Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani m'mapapo mwanu? Tiyeni tikambirane za bronchoscopy!

Kodi nthawi zina mumakhala ndi chifuwa chosatha, kuvutika kupuma, kapena magazi pang'ono m'chifuwa chanu mukamatsokomola? Pa nthawi yotere, mukapita kukaonana ndi dokotala, ngati akukuuzani kuti "muchite bronchoscopy", mungamve mantha pang'ono, sichoncho? Ndiye, bronchoscopy iyi ndi chiyani? Nchifukwa chiyani imachitidwa? Kodi imapweteka ikachitidwa? Lero, tikambirana mayankho a mafunso ambiri omwe muli nawo m'nkhaniyi. Palibe chifukwa choopera, izi sizovuta monga momwe anthu ambiri amaganizira.

Kodi njira yofufuzira matenda a bronchoscopy ndi chiyani mwachidule?

Mwachidule, bronchoscopy ndi njira yomwe chubu chopyapyala chokhala ndi kamera kakang'ono (bronchoscope) chimalowetsedwa mu mphuno yanu (trachea) ndi mapapo. Zili ngati endoscopy, yomwe imayang'ana m'mimba mwanu, koma iyi ndi ya mapapo anu. Kamera ndi kuwala kumapeto kwa chubu ichi zimathandiza dokotala kuwona bwino mkati mwa njira zanu zopumira. Izi zingathandize kuzindikira, kuwunika, komanso nthawi zina kuchiza matenda ena a mapapo.

Monga momwe chitoliro cha madzi m'nyumba mwathu chikatsekeka, timayika waya waung'ono n'kuuyang'ana. Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito chipangizochi kuti aone zomwe zikuchitika m'mapapo.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya machubu a bronchoscope:

• Bronchoscope Yosinthasintha: Iyi ndi njira yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Ndi yosinthasintha, ngati chubu cha rabara, kotero imatha kuperekedwa mosavuta kudzera mu mpweya. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga mpweya wotseguka, kutenga chitsanzo cha minofu (biopsy), ndikutulutsa zinthu monga ntchofu.
• Bronchoscope Yolimba: Iyi ndi chubu cholimba komanso chokhuthala. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati pali chotseka chachikulu munjira yolowera mpweya, kapena pa njira zovuta kwambiri monga kuyika stent, kuchiza zotupa, kapena kuletsa kutuluka magazi.

Kodi bronchoscopy imapeza chiyani?

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe dokotala angakupempheni kuti muyesedwe. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili:

• Dziwani matenda a m'mapapo: Pezani chomwe chimayambitsa zizindikiro zanu, monga chifuwa chosatha, kutsokomola magazi, ndi kupuma movutikira.
• Pambuyo pa X-ray kapena CT scan: Izi zimachitika kuti zifufuze bwino ngati pali chinthu chachilendo chomwe chikuwoneka pa X-ray kapena CT scan yanu, monga zizindikiro za khansa.
• Zotsekereza njira yolowera mpweya: Yesani kuona ngati pali zotsekereza ndi zotsekereza m'njira yolowera mpweya ndipo zichotseni kapena zichiritseni.
• Dziwani matenda kapena kutupa: Dziwani chomwe chimayambitsa matenda kapena kutupa m'mapapo.
• Tengani chitsanzo: Tengani chitsanzo cha ntchofu kapena minofu (biopsy) ndikutumiza kuti akayesedwe mu labu. Izi zithandiza kudziwa bwino lomwe matendawo.
• Ikani stent: Nthawi zina njira iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito poika chubu chaching'ono (stent) kuti mpweya ukhale wotseguka ngati wachepa.

Tangoganizirani, chifuwa cha azakhali athu Kamala sichinathe kwa miyezi ingapo. Anakhosomola magazi pang'ono. Atajambula X-ray, panali kadontho kakang'ono m'mapapo mwake. Kenako dokotala anati tichite bronchoscopy, ndipo pamenepo tinatha kudziwa chomwe chinali cholakwika.

Kodi ndiyenera kukonzekera bwanji izi?

