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ꯕꯣꯟ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ (ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ!

ꯕꯣꯟ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ (ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ!

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯈꯔꯗꯥ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎ, ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯔꯥ? ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯤꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯉꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯇꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ (Osteotomy)?

ꯑꯣꯀꯦ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯖꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯀꯥꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ-ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯔꯄꯦꯟꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ, ꯃꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯀꯣꯛ, ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗ, ꯈꯨꯎ, ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ – ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯩ꯫ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯀꯊꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ (Osteotomy) ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ?

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯔꯃꯒꯅꯤ, ‘ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯀꯊꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ?’ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫

  • ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ, ꯕꯣꯋꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯃꯊꯣꯀꯎ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣ ꯑꯛꯁꯔ (ꯕꯣꯂꯦꯒ) ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ X ꯑꯛꯁꯔ (ꯅꯣꯛ-ꯅꯤ)ꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫
  • ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯤꯁꯥꯏꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ: ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯉꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ? ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯀꯦꯁ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯊꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫
  • ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
  • ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯎ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯨ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯑꯔꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯂꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ, ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯖꯣꯏꯟꯇ ꯔꯤꯞꯂꯦꯁꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯊꯦꯡꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ: ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯖꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛ-ꯍꯣꯡꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
  • ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ:

  • ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯅꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫
  • ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫
  • ꯏ.ꯁꯤ.ꯖꯤ.(ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ) ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫
  • ꯆꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ: ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯅꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ/ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ, ꯂꯦꯡꯖꯨꯝ, ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯌꯨꯇꯔ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯳ꯗꯤ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ?

ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

  • ꯔꯤꯖꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ꯫
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ (ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ)꯫
  • ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯊꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯊꯪꯗꯥ, ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇꯤꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯊ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯔꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯒꯥꯏꯗ ꯋꯥꯏꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ (ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯩ)꯫ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯔꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯣ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫

ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯔꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯒꯦꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯠꯔꯤꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯟ, ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯨ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

ꯖꯑꯣ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ (mandible) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ (maxilla)ꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ/ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯍꯅꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ, ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯒꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ, ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯕꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

  • ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯕꯨ ꯃꯦꯟꯗꯤꯕꯨꯂꯔ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ .
  • ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯃꯦꯛꯁꯤꯂꯦꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯀꯧꯏ .
  • ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯂꯩ, ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯂꯦꯐꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯦꯖꯤꯇꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯞꯂꯤꯠ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯔꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯆꯤꯟ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯆꯤꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯆꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯂꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯆꯤꯟ ꯏꯃꯞꯂꯥꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯀꯊꯠꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯊꯥ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯦꯂꯕꯣ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯕꯣ ꯖꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯌꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ (cubitus varus) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ (cubitus valgus) ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯀꯤ ꯀꯔꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯃꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ, ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯆꯔꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯃꯗꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯇꯥ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ, ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯅꯤ꯫

  • ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯦꯟꯀꯤꯂꯣꯁꯤꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯟꯗꯤꯂꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ (Ankylosing Spondylitis) ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯂꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ:
  • ꯄꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯀꯣꯂꯝ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯣꯔꯗꯣꯁꯤꯁ (lordosis) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯥꯏꯐꯣꯁꯤꯁ (kaiphosis) ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯄꯣꯟꯇꯦ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯏꯐꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
  • (ꯁ꯭ꯃꯤꯊ-ꯄꯤꯇꯔꯁꯦꯟ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ):ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯣꯔꯗꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫
  • ꯄꯦꯗꯤꯀꯜ ꯁꯕꯠꯔꯦꯀꯁꯟ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ (Pedicle subtraction osteotomy) : ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯋꯥꯔꯗ ꯀꯔꯕ (lordosis) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
  • (ꯕꯣꯟ-ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ-ꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ): ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯚꯔꯇꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯀꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯗꯞꯂꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
  • (Vertebral column resection): ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯚꯔꯇꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯍꯤꯞ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯥꯕꯨꯂꯝ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯦꯃꯔ ꯍꯦꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯤꯄꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯕꯣꯜ-ꯑꯦꯟꯗ-ꯁꯣꯀꯦꯠ ꯍꯤꯞ ꯖꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯀꯊꯠꯂꯤ, ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

  • ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ: ꯱.
  • ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯁꯦꯇꯥꯕꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ (periacetabular osteotomy): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯞ ꯗꯤꯁꯞꯂꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ (hip dysplasia) (hip dysplasia) (hip dysplasia) (hip dysplasia) ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯄꯐꯝ (hip socket)ꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ (thigh bone)ꯒꯤ ꯕꯣꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ꯫
  • ꯐꯦꯃꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ (femoral osteotomy): ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯍꯤꯄꯀꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯎ (femur) ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯀꯊꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫

ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ꯫

ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ – ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯤꯃꯔ (femur) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯀꯀꯊꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯔꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯑꯔꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫

  • ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯍꯥꯏ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤꯗꯥ , ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯠꯁꯤꯂꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯠꯆꯤꯜꯂꯛꯇꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯏ꯫
  • ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ (Osteotomy):
  • ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ (Tibial osteotomy): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯕꯣꯂꯦꯒ ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯟꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫
  • ꯍꯥꯏ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯣꯇꯦꯜ ꯅꯤ ꯔꯤꯞꯂꯦꯁꯃꯦꯟꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • (ꯐꯨꯂꯀꯥꯔꯁꯟ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ):ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ (tibial tubercle)ꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯁꯂꯣꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯤꯡꯏ꯫

ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯍꯦꯂꯛꯁ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯆ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯐꯤꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯃꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

  • ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ (Osteotomy) ꯃꯦꯊꯗ ꯀꯌꯥ:
  • ꯆꯦꯚ꯭ꯔꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯀꯤꯟ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ: ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯌꯟ (hallux valgus)ꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯐꯣꯔꯃꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
  • (Dwyer osteotomy): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯆ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫
  • (Weil osteotomy): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯕꯣꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
  • (ꯀꯣꯇꯟ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯆ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ:

  • ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯃꯁ꯭ꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡ꯫
  • ꯃꯍꯤꯛ ꯄꯛꯄ.
  • ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
  • ꯅꯔꯚ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
  • ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ (joint inflammation) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ (stiffness)꯫
  • ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯀꯥꯔ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ꯫

ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯍꯪꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯆꯪꯒꯅꯤ? ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯚꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ, ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯛ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫

ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯪꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯠꯔꯤꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤ꯫

  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ, ꯁ꯭ꯞꯂꯤꯟꯇ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯆ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ, ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯥ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯞꯂꯤꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯣꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯥ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯨꯆꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ (jow osteotomy) ꯇꯧꯈ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯋꯥꯏꯔꯞ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ 6ꯅꯤ ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ ꯗꯥꯏꯇꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯈ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯶ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯖꯨꯇꯣ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯚꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯂꯣꯏ꯫

ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯁꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

  • ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯅꯨ: ꯅꯤꯀꯣꯇꯤꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ .
  • ꯑꯐꯕꯥ, ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ: ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯇꯦꯔꯦꯅꯤꯌꯟ ꯗꯥꯏꯇꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯥꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯎꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯞ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤ ꯐꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯐꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯍꯪꯕꯗꯥ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯁꯦꯌꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯟ-ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ (ꯀꯅꯖꯥꯔꯚꯦꯇꯤꯚ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ)ꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ, ꯑꯥꯏꯁ, ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤ-ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯏꯟ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯔꯇꯤꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯣꯏꯗ ꯏꯅꯖꯦꯀꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯊꯣꯄꯦꯗꯤꯛ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯣꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯋꯥꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯟ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ, ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

  • ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯁ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯚꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯏꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ: ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯁꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯌꯨ: ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯧ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯌꯨ꯫
  • ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯕꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫


` ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ, ꯕꯣꯟ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ, ꯕꯣꯟ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ, ꯖꯣꯏꯟꯇ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ, ꯕꯣꯟ ꯗꯤꯐꯣꯔꯃꯤꯇꯤ, ꯖꯣꯏꯟꯇ ꯄꯦꯏꯟ꯫

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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ꯕꯣꯟ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ (ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ!
ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫জুলাই ৫, ২০২৬

ꯕꯣꯟ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ (ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ!

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯈꯔꯗꯥ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎ, ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯔꯥ? ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯤꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯉꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯇꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ (Osteotomy)?

ꯑꯣꯀꯦ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯖꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯀꯥꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ-ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯔꯄꯦꯟꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ, ꯃꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯀꯣꯛ, ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗ, ꯈꯨꯎ, ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ – ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯩ꯫ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯀꯊꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ (Osteotomy) ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ?

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯔꯃꯒꯅꯤ, ‘ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯀꯊꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ?’ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫

  • ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ, ꯕꯣꯋꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯃꯊꯣꯀꯎ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣ ꯑꯛꯁꯔ (ꯕꯣꯂꯦꯒ) ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ X ꯑꯛꯁꯔ (ꯅꯣꯛ-ꯅꯤ)ꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫
  • ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯤꯁꯥꯏꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ: ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯉꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ? ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯀꯦꯁ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯊꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫
  • ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
  • ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯎ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯨ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯑꯔꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯂꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ, ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯖꯣꯏꯟꯇ ꯔꯤꯞꯂꯦꯁꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯊꯦꯡꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ: ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯖꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛ-ꯍꯣꯡꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
  • ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ:

  • ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯅꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫
  • ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫
  • ꯏ.ꯁꯤ.ꯖꯤ.(ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ) ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫
  • ꯆꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ: ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯅꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ/ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ, ꯂꯦꯡꯖꯨꯝ, ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯌꯨꯇꯔ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯳ꯗꯤ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ?

ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

  • ꯔꯤꯖꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ꯫
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ (ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ)꯫
  • ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯊꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯊꯪꯗꯥ, ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇꯤꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯊ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯔꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯒꯥꯏꯗ ꯋꯥꯏꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ (ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯩ)꯫ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯔꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯣ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫

ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯔꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯒꯦꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯠꯔꯤꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯟ, ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯨ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

ꯖꯑꯣ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ (mandible) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ (maxilla)ꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ/ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯍꯅꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ, ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯒꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ, ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯕꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

  • ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯕꯨ ꯃꯦꯟꯗꯤꯕꯨꯂꯔ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ .
  • ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯃꯦꯛꯁꯤꯂꯦꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯀꯧꯏ .
  • ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯂꯩ, ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯂꯦꯐꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯦꯖꯤꯇꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯞꯂꯤꯠ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯔꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯆꯤꯟ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯆꯤꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯆꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯂꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯆꯤꯟ ꯏꯃꯞꯂꯥꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯀꯊꯠꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯊꯥ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯦꯂꯕꯣ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯕꯣ ꯖꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯌꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ (cubitus varus) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ (cubitus valgus) ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯀꯤ ꯀꯔꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯃꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ, ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯆꯔꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯃꯗꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯇꯥ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ, ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯅꯤ꯫

  • ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯦꯟꯀꯤꯂꯣꯁꯤꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯟꯗꯤꯂꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ (Ankylosing Spondylitis) ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯂꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ:
  • ꯄꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯀꯣꯂꯝ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯣꯔꯗꯣꯁꯤꯁ (lordosis) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯥꯏꯐꯣꯁꯤꯁ (kaiphosis) ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯄꯣꯟꯇꯦ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯏꯐꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
  • (ꯁ꯭ꯃꯤꯊ-ꯄꯤꯇꯔꯁꯦꯟ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ):ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯣꯔꯗꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫
  • ꯄꯦꯗꯤꯀꯜ ꯁꯕꯠꯔꯦꯀꯁꯟ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ (Pedicle subtraction osteotomy) : ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯋꯥꯔꯗ ꯀꯔꯕ (lordosis) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
  • (ꯕꯣꯟ-ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ-ꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ): ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯚꯔꯇꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯀꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯗꯞꯂꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
  • (Vertebral column resection): ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯚꯔꯇꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯍꯤꯞ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯥꯕꯨꯂꯝ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯦꯃꯔ ꯍꯦꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯤꯄꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯕꯣꯜ-ꯑꯦꯟꯗ-ꯁꯣꯀꯦꯠ ꯍꯤꯞ ꯖꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯀꯊꯠꯂꯤ, ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

  • ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ: ꯱.
  • ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯁꯦꯇꯥꯕꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ (periacetabular osteotomy): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯞ ꯗꯤꯁꯞꯂꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ (hip dysplasia) (hip dysplasia) (hip dysplasia) (hip dysplasia) ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯄꯐꯝ (hip socket)ꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ (thigh bone)ꯒꯤ ꯕꯣꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ꯫
  • ꯐꯦꯃꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ (femoral osteotomy): ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯍꯤꯄꯀꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯎ (femur) ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯀꯊꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫

ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ꯫

ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ – ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯤꯃꯔ (femur) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯀꯀꯊꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯔꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯑꯔꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫

  • ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯍꯥꯏ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤꯗꯥ , ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯠꯁꯤꯂꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯠꯆꯤꯜꯂꯛꯇꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯏ꯫
  • ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ (Osteotomy):
  • ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ (Tibial osteotomy): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯕꯣꯂꯦꯒ ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯟꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫
  • ꯍꯥꯏ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯣꯇꯦꯜ ꯅꯤ ꯔꯤꯞꯂꯦꯁꯃꯦꯟꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • (ꯐꯨꯂꯀꯥꯔꯁꯟ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ):ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ (tibial tubercle)ꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯁꯂꯣꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯤꯡꯏ꯫

ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯍꯦꯂꯛꯁ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯆ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯐꯤꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯃꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

  • ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ (Osteotomy) ꯃꯦꯊꯗ ꯀꯌꯥ:
  • ꯆꯦꯚ꯭ꯔꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯀꯤꯟ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ: ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯌꯟ (hallux valgus)ꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯐꯣꯔꯃꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
  • (Dwyer osteotomy): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯆ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫
  • (Weil osteotomy): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯕꯣꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
  • (ꯀꯣꯇꯟ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯆ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ:

  • ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯃꯁ꯭ꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡ꯫
  • ꯃꯍꯤꯛ ꯄꯛꯄ.
  • ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
  • ꯅꯔꯚ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
  • ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ (joint inflammation) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ (stiffness)꯫
  • ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯀꯥꯔ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ꯫

ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯍꯪꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯆꯪꯒꯅꯤ? ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯚꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ, ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯛ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫

ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯪꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯠꯔꯤꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤ꯫

  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ, ꯁ꯭ꯞꯂꯤꯟꯇ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯆ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ, ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯥ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯞꯂꯤꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯣꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯥ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯨꯆꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ (jow osteotomy) ꯇꯧꯈ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯋꯥꯏꯔꯞ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ 6ꯅꯤ ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ ꯗꯥꯏꯇꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯈ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯶ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯖꯨꯇꯣ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯚꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯂꯣꯏ꯫

ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯁꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

  • ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯅꯨ: ꯅꯤꯀꯣꯇꯤꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ .
  • ꯑꯐꯕꯥ, ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ: ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯇꯦꯔꯦꯅꯤꯌꯟ ꯗꯥꯏꯇꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯥꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯎꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯞ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤ ꯐꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯐꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯍꯪꯕꯗꯥ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯁꯦꯌꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯟ-ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ (ꯀꯅꯖꯥꯔꯚꯦꯇꯤꯚ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ)ꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ, ꯑꯥꯏꯁ, ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤ-ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯏꯟ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯔꯇꯤꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯣꯏꯗ ꯏꯅꯖꯦꯀꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯊꯣꯄꯦꯗꯤꯛ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯣꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯋꯥꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯟ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ, ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

  • ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯁ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯚꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯏꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ: ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯁꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯌꯨ: ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯧ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯌꯨ꯫
  • ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯕꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫


` ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ, ꯕꯣꯟ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ, ꯕꯣꯟ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ, ꯖꯣꯏꯟꯇ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ, ꯕꯣꯟ ꯗꯤꯐꯣꯔꯃꯤꯇꯤ, ꯖꯣꯏꯟꯇ ꯄꯦꯏꯟ꯫

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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