ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯗꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯑꯂꯁꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯎꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯣꯊꯁꯤꯡ (polyps) ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯉꯩꯗꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯝꯂꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯉꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯑꯥꯔꯒꯣꯟ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯖꯃꯥ ꯀꯣꯑꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ, ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯣꯏꯗꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯁꯤ.
ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯑꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯁꯤ.(ꯑꯥꯔꯒꯟ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯖꯃꯥ ꯀꯣꯑꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ) ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
ꯑꯣꯀꯦ, ꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯕꯛ ꯐꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ (ꯗꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯚ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ) ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯑꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯊꯗ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯗꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯞ ꯇꯨꯕ (ꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯞ)ꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯟ ꯇꯨꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ‘ꯑꯥꯔꯒꯟ’ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯩ ꯊꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯀꯔꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯩꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯀꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯣꯊꯁꯤꯡ (polyps) ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯊꯗ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯜꯕ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ, ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯀꯊꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯅꯥ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯣꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯜꯕ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯆꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯅꯗꯥ ‘ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯃꯝ ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯕ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯒꯦꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯣꯏꯟꯇꯦꯔꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
ꯀꯔꯤ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯒꯦ?
ꯑꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫
| ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ꯫ | ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫ |
|---|---|
| ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ, ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯜ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯤꯗꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ‘ꯋꯥꯇꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ’ (Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia Syndrome) ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ |
| ꯑꯄꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ/ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫ | ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯣꯊꯁꯤꯡ (polyps) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ |
| ꯕꯦꯔꯦꯇꯀꯤ ꯏꯁꯣꯐꯦꯒꯁ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯣꯡ-ꯇꯔꯝ ꯒꯦꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ (GERD)ꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯣꯐꯦꯒꯁꯀꯤ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ |
| ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ꯫ | ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯁꯤꯂꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ |
| ꯂꯪꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫ | ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯣꯉ꯭ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔꯋꯦꯖꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ |
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ?
ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯂꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫
- ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯗꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤ (Upper Endoscopy): ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯣꯐꯦꯒꯁ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯀꯣꯂꯣꯅꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤ (Colonoscopy): ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯨꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯕ꯭ꯔꯣꯉ꯭ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤ (bronchoscopy): ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯪꯁ (lungs) ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯒꯅꯤ . ꯀꯣꯂꯣꯅꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯕꯣꯋꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯄꯥꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ...
1. ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯍꯟꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ (IV ꯂꯥꯏꯟ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫
2. ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯐꯃꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫
3. ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ (ꯃꯤꯠ, ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ) ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ, ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯁꯤꯕꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ (ꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯞ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫
4. ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯔꯦꯟꯇꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯅꯕꯥ, ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯄꯦꯗ (ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯄꯦꯗ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ (ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ) ꯊꯥꯏ꯫
5. ꯃꯊꯪꯗꯥ, APC ꯗꯤꯚꯥꯏꯁ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯁ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
6. ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯒꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯁ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯩ ꯊꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯀꯔꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯒꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯩ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫
7. ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯚꯥꯏꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ, ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯔꯦꯟꯇꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
8. ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯞ, ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯄꯦꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯠ ꯱꯵ꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯆꯪꯏ .
ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ? ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?
ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯚꯔꯤ ꯔꯨꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
- ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯁ ꯄꯥꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
- ꯈꯔꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯈꯔꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ꯫
ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯔꯣꯏ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ꯫
ꯑꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯐꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ, ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯏꯁꯣꯐꯦꯒꯁ (stenosis) ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ (stenosis) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯔꯤꯌꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯜꯂꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯄꯥꯔꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ (ETU)ꯗꯥ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯄꯥꯌꯈꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
| ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯋꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ! | |
|---|---|
| 🔴 ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ | ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯁ ꯄꯥꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯄꯦꯏꯟ꯫ |
| 🔴 ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ | ꯆꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯄꯦꯏꯟ . |
| 🔴 ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ | ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ . |
| 🔴 ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ | ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ (ꯂꯥꯂꯍꯧ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯣꯐꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟꯗꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ)꯫ |
| 🔴 ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ | ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯦꯜ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯤꯗꯤꯡ (ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯂꯍꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ)꯫ |
| 🔴 ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ | ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ꯫ |
| 🔴 ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ | ꯂꯧꯅꯒꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ꯫ |
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯚꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯨ꯫
- ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯎ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯩ꯫
- ꯌꯨ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ꯫
ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯑꯥꯔꯒꯣꯟ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯖꯃꯥ ꯀꯣꯑꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ (ꯑꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯁꯤ.) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯄꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ, ꯅꯟ-ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯕ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯔꯣꯏ꯫
- ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯁ (gas) ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫
- ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯋꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯄꯥꯔꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ (ETU)ꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ꯫
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