Dokotala wanu kapena namwino wanu adzakupatsani malangizo enieni a momwe mungakonzekere musanachite mayesowa. Koma kawirikawiri, nazi zina zomwe muyenera kuchita:

• Kusala Kudya: Ndi bwino kusadya kapena kumwa chilichonse kwa maola angapo mayeso asanayambe. Nthawi zambiri pamatenga pafupifupi maola 6 mpaka 8.
• Kusiya mankhwala ena: Mungapemphedwe kuti musiye kumwa mankhwala ena, monga mankhwala ochepetsa magazi (monga aspirin, warfarin), kapena mankhwala a shuga, kwa masiku angapo. Ndikofunikira kuuza dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse, mavitamini, ndi mankhwala azitsamba omwe mukumwa.
• Munthu woti akuyendetseni kunyumba: Mudzapatsidwa mankhwala ochepetsa ululu kuti akupangitseni kugona panthawi yoyezetsa, kotero simudzatha kuyendetsa galimoto mukamaliza kuyezetsa. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kubweretsa munthu woti akuyendetseni kunyumba.

Kodi ndikufunika CT scan ndisanachite bronchoscopy?

Pokhapokha ngati pakufunika thandizo ladzidzidzi, dokotala wanu nthawi zambiri amalamula kuti mapapo anu ayesedwe ndi CT scan (Computed Tomography scan) musanachite bronchoscopy. CT scan ingathandize dokotala wanu kudziwa ngati bronchoscopy ndi yofunika, kapena ngati pali madera ena omwe akufunika kufufuzidwa.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pa nthawi ya bronchoscopy?

Kuyezetsa kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumachitika ndi dokotala wa matenda a m'mapapo kuchipatala kapena m'chipinda chochitira opaleshoni. Nthawi zambiri, kumachitika kuchipatala chakunja. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mutha kupita kunyumba tsiku lomwelo mutayezetsa.

Mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oti akupatseni tulo komanso kuti mukhale omasuka. Ngati mukuchitidwa opaleshoni yolimba ya bronchoscopy kapena biopsy, mutha kupatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mudzakhala ogona kwambiri kotero kuti simudzamva chilichonse. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mtundu wa mankhwala oletsa ululu omwe mudzapatsidwe.

Bronchoscopy nthawi zambiri imachitika motere:

1. Saline : Chubu chaching'ono (IV line) chimayikidwa mu mtsempha womwe uli m'dzanja lanu ndipo mankhwala amaperekedwa kudzera mmenemo kuti mumve bwino komanso mukugona.

2. Kugona pabedi: Kugona pabedi mutu uli mmwamba pang'ono.

3. Pukutani mpaka dzanzi litayamba kuonekera:Mankhwala opopera mano amapakidwa pakamwa panu (mwina mphuno yanu) ndi pakhosi. Izi zichepetsa kusasangalala komwe mumamva mukalowetsa chubu.

4. Kuyika bronchoscope: Mukamaliza kupatsidwa mankhwala oletsa kugona komanso kugona, dokotala adzayika bronchoscope pang'onopang'ono kudzera mu mphuno kapena pakamwa panu, kapena kudzera mu chubu chomwe chimayikidwa panthawiyo ngati mwapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa kugona, mu mphuno yanu kenako m'mapapo anu.

5. Kuchotsa malovu: Popeza simungathe kumeza, malovu omwe amasonkhana mkamwa mwanu akhoza kuchotsedwa ndi chubu chaching'ono.

6. Kuchotsa bronchoscope: Dokotala akamaliza kufufuza, amachotsa chubu pang'onopang'ono.

7. Kuyang'aniridwa: Ogwira ntchito zachipatala adzakusamalirani mpaka mutachira.

Kodi mumagona tulo tofa nato pamene mukuchita izi?

Nthawi zambiri mumakhala ndi tulo tofa nato, ndipo mwina mungagone. Izi zimadalira mtundu wa bronchoscopy yomwe mukuchita komanso zomwe dokotala akufuna. Anthu ambiri amachita izi pansi pa anesthesia wamba. Mayeso ena ang'onoang'ono amatha kuchitidwa ndi anesthesia wamba.

Kodi bronchoscopy imatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Nthawi zambiri zimatenga mphindi 30 mpaka 90. Nthawi yeniyeni yomwe zimatenga imadalira chifukwa chomwe dokotala akuchichitira.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa mayeso?

Monga tanenera kale, iyi ndi njira yochizira matenda akunja, kotero simuyenera kukhala m'chipatala. Mutha kupita kunyumba pasanathe maola angapo mutalandira mankhwala.

Gulu la azachipatala lidzakuyang'anirani kwakanthawi kuti lione ngati mukupuma komanso mukumeza bwino. Dokotala angasankhenso kukujambulani X-ray pachifuwa mutamaliza kuyezetsa kuti aone ngati pali vuto lililonse.

