ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ‘ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯂꯣꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ’ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯂꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯌꯨ!

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ, ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯗꯥꯡꯋꯥꯏꯔꯃꯒꯤ ꯆꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤ, ꯁꯤꯅꯦꯃꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯄꯀꯤ ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯠ, ꯃꯔꯨꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯟꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯣꯗꯥꯒꯤ ꯕꯣꯇꯜ... ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯦ, ꯀꯦꯂꯣꯔꯤ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤꯗꯤ "ꯏꯝꯄꯇꯤ ꯀꯦꯂꯣꯔꯤ" ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ "ꯏꯝꯄꯇꯤ ꯀꯦꯂꯣꯔꯤ" ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ꯫

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ‘ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯂꯣꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ’ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

"ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕꯥ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯊꯗꯤ "ꯀꯔꯤꯁꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫ "ꯏꯝꯄꯇꯤ ꯀꯦꯂꯣꯔꯤ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯂꯣꯔꯤ (i.e. ꯑꯦꯅꯔꯖꯤ) ꯄꯤꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯇꯉꯥꯏꯐꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯄꯤꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯚꯤꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟ, ꯃꯤꯅꯔꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯐꯥꯏꯕꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯥꯏꯇꯣꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯦ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯇꯇꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯂꯣꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯁꯤ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ:

1. ꯆꯤꯅꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇ꯫

2. ꯐꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇ꯫

ꯃꯔꯥꯜ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

ꯃꯔꯥꯜ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯥ #1: ꯆꯤꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯏ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯤꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯟꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯂꯣꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯒꯤ ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯔꯤꯁꯔꯆꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯦ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯗꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯤꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯂꯣꯔꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯂꯣꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

ꯃꯔꯥꯜ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯥ #2: ꯐꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫

ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯁꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯂꯅꯤ꯫ ꯊꯨꯝ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ (ꯑꯣꯃꯦꯒꯥ-3ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯇꯤ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ) ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯗꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯆꯨꯔꯦꯇꯦꯗ ꯐꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁ ꯐꯦꯠ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡ .

ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯗꯤ, ꯐꯦꯠ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ (starch) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫

• ꯐꯦꯠ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ 1 = ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯂꯣꯔꯤ 9꯫
• ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯤꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ 1 = ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯂꯣꯔꯤ 4꯫

ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯤꯔꯤꯕꯔꯥ? ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯇꯦꯜ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯦꯂꯣꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯥꯏꯔꯣꯀꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯗꯤ ꯐꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯐꯨꯗꯅꯤ꯫ ꯐꯦꯠ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯂꯣꯔꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯔꯃꯒꯅꯤ, "ꯑꯣꯍ, ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯖꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯂꯣꯏ?" ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ "ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯟꯇꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤ" (ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯔꯦꯁꯟ)ꯅꯤ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯂꯣꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯆꯥꯀꯁꯉ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ . ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯍꯩꯅꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯂꯣꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯣꯜ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯀꯪꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯂꯣꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ , ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ,

• ꯃꯆꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ, ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯖꯨꯁ ꯊꯀꯎ꯫
• ꯆꯤꯄꯀꯤ ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ, ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯎꯍꯩ-ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯂꯥꯗꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
• ꯄꯦꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯅꯤꯡꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ .