ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ? ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ!

ꯏꯃꯥ-ꯏꯄꯥꯁꯤꯡ, ꯅꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯀꯄꯨ ‘ꯑꯣꯍ, ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ ꯍꯧꯔꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯁꯤꯜꯂꯒꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯎꯔꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯄꯂꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌ ꯁꯣꯛꯅ-ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ!

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯄꯂꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯝꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗꯥ, ꯁꯦꯡꯂꯕꯥ ꯏ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯝꯄ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯋꯦꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯂꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯩ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯗꯦ꯫

• ꯆꯍꯤ: ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯌꯥꯃꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯌꯥꯃꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ, ꯄꯂꯁ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤ: ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ, ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ, ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯁꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ (emotions): ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ, ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ (Body temperature): ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ: ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ, ꯊꯥꯌꯔꯣꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯁꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯤꯒꯨꯂꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯔꯦꯠ (ꯃꯤꯅꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯕꯤꯠꯁ) ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

• ꯅꯧꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ (ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ 0-28): ꯃꯤꯅꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ 100-205ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯊꯥ 1ꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ 1 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ: ꯃꯤꯅꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ 100-190ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯆꯍꯤ 1ꯗꯒꯤ 2 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯤꯅꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ 98-140 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯊꯥꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯆꯍꯤ 3ꯗꯒꯤ 5 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯤꯅꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ 80-120 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯊꯥꯎ꯫
• ꯆꯍꯤ 6ꯗꯒꯤ 11 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯤꯅꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ 75-118 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯆꯍꯤ 12ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯤꯅꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ 60-100 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ (ꯑꯍꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ)

" ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ:"ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯔꯦꯟꯖꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯂꯥꯟꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯔꯦꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯫"

ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯑꯣꯀꯦ, ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯏꯛꯕꯤꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ:

1. ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯆꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ `ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯄꯋꯥꯆ` (ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯄꯋꯥꯆ) ꯑꯃꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗ ꯱꯵, ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗ ꯳꯰ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯥꯄꯜ ꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ `ꯁ꯭ꯃꯥꯔꯠ ꯐꯣꯟ` (ꯁ꯭ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯐꯣꯟ) ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ `ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯄꯋꯥꯆ` (ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯄꯋꯥꯆ)ꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯆꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

2. ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯟꯗꯥꯕꯥ, ꯀꯞꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯛꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯂꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ 5 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯚꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯎ꯫

ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯤꯔꯃꯒꯅꯤ? ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯉꯎꯄꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯂꯩ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ `ꯄꯂꯁ` ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯂꯁꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ , ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯗꯜ ꯐꯤꯉ꯭ꯒꯔꯁꯤꯡ (ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯐꯤꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯑꯅꯤ) ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ (ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ)ꯒꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯥ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ . ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ, ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ `ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯄꯂꯁ` ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯕꯛ ꯐꯕꯅꯤ:

1. ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ, ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯐꯃꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯁꯥꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ (ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ) ꯈꯔꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯨ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ `ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯆꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯄꯂꯁ` ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯄꯅꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯕꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯒꯅꯤ꯫

2. ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯗꯜ ꯐꯤꯉ꯭ꯒꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ (ꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ) ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ꯫ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯨ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯛꯂꯨ꯫

3. ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ‘ꯇꯤꯛ ꯇꯤꯛ’ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯆꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗ 15ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯀꯨꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯀꯅꯨ .

4. ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ 4ꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯃꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯔꯦꯠ (ꯃꯤꯅꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ) ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫

ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗ ꯱꯵ꯗꯥ ꯕꯤꯠ ꯳꯵ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ 35 x 4 = 140. ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ 140 ꯔꯣꯝ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯤꯔꯤꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯕꯗꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯧ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯑꯁꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫

• ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯄꯂꯁ - ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯄꯂꯁ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯗꯜ ꯐꯤꯉ꯭ꯒꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯨꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ (ꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ) ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ `ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯄꯂꯁ` ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫
• ꯀꯦꯔꯣꯇꯤꯗ ꯄꯂꯁ: ꯀꯦꯔꯣꯇꯤꯗ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ, ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯤꯌꯥ (windpipe )ꯒꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯜ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯗꯦ . ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯚ ꯔꯤꯁꯦꯞꯇꯔ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯝꯌꯨꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯂꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯍꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗ 15 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯀꯅꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 4ꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯃꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗ 30ꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯃꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 2ꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯃꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯌꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ:

• ꯇꯦꯀꯤꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯥ: ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯆꯍꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯔꯦꯇꯇꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯂꯥꯛꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯁꯨ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ 220ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ 180ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ)꯫
• ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯥ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯆꯍꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯁꯨ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ 60ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯥ, ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ)꯫
• ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯔ ꯄꯂꯁ (irregular Pulse): ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯔꯤꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯕꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ, ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ, ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ, ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯂꯁꯀꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ:
• ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯂꯤꯞ, ꯖꯤꯕ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯨ ꯗꯤꯁꯀꯂꯔ (Cyanosis)꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯛꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ (ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ)꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯥ, ꯂꯥꯏꯠ ꯍꯦꯗ-ꯑꯦꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ (ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ), ꯅꯣꯡꯖꯨ-ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯥ ꯈꯥꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯣꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯥ, ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯁꯉ꯭ꯒꯣꯝ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯆꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯠꯄꯥ (ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ)꯫

"ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯟꯗꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯔꯦꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫"

ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯁꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ "ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯔꯥ? ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯦ" ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ! (ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ)

ꯑꯣꯀꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ?

1. ꯄꯂꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯌꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨꯅꯤ꯫

2. ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ 5 ꯆꯨꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯌꯨ꯫ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

3. ꯄꯂꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯗꯜ ꯐꯤꯉ꯭ꯒꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯅꯨ꯫

4. ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ (ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ) ꯄꯂꯁ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ, ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ (`Brachial Pulse`)ꯅꯤ꯫

5. ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ `ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯄꯂꯁ` ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ .

6. ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗ 15ꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯇ ꯇꯧ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ 4ꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯃꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ (ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗ 30ꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯇ ꯇꯧ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 2ꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯃꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ)꯫

7. ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯍꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯔꯦꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯌꯨ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

8. ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯦꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯨ ꯂꯤꯄꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

꯹.ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯒꯅꯨ . ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯪꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯩ꯫ ꯃꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯣꯏ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯩ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯉꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫

` ꯄꯂꯁ, ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯔꯦꯠ, ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯄꯂꯁ, ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯄꯂꯁ꯫