Pakhosi panu padzakhala dzanzi kwa ola limodzi. Mungakhale ndi pakhosi lopweteka, chifuwa, komanso mawu opweteka kwa maola 24 otsatira. Madontho a chifuwa angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochepetsa ululu pakhosi. Anthu ambiri amatha kubwerera ku zochita zawo zachizolowezi tsiku lotsatira. Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani ngati muyenera kuchepetsa zochita zanu.

Gulu la azachipatala lidzakudziwitsani nthawi yomwe mungayembekezere zotsatira za mayeso komanso nthawi yomwe muyenera kubwerera kukaonana ndi dokotala.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire?

Muyenera kukhala m'chipinda chochiritsira odwala kwa mphindi zosachepera 45, mwina kupitirira apo, mpaka mutakhala kuti tulo sitikuthanso ndipo zizindikiro zanu zofunika (monga kupuma ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi) zibwerere mwakale. Panthawiyi, ogwira ntchito zachipatala adzakuyang'anirani mosamala kuti aone ngati muli ndi zotsatirapo zachilendo mutayesedwa.

Kodi ndingathe kudya ndi kumwa pambuyo pa mayeso?

Musadye kapena kumwa chilichonse mpaka dzanzi la pakhosi panu litatheratu (zomwe zingatenge ola limodzi). Dzanzi likatha, imwani madzi kaye, kenako yambani ndi zakudya zopanda thanzi monga phala ndi yogurt.Ngati mudya kapena kumwa mofulumira kwambiri, chakudya ndi chakumwacho zimatha kulowa m'mapapo mwanu (aspirate) kapena mutha kusowa chochita.

Kodi mavuto omwe angakhalepo chifukwa cha bronchoscopy ndi ati?

Bronchoscopy ndi njira yotetezeka kwambiri, koma pali zoopsa zochepa kwambiri, monga:

• Bowo munjira yopumira mpweya.
• Kuwonongeka kapena kutupa kwa zingwe za mawu.
• Pneumothorax.

Kawirikawiri, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito bronchoscope yosinthasintha chifukwa imatha kutsogozedwa mosavuta kudzera m'njira zopumira ndipo imatha kufika m'malo ang'onoang'ono a mapapo. Komabe, nthawi zina, bronchoscope yolimba imafunika.

Musanachite mayesowa, kambiranani ndi dokotala wanu za zoopsa zake komanso ngati muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha mavuto.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti zotsatira za bronchoscopy zibwerere?

Funsani gulu lanu lachipatala nthawi yomwe mudzalandira zotsatira. Ngati biopsy idatengedwa panthawi yoyezetsa, zotsatira zake ziyenera kupezeka mkati mwa sabata imodzi. Kutengera mtundu wa mayeso, zotsatira zake zitha kupezeka posachedwa kapena mtsogolo.

Dokotala wanu adzagwiritsa ntchito zotsatirazi kuti asankhe njira zochiritsira zotsatira. Izi zitha kusiyana malinga ndi munthu aliyense, kutengera zomwe zidapezeka panthawi ya bronchoscopy.

Ndiyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanga liti?

Mukamaliza kuyezetsa, muyenera kuyimbira dokotala nthawi yomweyo ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro izi. Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za matenda, mapapo osweka, kapena vuto lina:

• Kupweteka pachifuwa.
• Kuvuta kupuma.
• Malungo osalekeza.
• Kutsokomola kosalekeza kapena kutsokomola magazi.
• Zizindikiro za chibayo (monga kutentha thupi kwambiri, kupweteka pachifuwa, mphuno yotuluka madzi).

Pomaliza, kumbukirani izi (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Kuyeza kwa bronchoscopy si chinthu choopsa. Ndi mayeso otetezeka omwe amathandiza kupeza mavuto m'mapapo ndi m'njira zopumira. Nthawi zina angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza. Amachitikira kuchipatala, komwe kachubu kakang'ono kamalowetsedwa m'mapapo. Ngati dokotala wanu akukuuzani kuti muchite mayesowa, adzakuuzani zambiri za momwe mungakonzekerere. Ngati muli ndi mafunso aliwonse, musazengereze kufunsa dokotala wanu. Thanzi lanu ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri!

Kuyeza kwa bronchoscopy, kuyezetsa mapapo, matenda opumira, biopsy, stent, mapapo, chifuwa