Zinthu zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza matenda a anthrax!

Mwina mwamvapo za matenda a anthrax. Koma mwina mukudabwa kuti ndi chiyani, amafalikira bwanji, komanso zomwe tingachite pa matendawa. Musadandaule, lero tikambirana za matenda a anthrax m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi Anthrax ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, anthrax ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amayamba chifukwa cha bakiteriya wotchedwa Bacillus anthracis . Ma spores a bakiteriyawa amapezeka m'chilengedwe, makamaka m'nthaka, ali chete, osagwira ntchito. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amakhudza nyama, makamaka nyama zodya udzu. Komabe, anthu amathanso kutenga matendawa. Izi sizichitika kawirikawiri m'maiko ngati United States.

Kodi pali mitundu ya anthrax kutengera momwe imafalikira?

Inde, kwenikweni, matenda a anthrax amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu ingapo kutengera momwe mabakiteriyawa amalowera m'thupi lathu. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.

Anthrax ya m'makutu

Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri komanso wosapha kwambiri . Chomwe chimachitika apa ndi chakuti mabakiteriya amalowa m'thupi mwanu kudzera pakhungu losweka. Tangoganizirani, muli ndi kachikwapu kakang'ono padzanja lanu, ndipo ngati mabakiteriyawa alowa, vutoli likhoza kuchitika.

• Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu? Madokotala a ziweto ndi omwe amagwira ntchito ndi ubweya wa nyama, khungu, kapena tsitsi ndi omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

Anthrax ya m'mimba

Mtundu uwu umayamba chifukwa chodya nyama yosaphika kapena yosaphikidwa bwino kuchokera ku nyama yomwe ili ndi kachilomboka . Bakiteriya imakhudza mmero, pakhosi, m'mimba, ndi matumbo . Sizofala m'maiko ngati United States, komwe ziweto za pafamu zimalandira katemera wa anthrax ndipo ziweto zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka zimazindikirika zisanaphedwe kuti zikhale nyama.

Kupuma Anthrax

Uwu ndi mtundu woopsa kwambiri komanso woopsa kwambiri wa anthrax . Umayambitsidwa ndi kupuma spores za anthrax. Izi zingayambitse mavuto aakulu opuma komanso imfa. Kale unkatchedwanso "matenda a woolsorter" chifukwa ogwira ntchito m'mafakitale a ubweya, malo ophera nyama, ndi malo opaka utoto ankatha kupuma spores kuchokera ku ziweto zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka.

Anthrax ya jakisoni

Si nkhani yomwe timamva kwambiri m'dera lathu. Imapezeka pakati pa anthu omwe amaika mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga heroin . Vutoli ladziwika ku Northern Europe. Chomwe chimachitika apa ndichakuti matendawa amakula pansi pa khungu kapena m'minofu.

Kodi anthrax ndi yofala bwanji? Kodi imapezeka ku Sri Lanka?

Ngakhale kuti matenda a anthrax amapezeka padziko lonse lapansi, amapezeka kawirikawiri m'maiko ngati United States. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amafalikira m'maiko osatukuka kumene nyama sizilandira katemera.

Mwachitsanzo:

• Zilumba za ku Caribbean
• Central America
• Central ndi Southwest Asia
• South America
• Kumwera ndi Kum'mawa kwa Ulaya
• Africa ya kum'mwera kwa Sahara

Ku Sri Lanka, matenda a anthrax ndi osowa kwambiri . Komabe, ndikofunikira kusamala mukamagwira nyama komanso mukatumiza zinthu za nyama.

Kodi anthrax ingakhale chida chachilengedwe?

Inde, izi n’zomvetsa chisoni, koma zoona. Pali nkhani yoti spores za anthrax zingagwiritsidwe ntchito poukira anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka bioterrorism . Mungakumbukire, mu 2001, panali chochitika ku America pomwe ufa wa anthrax unatumizidwa mu ma envulopu. Anthu ena adadwala anthrax ya pakhungu, ena adadwala anthrax yopumira, ndipo anthu angapo adamwalira. Chifukwa chake, asilikali achitetezo nthawi zonse amakhala tcheru kuti apewe zinthu zotere.

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a anthrax ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za anthrax zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wake . Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimayamba mkati mwa sabata imodzi kuchokera pamene kachilombo ka bakiteriya kalowa. Komabe, nthawi zina zizindikiro za anthrax yopumira sizingawonekere kwa miyezi iwiri .

Zizindikiro zomwe zimawoneka kawirikawiri ndi izi:

• Kupweteka pachifuwa ndi kuvutika kupuma
• Kumva kutopa kwambiri (Kutopa)
• Malungo ndi thukuta kwambiri
• Kupweteka mutu kapena minofu
• Matuza kapena matuza oyabwa
• Chilonda cha pakhungu chokhala ndi banga lakuda pakati
• Kusanza ndi kusanza, kupweteka m'mimba, ndi kutsegula m'mimba komwe kumatuluka magazi
• Ma lymph nodes otupa

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa matenda a anthrax?

Monga tanenera kale, matenda a anthrax amayamba chifukwa cha bakiteriya wotchedwa Bacillus anthracis . Bakiteriyayi imapanga tinthu tomwe timakhala m'nthaka kwa zaka zambiri. Nyama zakuthengo monga nswala, ndi nyama za pafamu monga ng'ombe ndi nkhosa zimatha kupuma kapena kudya tinthu tomwe timakhala togona tikakhala pa udzu.

Taganizirani, zili ngati mbewu. Palibe chomwe chimachitika bola ngati chili m'nthaka, koma chikapeza madzi ndi michere, chimamera.

Akasakanikirana ndi madzi a m'thupi la nyama, mabakiteriya a anthrax amayamba kugwira ntchito, amachulukana, ndikufalikira m'thupi lonse. Mabakiteriyawa amayambitsa poizoni, nthawi zina amapha . Njira yomweyi imachitikanso mwa anthu ngati tinthu tating'onoting'ono timeneti tapumidwa, tamezedwa, kapena takhudzana ndi khungu.

Kodi matenda a anthrax ndi opatsirana?

Funso limene anthu ambiri amafunsa ndi ili. Anthrax si matenda omwe amafalikira mosavuta kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina monga nsabwe kapena chimfine. Izi zikutanthauza kuti simungathe kuwatenga mukakhala pafupi ndi munthu amene ali ndi anthrax. Komabe, nthawi zambiri , ngati mutakumana ndi chilonda cha anthrax pakhungu la munthu, mutha kukhala ndi anthrax pakhungu. Koma izi sizichitika kawirikawiri.

Ndani ali pachiopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a anthrax?

Anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a anthrax kuposa ena. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Alimi ndi anthu ogwira ntchito ndi ziweto
• Asilikali ndi alendo oyenda kumayiko omwe anthrax ndi yofala kwambiri
• Asayansi ndi ogwira ntchito ku labotale akufufuza za kachilomboka
• Madokotala a ziweto akuchiza ziweto zodwala
• Antchito m'mafakitale a ubweya, malo opaka zikopa, ndi malo ophera ziweto
• Anthu omwe amapanga ng'oma pogwiritsa ntchito zikopa za nyama
• Anthu omwe amabaya mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga heroin

Kodi mavuto omwe angakhalepo chifukwa cha matenda a anthrax ndi ati?

Anthrax ikhoza kupha ngati sichithandizidwe bwino . Mavuto amasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa anthrax:

• Matenda a anthrax m'matupi: Anthu ambiri amachira akalandira chithandizo. Ngati salandira chithandizo, pafupifupi 20% ya omwe ali ndi matendawa amatha kufa.
• Anthrax ya m'mimba: Anthu pafupifupi 60% amachira akalandira chithandizo. Popanda chithandizo, anthu oposa theka la omwe ali ndi matendawa amafa. Mtundu uwu ungayambitsenso matenda oopsa otchedwa meningoencephalitis, omwe ndi kutupa kwa ubongo ndi msana .
• Kupuma anthrax: Ngakhale atalandira chithandizo, pafupifupi 55% yokha ya anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka amachira. Ngati sanalandire chithandizo, chiwerengerochi chimatsika kufika pa 15%. Imeneyi ndi nkhani yoopsa kwambiri.

Kodi matenda a anthrax amawapeza bwanji?

Kutengera ndi zizindikiro zanu ndi mtundu wa anthrax yomwe muli nayo, dokotala wanu angachite chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi:

• Kujambula khungu la chilonda (kutenga chidutswa chaching'ono cha khungu kuchokera ku chilonda)
• Kuyezetsa magazi
• X-ray pachifuwa
• Kujambula kwa CT (Kujambula kwa kompyuta - Kujambula kwa CT)
• Kuyezetsa ndowe kapena ntchofu m'chipatala
• Kuboola msana / kupopera msana

Kodi mankhwala a anthrax ndi otani?

Mitundu yambiri ya anthrax imayankha bwino mukalandira chithandizo. Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwina mwadwala matenda a anthrax, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Ngati chithandizo chayamba msanga, matendawa amatha kulephereka.

