ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯱꯲ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ? (ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚꯁ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯟ.

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯉꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ? ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ, ꯃꯥꯌ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯃꯤ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯗꯧꯔꯤꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ, ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁꯇꯥ `(Cranial Nerves)` ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯄꯦꯔꯥ 12ꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯋꯥꯌꯥꯔꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ, ꯃꯥꯌ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯒꯅꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯒꯅꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯏꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯇꯃꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ, ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ, ꯇꯥꯕꯥ, ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯤꯠ, ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ, ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯨꯞ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯄꯥꯎ ꯐꯥꯎꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ? ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯥ 12 ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯄꯦꯔꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯥꯌꯗꯣꯀꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯂꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ ꯅꯔꯚꯁ (smelling nerves) ꯄꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯥꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯅꯔꯚ ꯄꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯅꯤ – ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯂꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ ꯅꯔꯚ (ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯁꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯇꯤꯛ ꯅꯔꯚ (ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯚꯤꯖꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ) – ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯦꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯏ꯫ ꯁꯦꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯄꯦꯔꯥ 10ꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯤꯔꯃꯒꯅꯤ? ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯚꯦꯒꯁ ꯅꯔꯚꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯔꯖ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯟ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ, ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯩ꯫

ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯔꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ/ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯣꯇꯣꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯨꯚꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯄꯨꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ .

ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯔꯤ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ:

• ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ, ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
• ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯃꯍꯥꯎ.

ꯃꯣꯇꯣꯔ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ . ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯣꯇꯣꯔ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚ 12 ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯥꯁꯤꯐꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ:

ꯑꯣꯂꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ ꯅꯔꯚ (ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯑꯥꯏ.) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯱.

ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯆꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯨꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯑꯣꯞꯇꯤꯛ ꯅꯔꯚ (ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯑꯥꯏ.) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯲.

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯚꯤꯖꯟ , ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫

ꯑꯣꯀꯨꯂꯣꯃꯣꯇꯣꯔ ꯅꯔꯚ (ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦꯟ. III) ꯳.

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯉꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ .

ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯛꯂꯤꯌꯔ ꯅꯔꯚ (ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯚꯤ.) ꯴.

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯟꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ .

꯵.ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯖꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚ (ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯚꯤ.) ꯴.

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯟ (touch, pain) ꯄꯤꯕꯁꯤꯅꯤ . ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ .

꯶.ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯨꯁꯦꯟꯁ ꯅꯔꯚ (ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯚꯤ.ꯑꯥꯏ.) .

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ .

꯷.ꯐꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚ (ꯐꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚ - ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦꯟ. VII) .

ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯐꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯂꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯃꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯗꯨꯁꯨꯅꯤ .

ꯚꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕꯨꯂꯣꯀꯣꯛꯂꯤꯌꯔ ꯅꯔꯚ (CN VIII) 8. 8. ꯚꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕꯨꯂꯣꯀꯣꯛꯂꯤꯌꯔ ꯅꯔꯚ (CN VIII)

ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯥꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯊꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ .

ꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯁꯣꯐꯦꯔꯤꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚ (CN IX) ꯹.

ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯩꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯌꯠꯕ ꯂꯧꯕꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯗꯥꯌꯠꯕ ꯂꯧꯏ . ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯤꯝꯄꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯐꯤꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯂꯤꯚꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

10. ꯚꯦꯒꯁ ꯅꯔꯚ (ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯑꯦꯛꯁ.) 1.1.

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁ ꯀꯌꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ, ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯔꯦꯠ, ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ, ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯂꯤꯚꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯒꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ . ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯤꯝꯄꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚꯅꯤ .

11. ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯁꯔꯤ ꯅꯔꯚ (ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯁꯔꯤ ꯅꯔꯚ / ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯁꯔꯤ ꯅꯔꯚ - ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯑꯦꯛꯁ.ꯑꯥꯏ.)

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ .

꯱꯲.ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯣꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯁꯥꯜ ꯅꯔꯚ (ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦꯟ. XII) ꯴.

ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯂꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ , ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯋꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯕꯥ, ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯨꯚꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯔꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ:

• ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫`(ꯍꯦꯗ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯥ / ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯏꯅꯖꯨꯔꯤ)`. ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ꯫
• ꯅꯔꯚꯁ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ , ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯦꯊꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯑꯣꯠꯔꯣꯐꯤꯛ ꯂꯦꯇꯔꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯂꯦꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ (ALS)ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ꯫
• ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ (swelling)ꯅꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯁꯔꯛꯌꯨꯂꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ , ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯔꯣꯚꯦꯁꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ (ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ), ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯣꯛ꯫
• ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯟ , ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯍꯔꯄꯤꯁ ꯖꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯔ ꯚꯥꯏꯔꯁ (ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯖꯂꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯤꯀꯅꯄꯣꯛꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯉ꯭ꯒꯥꯄꯨꯔ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯚꯥꯏꯔꯁ ꯑꯗꯨꯃꯀꯅꯤ)꯫
• ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯏꯝꯌꯨꯟ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯏꯝꯝꯌꯨꯟ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯛꯂꯦꯔꯣꯗꯥꯔꯃꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯖꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ꯫
• ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ, ꯐꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯄꯥꯂꯁꯤꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯣꯇꯣꯔ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ "ꯄꯥꯂꯁꯤ" ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ "ꯄꯥꯂꯁꯤ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ "ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ" ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ "ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕꯥ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯗꯤꯁꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ:

• ꯊꯥꯔꯗ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯄꯥꯂꯁꯤ / ꯑꯣꯀꯨꯂꯣꯃꯣꯇꯣꯔ ꯄꯥꯂꯁꯤ (Oculomotor Palsy): ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯔꯤꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯄꯥꯂꯁꯤ / ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯛꯂꯤꯌꯔ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯄꯥꯂꯁꯤ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯚꯔꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯗꯕꯜ ꯚꯤꯖꯟ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯶ꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯄꯥꯂꯁꯤ / ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯨꯁꯦꯟꯁ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯄꯥꯂꯁꯤ: ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯃꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ (Strabismus) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯕꯜ ꯚꯤꯖꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯕꯦꯂꯁ ꯄꯥꯂꯁꯤ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯐꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯐꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯗꯤꯁꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ, ꯃꯥꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯑꯇꯩ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯖꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯔꯂꯖꯤꯌꯥꯅꯤ . ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯄꯤꯁꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯖꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯇꯤꯛ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯦꯒꯁ ꯅꯔꯚꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯁꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯣꯄꯇꯤꯛ ꯅꯔꯚꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯀꯣꯃꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯄꯇꯤꯛ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫(ꯑꯣꯄꯇꯤꯛ ꯅꯔꯚꯀꯤ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯟ)꯫ ꯚꯦꯒꯁ ꯅꯔꯚꯀꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ (disfunction) ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯒꯦꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯣꯄꯦꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ (stomach muscle dysfunction) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯦꯁꯣꯚꯦꯒꯥꯜ ꯁꯤꯅꯀꯣꯞ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ) ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ, ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯂꯩ:

• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫
• ꯃꯆꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯇꯇꯥ ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯎꯍꯩ-ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ, ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯣꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯂꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯃꯦꯂꯤꯇꯁꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯨ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯧ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯩ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ:

• ꯃꯥꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯃꯥꯌꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯃꯁꯜ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯁꯃꯁ꯭ꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯃꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯍꯤꯛ-ꯃꯇꯥꯏꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯃꯁ꯭ꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡ꯫
• ꯗꯤꯁꯥꯔꯊꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ (Dysphagia)꯫

ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ – ꯎꯕꯥ, ꯇꯥꯕꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯄꯣꯠ-ꯆꯩꯁꯤꯡ – ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯔꯤꯌꯦꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ, ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ, ꯃꯤꯠ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯊꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯛꯠꯔꯤꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯟꯊꯗꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯀꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯒꯗꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯌꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫

` ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ, ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ, ꯅꯔꯚꯁ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ, ꯐꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ, ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯔꯤ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯣꯇꯣꯔ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ꯫