Mitsempha yamagazi yaying'ono kwambiri m'thupi lathu: Zonse zokhudza mitsempha yamagazi yopitilira!

Kodi munayamba mwaganizirapo za mitsempha yaing'ono yamagazi mkati mwa matupi athu? Monga momwe zilili ndi misewu yaying'ono yomwe ili m'dziko lonselo, iyi ndi yomwe imanyamula zakudya ndi mpweya kupita ku maselo athu. Mitsempha yamagazi ndi imodzi mwa mitsempha yamagazi yofunika kwambiri. Pakati pa mitsempha iyi, lero tikambirana za mtundu wa mitsempha yamagazi yodziwika bwino komanso yapadera, "Continuous Capillaries". Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mosavuta, m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi 'Continuous Capillaries' awa ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, ma capillaries opitilira ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa ma capillary m'thupi lathu. Monga mitsempha ina yamagazi, ali ndi mtundu wapadera wa selo wotchedwa endothelial cells. Amatchedwa "continuous" chifukwa maselowo amakhala pafupi kwambiri, pafupifupi motsatizana, opanda mipata. Izi zikutanthauza kuti palibe mipata yayikulu pakhoma, ndipo maselowo amalumikizana mosalekeza.

Taganizirani motere, awa ndi mitsempha yamagazi yaying'ono kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Awa ndi omwe amanyamula magazi, zakudya, ndi mpweya kupita ku maselo athu. Awa ndi magulu ang'onoang'ono kwambiri m'mitsempha yathu yamagazi.

Kodi pali mitundu ya mitsempha yopitilira?

Inde, pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya mitsempha yopitilira iyi. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.

1. Mitsempha yamagazi yosapitirira yopanda mpweya:

Mitundu iyi ya mitsempha yamagazi ili ndi mabowo ang'onoang'ono, kapena mipata yamkati mwa maselo, pakati pa maselo a endothelial omwe amapanga makoma. Mabowo awa ndi ang'onoang'ono kwambiri kotero kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokha monga madzi, shuga, mahomoni, ndi mpweya ndi omwe amatha kudutsa. Amagwira ntchito ngati zipata zomwe zimangolowetsa zinthu zina. Timawona mitundu iyi ya mitsempha yamagazi m'mitsempha yathu, pakhungu, ndi m'mapapo .

2. Mitsempha yamagazi yokhazikika:

Mitundu iyi ya mitsempha yamagazi ili ndi mipata ikuluikulu, monga mawindo ang'onoang'ono ('mafenestrations'), pakati pa maselo. Chifukwa cha "mawindo" awa, zakudya ndi zinthu zina m'magazi zimatha kuyenda mofulumira kwambiri . Zili ngati malo otanganidwa osinthira zinthu. Zimapezeka makamaka mu impso zathu, m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono, ndi m'matumbo a endocrine . Chifukwa ziwalo izi zimafunikira kusinthana zinthu mwachangu.

Kuwonjezera pa mitundu iwiriyi, palinso mtundu wina wotchedwa ``Sinusoidal capillaries``. Koma si wopitirira, ali ndi mipata ndi mabowo akuluakulu. Izi zitha kuwoneka m'malo monga chiwindi, ndulu, lymph nodes, ndi mafupa. Koma lero tikuyang'ana kwambiri pa mitsempha yopitirira.

Kodi ntchito ya mitsempha yokhazikika ndi yotani?

Ma capillaries ang'onoang'ono amenewa, osalekeza, ndi omwe amalumikiza mitsempha ndi mitsempha ya dongosolo lathu lozungulira magazi.Taganizirani izi motere: mitsempha yamagazi ili ngati misewu ikuluikulu yomwe imanyamula magazi oyera, okhala ndi mpweya kuchokera mumtima kupita ku thupi lonse. Mitsempha ndi misewu yomwe imanyamula magazi ogwiritsidwa ntchito kale, opanda mpweya, odzaza ndi zinyalala kubwerera kumtima. Pakati pa misewu ikuluikulu iwiriyi, mitsempha yamagazi iyi ndi misewu yaying'ono yam'mbali yomwe imalola kuti zinthu zisinthidwe pamlingo wa maselo.

Ntchito yawo yaikulu ndi kuthandiza kusonkhanitsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana m'thupi kupita nazo m'magazi ndikuzichotsa m'magazi ndikuzipereka ku ziwalo . Zili ngati ntchito yotumizira.

Kodi izi zimathandiza bwanji ziwalo zina?