Njira zochiritsira matenda a anthrax ndi izi:

• Mankhwala Opha Mabakiteriya: Mankhwala opha mabakiteriya, omwe angatengedwe pakamwa, kubayidwa jakisoni, kapena kuperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha, amalimbana ndi matenda. Mungafunike kumwa mankhwala opha mabakiteriya kwa masiku 60. Mankhwala opha mabakiteriya omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ciprofloxacin (Cipro®) ndi doxycycline (Doryx®) .
• Mankhwala Oletsa Kutupa: Awa ndi mankhwala obayidwa jakisoni omwe amathetsa poizoni wa anthrax m'thupi. Nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa limodzi ndi maantibayotiki.
• Katemera: BioThrax®, katemera woteteza matenda a anthrax, imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka. Mlingo wa katemera umaperekedwa katatu kwa milungu inayi. Maantibayotiki amaperekedwanso nthawi imodzi.

Kodi mungadziteteze bwanji ku matenda a anthrax?

Katemera wa anthrax ndi wothandiza pafupifupi 90% popewa matenda . Komabe, amaperekedwa kwa anthu azaka zapakati pa 18 ndi 65 okha omwe amagwira ntchito zoopsa kwambiri. Izi zikutanthauza alimi, ogwira ntchito za ziweto, asilikali, anthu omwe amafufuza mabakiteriya, ndi madokotala a ziweto. Mlingo wa katemerayu umaperekedwa kwa miyezi 18. Pambuyo pake, jakisoni wowonjezera amaperekedwa kamodzi pachaka.

Ngati mwapeza kuti mwadwala matenda a anthrax, katemerayu angathandizenso kuletsa matendawa.

Ku United States, m'madera omwe matenda a anthrax amapezeka kwambiri, monga ku Texas, nyama zomwe zimadya msipu zimapatsidwa katemera wapadera wa anthrax.

Chofunika: Katemera wa anthrax uyu saperekedwa kwa anthu onse.

Ngati mukupita kudera lomwe matenda a anthrax amapezeka kwambiri, dziwani izi:

• Musadye nyama yaiwisi kapena yosaphikidwa bwino.
• Musakhudze kapena kugula zikumbutso zopangidwa ndi zikopa za nyama kapena ubweya.
• Musakhudze kapena kudyetsa ziweto.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire matenda a anthrax? (Zomwe zimachitika nthawi yayitali)

Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwina munadwalapo matenda a anthrax, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo ndipo yambani mankhwala opha maantibayotiki kapena mankhwala ena. Matenda a anthrax amatha kupha ngati sanachiritsidwe. Chithandizo chachangu chingalepheretse matenda oopsa komanso zizindikiro zoopsa zomwe zingakupheni ndikuwonjezera mwayi wanu wochira kwathunthu.

Ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala nthawi yanji?

Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwadwala matenda a anthrax ndipo muli ndi zizindikiro izi, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo:

• Kutsokomola magazi (Magazi m'magazi otuluka m'mapapo)
• Magazi mu kusanza kapena chopondapo
• Kupweteka pachifuwa
• Kuvuta kupuma
• Kutsegula m'mimba
• Malungo
• Kupweteka kwambiri m'mimba

Ngati ndili ndi anthrax, ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala?

Ngati muli ndi matenda a anthrax, mungafune kufunsa dokotala wanu mafunso awa:

• Kodi ndinadwala bwanji matenda a anthrax?
• Kodi ndili ndi mtundu wanji wa anthrax?
• Kodi chithandizo chabwino kwambiri kwa ine ndi chiti?
• Kodi ndingapeze katemera wa anthrax?
• Kodi ndingatani kuti ndipewe matenda a anthrax kuti asabwerenso?
• Kodi banja langa lili pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda a anthrax?
• Kodi ndiyenera kudziwa za mavuto?

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira

Matenda a anthrax si matenda ofala kwambiri ku Sri Lanka. Komabe, anthu ogwira ntchito zina ndi omwe akupita kumayiko osatukuka ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga kachilomboka. Ngati mumagwira ntchito m'dera lomwe lili pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotere, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za katemera wa anthrax.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti matenda a anthrax athe kuchiritsidwa ngati atachiritsidwa mwachangu. Kupuma anthrax ndi koopsa pang'ono komanso kovuta kuchiza. Ichi ndichifukwa chake imaonedwa ngati chiwopsezo cha uchigawenga.

Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena okhudza izi, musazengereze kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino!

Anthrax , Bacillus anthracis, spores, matenda opatsirana, anthrax ya khungu, anthrax yopumira, maantibayotiki