Tērā pea kua pā tēnei ki a koe i ngā wā katoa i haere koe ki te tākuta. Ka tangohia e te tākuta te taputapu iti mai i tana tēpu ka whakatakotoria ki tōna kaki. Kātahi ka whakatakotoria e ia te wāhanga porowhita, makariri o taua taputapu ki tō uma, me te mea, "Hopukia he manawa hōhonu... manawa mārire atu..." Ka whakarongo pū te tākuta i a koe e mahi ana i tēnā. I ētahi wā ka pōkaikaha ia, ka neke atu ki te whakamātautau e whai ake nei. I ētahi wā anō, ka whakaaro ia mō tētahi wā poto, ā, ka whakatau me tirotiro e ia tētahi atu mea. Kāore ianei tēnei i te mea tino mōhiotia?
Nā, he aha te mahi a te stethoscope?
He mea nui te stethoscope hei āwhina i ngā tākuta, ngā nēhi, me ngā kaimahi o te rūma whawhati tata ki te whakarongo ki ngā oro e puta mai ana i roto i tō tinana. Ka taea e ēnei oro te whakaatu i ngā kōrero nui mō ngā āhuatanga maha o tō hauora, tae atu ki te mahi a tō ngākau me ō pukahukahu, me te rere tika o te toto i roto i ō uaua.
I roto i te rongoā, ko te whakarongo ki ēnei oro o roto o te tinana e kiia ana ko te "auscultation". Ka whakamahia e te tākuta he stethoscope hei whakarongo ki:
- Ki tō ngākau: Whakarongo ki te pā o tō manawa me tōna āhua manawataki.
- Mō ō pukahukahu: Whakarongo ki ngā oro e puta ana i a koe e manawa ana ki roto, e manawa ana ki waho.
- Mō ō whekau: Whakarongo ki ngā oro e puta mai ana i ō whekau i te wā e haere ana te tukanga nakunaku.
- Ki ō uaua toto: Whakarongo ki te tangi o te toto e rere ana i roto i ētahi o ngā uaua toto nui.
Whakaarohia, i roto i tō tinana, he tira iti kei reira. He tangi motuhake tō ia ōkana, he manawataki anō hoki, ina mahi. Hei tauira, ko te tangi "lub-dub" o te ngākau. He oro noa ēnei.
Engari i ētahi wā, i roto i ēnei oro noa, ka rangona hoki e tātou ngā oro rerekē. Ko aua oro rerekē te tohu tuatahi ki tētahi raruraru hauora.
Hei tauira, ka taea e te tākuta te whakamahi i te stethoscope hei rongo i ngā oro rerekē pēnei i ēnei:
- Ngā oro o te ngākau rerekē: Ngā mea e tangi ana me te mea he ngunguru ngākau .
- Ngā tangi rerekē o te pukahukahu: Te wheezing , te stridor rānei (he tangi kaha) i te wā e manawa ana.
- Ngā oro puku rerekē: Ngā oro he nui ake te reo, he teitei ake rānei te tangi, he rerekē i te oro "kurukū" noa mai i te puku.
- Ngā oro rerekē i roto i ngā uaua toto: Ngā oro motuhake e rangona ana ina rere te toto i roto i ētahi uaua toto ina āraia, hei tauira, te oro e rangona ana mai i ngā uaua carotid i te kaki ('carotid bruit') .
Ina rongo te tākuta i tētahi tangi rerekē pēnei, e mōhio ana ia kei te hē tetahi mea. Engari kāore e taea e te stethoscope anake te whakaatu ki a koe he aha te mea, he aha rānei te kino o te mate. Engari koinei te taahiraa tuatahi me te taahiraa nui rawa atu mō te tautuhi i tētahi mate . Mā te whakamahi i tēnei tohu, ka taea e tō tākuta te tuku i a koe mō ētahi atu whakamātautau, te kimi i te mea e tupu ana, me te whakarite i te maimoatanga e tika ana.
He rerekē ngā momo stethoscope?
Ae, he maha ngā momo stethoscope e whakamahia ana e ngā tākuta. Me titiro tātou ki ngā momo matua.
