōu.
- Kai i ngā kai hauora mō te ngākau.
- Whai wāhi atu ki tētahi kaupapa whakaora ngākau e ai ki ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta.
- Haere ki te tākuta i ngā rā kua whakaritea, kia tirohia koe.
Āhea ahau me kite i te tākuta?
Ki te puta mai tētahi o ēnei tohu i muri i te hokinga ki te kāinga, me whakamōhio tonu atu koe ki tō tākuta .
- Mamae o te uma
- Te uaua ki te manawa
- He hurihanga
- Te toto mai i ngā motu
- Te whero, te pupuhi rānei i te taha o ngā wahi i tapahia
- Kirika
- Te ruaki, te whakapairuaki rānei
Ki te pā mai ētahi o ēnei tohu ki a koe, me whakamōhio wawe atu ki tō tākuta. Tērā pea me tirotirohia wawetia koe.
Hei whakamutunga, ko te mea nui hei kī, he nui ngā wheako me ngā pūkenga e hiahiatia ana mō tēnei pokanga. Nō reira, he mea tino nui te whiriwhiri i tētahi hōhipera me tētahi taote pokanga e mahi tonu ana i tēnei momo pokanga, ā, he pai hoki ōna wheako.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Ko te pokanga ngākau karetao he tikanga pokanga hou, matatau hoki e mahia ana mā roto i ngā tapahi iti, engari kāore e hanga he tapahi nui ki te uma.
- He maha ngā painga o tēnei, pērā i te whakaiti i te mamae, te tere ake o te ora, me te whakaiti i te wā e noho ana i te hōhipera.
- Ka whakahaerehia te karetao e te taote pokanga mohio, mātau hoki i te roanga o te pokanga. Kāore e taea e te karetao te mahi ko ia anake.
- Kāore tēnei pokanga e pai mō te katoa. Mā tō tākuta e whakatau mēnā he pai mōu i muri i ngā whakamātautau hauora.
- Ahakoa i muri i te pokanga, he mea tino nui kia huri te āhua noho me te whai i ngā tohutohu hauora hei pupuri i te hauora o te ngākau.
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