ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ (ꯅꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯔꯤꯃꯨꯚꯜ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯅꯤ꯫ ‘ꯅꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯥꯕꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ "ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?", "ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ?", "ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯆꯪꯒꯅꯤ?"... ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯅꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯅꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ:

• ꯄꯥꯔꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ (partial nephrectomy): ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫
• ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯅꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ (radical nephrectomy): ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔ – ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯄꯨꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩꯗꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯦꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯅꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯜꯌꯥꯟꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ?

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ (ꯃꯦꯂꯤꯒꯅꯦꯟꯇ) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯟ-ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ (ꯕꯦꯅꯤꯟ) ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤꯁꯨ ꯔꯤꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯚꯔꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ (ꯄꯥꯏꯂꯣꯅꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ) ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯈ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫ (ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯂꯩꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯟ-ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ)꯫
• ꯑꯇꯩ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ( ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ) ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯗꯥꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ .

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ, ꯄꯂꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯔꯖꯤ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯅꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ:

• ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ꯫
• ꯈꯣꯡ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯔꯍꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯤꯟ, ꯑꯥꯌꯣꯗꯤꯟ)
• ꯂꯦꯇꯦꯛꯁꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ꯫
• ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯈꯔꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ (ꯔꯣꯖꯥ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯛꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯅꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯊꯗ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯦꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯚꯔꯤ ꯔꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ, ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯗ ꯐꯨꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯗꯦ꯫ ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯃꯨꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯔꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯊꯧꯒꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯅꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯛꯌꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯏ (ꯗꯤꯞ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯣꯝꯕꯣꯁꯤꯁ)꯫

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ 1ꯗꯒꯤ 5 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯁꯨ, ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ 6ꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ (ꯀꯤꯂꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ 4.5ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯄꯥ) ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯗꯦ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯁꯃꯁ꯭ꯌꯥꯅꯤ꯫ ꯋꯥꯒꯅꯨ. ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯞꯇꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯀꯤ, ꯔꯒꯕꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯂꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯏꯝꯄꯦꯛꯇ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ (`ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯇꯤꯅꯤꯟ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯌꯔꯦꯟꯁ`, `eGFR`ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ) ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯐꯣꯂꯣ-ꯑꯄꯀꯤ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ:

• ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ (dyspnea) .
• ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ (ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ, ꯃꯆꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯀꯄꯥ)
• ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ (edema) .
• ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ (ꯍꯥꯌꯄꯔꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ)
• ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯆꯔꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯐꯣꯒ꯫

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯒꯅꯨ꯫