| Momo stethoscope | He aha te mea motuhake mōna? |
|---|---|
| Stethoscope Tuku Iho (Stethoscope Analogue) | Koinei te momo oro e whakamahia whānuitia ana kua kitea e tātou katoa. I konei, ka haere tika ngā oro mai i roto i te tinana ki te taringa o te tākuta mā roto i tētahi ngongo, me te kore he āwhina hiko. He maha atu anō ngā mea kei raro i tēnei kāwai, pērā i ngā stethoscope iti e whakamahia ana mō ngā tamariki nohinohi. |
| Stethoscope Hiko | He momo matatau ake tēnei. Ka taea e ia te whakanui ake i ngā oro o te tinana, me te whakamārama ake. Nō reira, he tino whai hua tēnei mō te tautuhi i ngā oro tino ngawari, mārie (hei tauira, ētahi ngunguru o te ngākau). Ka āwhina hoki ki te whakaiti i te haruru koretake i te taiao, ā, ka rangona noa ngā oro e tika ana. |
| Stethoscope Mamati | He hangarau matatau ake tēnei. Haunga te whakanui i ngā oro, ka taea te tuhi i ēnei oro, te whakarongo ā muri ake nei, me te tohatoha ki tētahi atu tākuta. Ka taea hoki te huri i ēnei raraunga oro hei mea pēnei i ngā kauwhata, ka tātarihia ki te rorohiko. |
I tēnei wā, ko te stethoscope tuku iho te mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana i Sri Lanka me te maha atu o ngā wāhi o te ao. Mā taua taputapu māmā noa, ka taea e te tākuta te tiki i te nui o ngā mōhiohio e tika ana.
Me pēhea te rongo i te oro me tēnei? He aha ngā wāhanga o te stethoscope?
He tino māmā te mahi a te stethoscope. Ina neke tetahi mea i roto i tō tinana, ka hangaia he wiri. Ka hangaia e ēnei wiri ngā ngaru oro. Ka kohia e te wāhanga o te stethoscope e piri ana ki tō uma ēnei ngaru oro ka tukuna mā roto i tētahi ngongo tuwhera ki te taringa o te tākuta. He rite ki te oro e haere ana i roto i tētahi kauhanga roa.
Kia tirohia ngā wāhanga matua o te stethoscope me ā rātou mahi.
| Wāhanga | He aha tāna mahi? (He aha tāna mahi?) |
|---|---|
| Wāhanga Uma | Koinei te porowhita whakarewa me te kirihou ka whakatakotoria e te tākuta ki tō kiri. E rua ngā taha. Ko tētahi he taha papatahi, he nui. Ko te diaphragm te ingoa. Ko tētahi he taha iti, he kōhao, he rite ki te kapu. Ko te pere te ingoa. Ka taea e koe te whakawhiti i waenga i ēnei taha e rua hei whakarongo ki ngā momo oro rerekē. |
| Ngongo | Koinei te ngongo pokorua, he rapa, e kawe ana i te oro mai i te uma ki te taringa o te tākuta. I te nuinga o te wā ka wehea kia rua, he āhua Y, e hono ana ki ngā taringa e rua. |
| Ngā Ngongo me ngā Tohu o te Taringa | Koinei ngā wāhanga whakarewa e tuku tika ana i te oro mai i te ngongo ki roto i te taringa o te tākuta. He wāhanga ngohengohe anō hoki kei ngā pito, pērā i ngā taringaoro e whakamahia ana e tātou hei whakarongo waiata. Mā ēnei ka mau tonu te stethoscope ki roto i te taringa, ā, ka whakaiti i te nui o te haruru o waho e tomo mai ana. |
Nā wai i hanga tēnei taputapu whakamiharo?
I hangaia tuatahitia te stethoscope i te tau 1816 e tētahi rata Wīwī ko René Laennec tōna ingoa. Engari he rerekē rawa te stethoscope tuatahi i hangaia e ia i tā tātou e kite nei i ēnei rā. He ngongo rakau noa iho. I roto i te wā, he maha atu ngā tākuta i whakapai haere i tēnei. Ko te hoahoa taketake o te stethoscope hou e kitea nei e tātou i ēnei rā i whakawhanakehia i ngā tau 1960.I whakawhanakehia e te tākuta o Amerika ko David Littmann tōna ingoa.
Kāore pea koe e tino whakaaro ki ēnei taputapu ina mataku koe mō te haere ki te tākuta. Engari he mea tika kia mōhio koe me pēhea te whakamahi i tētahi taputapu ngāwari pēnei i te stethoscope me te mōhiotanga me te wheako o te tākuta hei taputapu kaha hei tiaki i tō hauora.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- He taputapu hauora nui te stethoscope e whakamahia ana hei whakarongo ki ngā oro e puta mai ana i ngā whekau o roto i tō tinana, pērā i tō ngākau, ō pukahukahu, me ō whekau.
- He maha ngā tohu whai hua ka riro i te tākuta mō tō hauora mai i ngā oro noa me ngā oro rerekē ka rangona e koe.
- Ina whakaatu mai te stethoscope i tētahi tohu mō tētahi mate, ka tukuna pea koe e tō tākuta mō ētahi atu whakamātautau hei whakaū, hei rapu hoki he aha te raruraru.
- Haunga ngā stethoscope noa e kitea ana e tātou i ēnei rā, kei reira anō ngā stethoscope hiko me ngā stethoscope mamati e whakanui ana i ngā oro.
- He mea tino nui tēnei taputapu māmā, ina honoa ki ngā wheako o te tākuta, i roto i te tukanga o te kimi wawe i tētahi mate.
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