ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯂꯦꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ? ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ, ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ, ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕꯥꯊꯔꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯌꯥꯅꯤꯡꯗꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯚꯦꯟꯠꯔꯦꯜ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ . ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯚꯦꯟꯠꯔꯦꯜ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ (ꯏꯅꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ‘ꯚꯦꯟꯠꯔꯦꯜ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯊꯗꯤ ‘ꯐ꯭ꯔꯟꯇ’ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ‘ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯀꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯐꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯈꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ, ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯔꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

ꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯂꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯈꯥꯌꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯚꯦꯟꯠꯔꯦꯜ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯗꯤ, ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ (lump) ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ:

• ꯅꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ꯫
• ꯀꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ꯫
• ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ꯫
• ꯀꯩꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ꯫
• ꯇꯣꯏꯂꯦꯠꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ꯫
• ꯃꯥꯡꯂꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ꯫
• ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ꯫

ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯀꯄꯥ, ꯄꯨꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯨꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯖꯦꯂꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯦꯁꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ꯫

ꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯂꯦꯇꯔ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ:

• ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡ (congenital weaknesses): ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯋꯥꯜ (e.g., umbilical hernia)ꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯕꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤ: ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ, ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯄꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ : ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯉꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ: ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ (abdominal muscles) ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ: ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯣ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛ ꯀꯟꯁꯇꯤꯄꯁꯟ (chronic constipation): ꯕꯥꯊꯔꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯍꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔꯁꯨ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯋꯦꯠꯂꯤꯐꯇꯤꯡ: ꯱.ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯨꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯆꯠꯅꯩ꯫
• ꯑꯍꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ: ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯌꯥꯃꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯔꯥ? ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯍꯣꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯀꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯏ꯫

ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ:

1. ꯖꯦꯂꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ: ꯈꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ, ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ‘ꯏꯅꯀꯔꯁꯔꯦꯁꯟ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯝꯂꯥꯡ ꯄꯤꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

2. ꯏꯒꯤ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕꯥ (Strangulation): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯅꯤ . ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯡꯒꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯀꯊꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ, ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯝ (ETU)ꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯐꯃꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫

• ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯅꯣꯟꯖꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯒꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ‘ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ’ (reducible’ hernia) ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ‘ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯥ’ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ , ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ .

ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯟꯠꯔꯦꯜ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯠꯆꯤꯜꯂꯀꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯛꯠꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯩ꯫ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯦꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯐꯩ꯫

ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯨꯠꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯋꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯈꯠꯍꯅꯕꯅꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯟꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ‘ꯃꯦꯁ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯈꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯈꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯔ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯕꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ꯫ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯦꯁ (mesh) ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯗꯤ, ꯃꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯱꯰꯰% ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯦ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯉꯥꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯗꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ (ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ)ꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ (ꯀꯣꯔꯁꯦꯠ, ꯕꯥꯏꯟꯗꯔ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯁ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