ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯤꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯂꯦꯕꯔ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯌꯥꯡꯈꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯤꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ!

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ‘ꯗ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯗꯦꯠ’ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ? ꯍꯥꯟꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯈ꯭ꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯧꯔꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯅꯥ, ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ‘ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯤꯞ’ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯌꯗꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯤꯔꯝꯂꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯃꯃꯥ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯥꯕꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯩ꯫ "ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?" "ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ?" "ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ?" ꯋꯥꯈꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫

‘ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯤꯞ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯕꯦꯒ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯎꯇꯦꯔꯥꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ? ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ‘ꯑꯦꯝꯅꯤꯑꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯦꯛ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯒ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯎꯇꯦꯔꯥꯁꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯤꯞ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯚꯦꯖꯤꯅꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯛꯁꯇꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯕ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯒ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯎꯇꯦꯔꯥꯏꯟ ꯋꯥꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯇꯣꯈꯥꯌꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯡꯒꯠꯄꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯖꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯔꯃꯒꯅꯤ, "ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ?"

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯎꯇꯦꯔꯥꯏꯟ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯒ꯭ꯂꯥꯟꯗꯤꯟ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯛꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ . ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯧꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯊꯧꯒꯠꯂꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯆꯨꯝꯃꯤ?

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ 39 ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ 40 ꯁꯨꯔꯕꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯔ ꯍꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯊꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯏꯟꯗꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯔ ꯍꯧꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯄꯨꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯤꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ , ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯛꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ (dilated) ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯛꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯐꯤꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯦ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯨꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯨꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

‘ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯤꯞ’ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯅꯦꯇꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯃꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ꯫

• ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯦꯕꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯒꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕꯗꯥ: ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯛꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛꯇꯪ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ, ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ "ꯐꯦꯚꯥꯔꯦꯕꯜ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯛꯁ" ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯀꯧꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯛꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ‘ꯁ꯭ꯕꯤꯞ’ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯛꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯞꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯁꯨꯕꯥ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯛꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯛꯁ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯕ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯛꯁ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯛꯌꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯃꯣꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯨꯟꯗꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯅꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯒ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯎꯇꯦꯔꯥꯏꯟ ꯋꯥꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯆꯪꯏ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯃꯥ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯚꯦꯖꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯥ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ, ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯌꯗ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ‘ꯁ꯭ꯕꯤꯞ’ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ ꯈꯔꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯅꯈꯤ꯫

‘ꯁ꯭ꯕꯤꯞ’ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

‘ꯁ꯭ꯕꯤꯞ’ ꯂꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯡ 24-48ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯅꯤ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

• ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯝꯄꯤꯡ (cramping): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯊꯥꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯀꯥꯞ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ (irregular contractions): ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯝ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯨ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯂꯥꯏꯠ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯤꯗꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟ ꯗꯤꯁꯆꯥꯔꯖ (Spotting): ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯛꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯎ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟ ꯗꯤꯁꯆꯥꯔꯖ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ , ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ (ꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯦꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ) ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯃꯥꯌ ꯄꯥꯀꯄꯒꯦ? ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯤꯞ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯔ ꯍꯧꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯏ꯫ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯤꯞ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ 50%ꯗꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯔ ꯍꯧꯔꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ: ꯱.

• ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯝꯌꯨꯜ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯂꯤꯖꯦꯟꯁ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯔ ꯍꯧꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯏꯟꯗꯛꯁꯟ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ: ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯗꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯄꯥꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯁꯦꯂꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯔ ꯄꯦꯏꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯐ (Psychological relief): ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ 40ꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯃꯥ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯊꯨꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯎꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯅꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯐꯪꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯐ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯀꯁꯤꯡ:

• ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ: ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯈꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ: ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ: ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯟꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯕꯅꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯡ 24ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯔꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯑꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯔ: ꯱.ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯔ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯔ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

‘ꯁ꯭ꯕꯤꯞ’ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯗꯥꯌꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯒꯅꯤ?

‘ꯁ꯭ꯕꯤꯞ’ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ, ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ: ꯑꯍꯧꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ 10 ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯆꯤꯜꯂꯀꯏ, ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯀꯏ (ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗ 45-60ꯅꯤ), ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯏ (ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ 5 ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ)꯫
• ꯃ꯭ꯌꯨꯀꯁ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯒ: ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯛꯁ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ, ꯃ꯭ꯌꯨꯀꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ꯫
• ‘ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗꯤ ꯁꯣ’: ꯃ꯭ꯌꯨꯀꯁꯀꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯂꯍꯧꯒꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯛꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯨꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ (water breaking): ꯈꯣꯝꯂꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯆꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ꯫

‘ꯁ꯭ꯕꯤꯞ’ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯐꯣꯟ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯄꯥꯔꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ (ETU)ꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ꯫

• ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯅꯤꯇꯦꯔꯤ ꯄꯦꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ ꯍꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯒ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯨꯚꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