ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯗꯥ, ꯂꯥꯟꯊꯦꯡꯅꯕꯗꯥ, ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯗꯥ, ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯗꯥ, ꯐꯃꯕꯗꯥ... ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯗꯤ ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ?
ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯈꯨꯎ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯉ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯤꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯂꯦꯇꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ . ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯈꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖ, ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯠꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯅꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫
ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ:
- ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ, ꯂꯥꯟꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯅꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
- ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯕꯨ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫
- ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯕꯨ ꯇꯪꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ: ꯈꯨꯎꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯍꯅꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫
ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯄꯨꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯈꯨꯎ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ (ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛꯇꯥ `ꯐꯦꯃꯨꯔ` ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ) ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ (`Tibia`)ꯒꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫
ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯅꯣ?
ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯒꯦ (ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ (ꯑꯔꯕꯥꯟ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ)ꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯥꯁꯤꯐꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯚꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯖꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ . ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯚꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯖꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯣꯕꯥꯏꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯖꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ . ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯚꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ . ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯊꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯂꯨꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯚꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯖꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕꯃꯈꯩ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯁꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯖꯤꯟ (hynge joint) ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫. ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯗꯦ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯊꯣꯉ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯍꯤꯄꯐꯝ (hip joint) ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯕꯦꯁꯤꯛ ꯂꯣ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯉꯥꯛꯂꯤ - ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ:
- ꯁꯔꯨ
- ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖ꯫
- ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ꯫
- ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ꯫
- ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫
ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ:
- ꯐꯤꯝꯌꯨꯔ (femur): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯄꯇꯦꯂꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ, ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ-ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯨꯂꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ:
- ꯄꯦꯇꯦꯂꯣꯐꯦꯃꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯖꯣꯟ (Patellofemoral joint): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ (patella) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ (femur)ꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯑꯣꯐꯦꯃꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯖꯣꯟ (Tibiofemoral joint): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯃꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫
ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖ꯫
ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ, ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯁꯤꯕꯜ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯗꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ:
- ꯍꯥꯏꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖ (Hyaline cartilage): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯃꯈꯂꯅꯤ꯫ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯨꯂꯔ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯨꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯏꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯎ, ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯚꯔ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
- ꯐꯥꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯣꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖ (Fibrocartilage): ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯕꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯅꯤꯁꯀꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯥꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯣꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯋꯦꯖ ꯑꯅꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯎ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯒꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯇꯌꯥꯔꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯇꯌꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯒꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯏ꯫
ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯟꯗꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯏ꯫
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ:
- ꯀꯣꯂꯥꯇꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ: ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯇꯔꯦꯜ ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯕꯦꯟꯗ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
- ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯀꯣꯂꯥꯇꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇ (MCL): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
- ꯂꯦꯇꯔꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯇꯔꯦꯜ ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇ (LCL): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯤꯕꯨꯂꯥ (fibula)ꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
ꯂꯦꯇꯔꯦꯜ ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯔꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯏ꯫
- ꯀ꯭ꯔꯨꯁꯤꯑꯦꯠ ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ: ꯀ꯭ꯔꯨꯁꯤꯑꯦꯠ ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯡ-ꯊꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯁ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ‘X’ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯨꯁꯤꯑꯦꯠ ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯂꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
- ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯔꯤꯑꯣꯔ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯨꯁꯤꯑꯦꯠ ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇ (ACL): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ``ACL'' ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯤꯔꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯄꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯨꯁꯤꯑꯦꯠ ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇ (PCL): ꯃꯁꯤ ACLꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫
ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯐꯤꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯦꯛꯇ (ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯁ) ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
ꯈꯨꯎꯕꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯁꯔ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ:
- `ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔꯤꯁ ꯖꯦꯅꯁ`꯫
- `ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯁ ꯐꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤꯁ`꯫
- `ꯚꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯁ ꯂꯦꯇꯦꯔꯦꯂꯤꯁ`꯫
- `ꯚꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯁ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯁ`꯫
- `ꯚꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯁ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯂꯤꯁ`꯫
ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯇꯦꯟꯁꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯕꯨ ꯁꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯇꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯈꯨꯎꯕꯨ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯇꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯅꯤ:
- `ꯕꯥꯏꯁꯦꯄꯁ ꯐꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤꯁ`꯫
- `ꯁꯦꯃꯤꯇꯦꯟꯗꯤꯅꯣꯁꯁ`꯫
- `ꯁꯦꯃꯤꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯣꯁꯁ`꯫
- `ꯒꯦꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯣꯛꯅꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯁ`꯫
- `ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯟꯇꯥꯔꯤꯁ`꯫
- `ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯂꯤꯁ`꯫
- `ꯄꯣꯄꯂꯤꯌꯁ`꯫
ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯕꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯕꯂꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯏꯝꯄꯂꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯝꯄꯂꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯅꯤ:
- ꯐꯦꯃꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚ꯫
- ꯁꯥꯏꯇꯤꯛ ꯅꯔꯚ꯫
- ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯅꯔꯚ꯫
- ꯄꯦꯔꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚ꯫
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯈꯨꯎꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ:
- ꯑꯔꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ (Arthritis): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯟ (inflame) ꯇꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯑꯔꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ (Osteoarthritis): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖ (cartilage)ꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯌꯥꯃꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
- ꯕꯔꯁꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ: ꯈꯨꯎꯗꯥ ꯕꯔꯁꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯊꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯤꯅꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ: ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯟ꯫
- Osteoporosis: A condition in which bones become weak and break easily.
ꯁꯥꯟꯅ-ꯈꯣꯠꯅꯕꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯈꯔꯅꯤ:
- ꯑꯦ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯌꯥꯔꯁꯤꯡ꯫
- `(ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦꯜ.)` ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯨꯞ (ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯨꯞ)
- ꯃꯦꯅꯤꯁꯀꯁ ꯇꯤꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯑꯦꯛꯁꯇꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯁꯤꯡ꯫
- ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
- ꯕꯣꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯗꯤꯁꯂꯣꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
- ꯄꯦꯇꯦꯂꯣꯐꯦꯃꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯄꯦꯟ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ (PFPS): ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ꯫
ꯈꯨꯎꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩ:
- ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ (ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ)
- ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯟ (ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ) .
- ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯁꯪꯂꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯂꯍꯧꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯋꯥꯔꯝ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯣꯠ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫
- "ꯄꯣꯞ" ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫
ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ:
- ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯖꯣꯏꯟꯇ ꯑꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯔꯦꯁꯟ (Joint aspiration): ꯖꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯡꯗꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯦꯅꯤꯁꯀꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ:
- `ꯃꯦꯀꯃꯨꯔꯦ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ`꯫
- `ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯦ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ` ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
- `ꯊꯦꯁꯥꯂꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ` ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
- ``ꯚꯥꯂꯒꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯔꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ''꯫
ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫
ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯗꯒꯦ?
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯗꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ:
- ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯏꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ꯑꯣꯕꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯄꯤ꯫
- ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯆꯦꯀꯑꯞ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫
- ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ-ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯁꯥꯟꯅ-ꯈꯣꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯏꯛꯌꯨꯏꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯤ ꯒꯥꯔꯗꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫
ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ (ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ)
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ - ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯥ, ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫
ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯠ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯄꯨꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ, ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯤꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ!
` ꯈꯨꯎ, ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ, ꯁꯔꯨ, ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖ, ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇ, ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ, ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ꯫
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