Mitsempha yamagazi yosalekeza imathandizira ziwalo ndi machitidwe ambiri ofunikira m'thupi lathu. Tiyeni tiwone momwe izi zingachitikire:

• Ubongo: Mu ubongo, mitsempha yamagazi iyi imasonkhana pamodzi kuti ipange chotchinga chapadera choteteza, chotchedwa ``chotchinga magazi ndi ubongo.'' Izi zimaletsa zinthu zovulaza kulowa mu ubongo.
• Dongosolo la Endocrine: Mahomoni ndi mankhwala omwe amalamulira ntchito zosiyanasiyana m'thupi lathu. Mahomoni amenewa amaperekedwa ku ziwalo zoyenera kudzera m'mitsempha yamagazi iyi.
• Impso: Ma capillaries apadera mu impso (peritubular capillaries) amathandiza kusefa magazi, kupanga mkodzo, ndikuyamwanso zinthu monga sodium ndi madzi kubwerera m'thupi.
• Mapapo: Tikamapuma, mpweya umene timapuma umawonjezeredwa m'magazi ndipo mpweya wa carbon dioxide m'magazi umachotsedwa kudzera m'mitsempha yamagazi m'mapapo.
• Matumbo ang'onoang'ono: Tikamaliza kugaya chakudya chomwe timadya, mitsempha yamagazi imeneyi imathandiza maselo athu kuyamwa michere kuchokera mmenemo.

Kodi pali ubale wotani pakati pa mitsempha yamagazi ndi chotchinga cha magazi ndi ubongo?

Ichi ndi chinthu chapadera kwambiri. Chotchinga cha magazi ndi ubongo chomwe chimateteza ubongo wathu chimapangidwa ndi mitsempha yamagazi yopanda mpweya yomwe tidakambirana kale. Mitsempha iyi imasankha kwambiri polola zinthu kulowa mu ubongo. Imangolola zinthu zofunika monga madzi ndi mpweya kudutsa kuchokera m'magazi kupita ku ubongo, pomwe imaletsa poizoni ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda kulowa mu ubongo . Ili ngati chitseko chotetezeka cha ubongo. Izi zimateteza ubongo ku ngozi ndi matenda.

Kodi mawonekedwe a mitsempha yozungulira yamagazi ndi otani?

Taganizirani za kukula kwa mitsempha yamagazi imeneyi! Nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi maikulomita 8 mpaka 10 okha m'mimba mwake. Mikulomita imodzi ndi chikwi chimodzi cha milimita (0.001 mm). M'lifupi mwake ndi pafupifupi thonje losambitsira! Maselo athu ofiira a magazi ayenera kuyenda m'mitsempha iyi molunjika , ndi momwe amakhalira ofewa.

Ma capillaries osalekeza awa amapangidwa makamaka ndi magawo atatu:

1. Maselo a m'mimba: Awa ndi maselo akuluakulu omwe amapanga makoma a mitsempha yamagazi. Ali ngati gawo la maselo lomwe lili mkati mwa chubu.

2. Nembanemba ya pansi: Iyi ndi gawo losalekeza la minofu ya maselo yomwe imathandizira maselo a endothelial.

3. Ma Pericytes:Awa ndi maselo omwe ali kunja kwa makoma a capillary. Maselo amenewa amatha kufooka, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amatha kufooka. Izi zimathandizanso kuti azitha kuyendetsa bwino magazi.

Ndi matenda ati omwe angachitike okhudzana ndi mitsempha iyi yamagazi?

Mwatsoka, mitsempha yaing'ono koma yofunika kwambiri iyi ingayambitse mavuto osiyanasiyana azaumoyo. Ena mwa iwo akhoza kukhala a majini, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amapatsiridwa kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo.

Matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha majini:

• Kusokonekera kwa mitsempha ya m'mitsempha (AVM): Pachifukwa ichi, mitsempha ya m'mitsempha ndi m'mitsempha ya muubongo kapena msana imasokonekera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi aziyenda kudzera m'mitsempha yamagazi.
• Capillary angiosarcoma: Mtundu wa khansa womwe umapezeka m'maselo a endothelial.
• Matenda a hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome): Ichi ndi matenda obadwa nawo a mitsempha yamagazi omwe amakula molakwika (telangiectases) ndipo amatha kuphulika.
• Kuwonongeka kwa macular: Kuwonongeka kwa gawo la retina mkati mwa diso. Izi zitha kuchitikanso chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha yamagazi.
• Matenda a Microcephaly-capillary malformation: Pa vutoli, makanda obadwa ndi mutu waung'ono kwambiri akhoza kukhala ndi mitsempha yotupa.

Matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha zinthu zomwe sizili za majini:

Izi si zachibadwa, koma zimatha kuchitika pazifukwa zina.

• Kusweka kwa mitsempha yamagazi: Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi yaying'ono yomwe ili pansi pa khungu. Izi nthawi zina zimachitika mukatsokomola kwambiri kapena kusanza.
• Matenda a Capillary leak: Izi zingayambitse kutsika kwadzidzidzi kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Nthawi zina, chithandizo chadzidzidzi chingafunike.
• Spider nevus (`Spider nevus` / `Spider angioma` / `Spider telangiectasia`): Mitsempha yaing'ono yamagazi yomwe imatuluka kuchokera pamalo amodzi, yofanana ndi miyendo ya kangaude. Izi zimawoneka kwambiri pankhope, pakhosi, ndi pachifuwa.
• Ma hemangioma a sitiroberi: Mitsempha yamagazi yofiira kwambiri, yokhala ndi magulu ang'onoang'ono imawonekera pamwamba pa khungu.
• Vasculitis: Kutupa kwa mitsempha yamagazi. Izi zingakhudzenso mitsempha yamagazi. Ngati izi zitachitika, mavuto monga kuphulika kapena kutsekeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi angachitike.

Kodi mavuto a mitsempha yamagazi yosalekeza angayambitse matenda ena akuluakulu?

Asayansi akufufuzabe izi, koma akukayikira kuti kuwonongeka kwina kwa magwiridwe antchito a mitsempha yopitilira kungakhale kogwirizana ndi matenda monga:

• Matenda a Alzheimer
• Stroke
• Matenda a mitsempha yamagazi

Kafukufuku wowonjezereka akufunika kuti mudziwe zambiri za izi.

Kodi timasamalira bwanji mitsempha yamagazi yaying'ono iyi?

Ndi udindo wathu kusamalira mitsempha yathu yamagazi, yomwe imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Nazi zinthu zosavuta zomwe mungachite:

• Ngati mukusuta, ganizirani zosiya . N'chimodzimodzinso ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangidwa ndi fodya.
• Zolowerani moyo wochita zinthu zolimbitsa thupi . Izi zikutanthauza zinthu monga kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi kuyenda.
• Yesetsani kukhala ndi kulemera koyenera .
• Samalani ndi kuchuluka kwa mowa womwe mumamwa.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za matenda aliwonse omwe angakhudze thanzi la mitsempha yanu yamagazi ndikuyiwongolera. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Matenda a shuga
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Cholesterol yambiri
• Kupsinjika maganizo

Izi zikalamuliridwa, zimathandizanso mitsempha yamagazi.

Kodi mungapewe bwanji kusweka kwa mitsempha yamagazi pankhope?

Vuto lomwe anthu ambiri ali nalo ndi mitsempha yaying'ono yofiira ngati ulusi yomwe imawonekera pansi pa khungu pankhope pawo. Nazi zina zomwe zingathandize kupewa kusweka kwa mitsempha iyi:

• Chepetsani kumwa mowa.
• Siyani kusuta.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto la khungu monga rosacea, lilandireni chithandizo choyenera.
• Mukapita padzuwa, gwiritsani ntchito mafuta oteteza khungu ku kuwala kwa UVA ndi UVB .
• Mukasamba nkhope yanu, sambani pang'onopang'ono komanso mofatsa, osapukuta mwamphamvu.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira

Kotero, mitsempha yamagazi yopitilira ndi netiweki ya mitsempha yamagazi yaying'ono kwambiri, koma yofunika kwambiri yomwe imanyamula magazi, zakudya, ndi mpweya kupita ku maselo athu. Monga taonera, pali mitundu iwiri ya izi (yopitirira kufalikira ndi yopitirira kufalikira) yokhala ndi ntchito zapadera.

Kumbukirani kuti mitsempha yaing'ono iyi imakhudza thanzi lathu lonse. Chifukwa chake, potsatira moyo wathanzi, mutha kusamalira bwino anzako aang'ono awa. Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena kukayikira pankhaniyi, musazengereze kulankhula ndi dokotala.

Ma capillaries, ma capillaries osalekeza, mitsempha yamagazi, kuyenda kwa magazi, thanzi, maselo a endothelial, chotchinga cha magazi ndi ubongo