Kodi munayamba mwajambulapo X-ray? Tiyeni tidziwe!

Tonse tamva za X-ray. Mwina inunso munayenera kutenga imodzi. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza ngati mwana wasweka mkono kapena mwendo atagwa, kapena mukapita kwa dokotala wa mano, kapena kupeza chomwe chimayambitsa matenda ena. Ndiye, ichi ndi chiyani kwenikweni, chimagwira ntchito bwanji, ndipo chingachiritse chiyani? Tiyeni tikambirane za izi lero.

Kodi X-ray ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, X-ray ndi mtundu wapadera wa radiation womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kujambula zithunzi za zinthu zomwe zili mkati mwa matupi athu. Zili ngati kujambula chithunzi ndi kamera, koma iyi imatenga chithunzi cha mkati mwa matupi athu. Nthawi zambiri, tikamaganizira za X-ray, timaganiza za chinthu chomwe chachitika kuti tipeze mafupa osweka kapena mavuto a mano athu. Komabe, zithunzi za X-ray izi zimathandiza madokotala kuzindikira mabala osiyanasiyana, matenda, ndi matenda ena.

Nthawi zambiri tikamanena kuti 'X-ray', timatanthauza 'radiograph yosavuta' yomwe imatenga chithunzi chimodzi chokha. Komabe, pali mayeso ena ambiri omwe amagwiritsa ntchito X-ray. Mwachitsanzo, mu CT scan, X-ray iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kujambula zithunzi zambiri, zomwe kenako zimaphatikizidwa ndi kompyuta kuti ipange chithunzi cha magawo atatu (3D). Komabe, lero tikulankhula makamaka za X-ray wamba, wa chithunzi chimodzi.

Kodi ndi mtundu wanji wa X-ray womwe umachitidwa ndi 'zopangira zosiyana'?

Ma X-ray ena amagwiritsa ntchito chinthu chotchedwa 'contrast material'. Ena amachitcha 'contrast agent' kapena 'dye'. Izi zimathandiza zinthu zina m'thupi lathu, monga mitsempha yamagazi, kuti ziwonekere bwino pachithunzi cha X-ray. Kumbukirani, nthawi zina zinthu mkati mwa matupi athu zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti X-ray isathe kuziona, ndipo nthawi yomweyo 'contrast material' iyi imakhala yothandiza.

'Zinthu zosiyanitsa' izi zitha kubwera ngati madzi, kapisozi, kapena piritsi. Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani izi X-ray isanaperekedwe. Kutengera mtundu wa X-ray yomwe ikuchitidwa, mutha kupatsidwa 'zinthu zosiyanitsa' izi m'njira imodzi mwa izi:

• Imwani pakamwa.
• Kudzera mu IV (kubaya jekeseni mumtsempha) kapena kubaya jekeseni mumadzimadzi a m'mitsempha yanu.
• Mwa kuiyika mu rectum yanu (enema).

Kodi ndi liti pamene tifunika X-ray?

Dokotala wanu akhoza kulamula kuti mutenge X-ray pazifukwa izi:

• Yang'anani ngati fupa lathyoka (kusweka): Ichi ndiye chifukwa chofala kwambiri. Ngakhale kugwa pang'ono kungasweke mkono kapena mwendo.
• Pezani chomwe chimayambitsa zizindikiro zanu, monga kupweteka ndi kutupa: Nthawi zina, X-ray ingathandize kupeza chomwe chimayambitsa ululu chomwe sichikudziwika bwino.
• Kufufuza ngati pali matenda m'mapapo:X-ray ya pachifuwa imatengedwa ngati pali vuto monga chifuwa chosatha kapena kupuma movutikira.
• Yang'anani zinthu zachilendo: Izi ndizothandiza ngati ana aang'ono angameze zinthu zazing'ono mwangozi, monga zoseweretsa zazing'ono.
• Yang'anani ngati pali mavuto m'mafupa, mafupa, kapena minofu yofewa.
• Konzani chithandizo ndikuwona momwe chikugwirira ntchito: Mwachitsanzo, onani momwe zinthu zilili musanachite opaleshoni komanso mutachita opaleshoni.

Kodi X-ray imasonyeza chiyani?

Zithunzi za X-ray zimatha kuwonetsa zinthu monga:

• Kutupa kwa mafupa monga nyamakazi.
• Mafupa osweka.
• Kusintha kwa mafupa kapena zolakwika.
• Ngati muli ndi ma disc a herniated msana wanu.
• Matenda, mwachitsanzo chibayo.
• Miyala ya impso.
• Scoliosis ndi kupindika kwina kwa msana.
• Mabowo a mano.
• Mitundu ina ya zotupa.

Koma ndikofunikira kukumbukira izi. Zolakwika zina zimatha kuwoneka pa X-ray, koma osati nthawi zonse. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ngakhale pali miyala ya impso kapena zotupa, sizingawonekere pa X-ray. Ichi ndichifukwa chake madokotala nthawi zina amalangiza mayeso ena (monga CT scan, MRI).

Kodi X-ray ingasonyeze khansa?

Ma X-ray nthawi zina amatha kusonyeza zizindikiro za khansa. Komabe, si njira yoyamba yomwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito pozindikira mitundu yambiri ya khansa kapena kutsimikizira kuti ndi khansa. Izi zili choncho chifukwa zotupa m'ziwalo zathu zimatha kukhala zazing'ono kwambiri, kapena zimatha kubisika ndi zinthu monga nthiti pa X-ray pachifuwa, kapena zimatha kusakanikirana ndi minofu yachibadwa ndipo sizimawoneka bwino. Chifukwa chake ngati akukayikira khansa, madokotala nthawi zambiri amachita mayeso ena, monga biopsy.

Kodi pali mitundu iti ya ma X-ray?

Pali mitundu ingapo ya ma X-ray omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kujambula zithunzi za ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi lathu. Mitundu ina yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi iyi:

• X-ray ya m'mimba: Izi zimathandiza madokotala kuona mbali zina za dongosolo lathu logaya chakudya ndi kuzindikira zinthu monga miyala ya impso ndi miyala ya chikhodzodzo. Tangoganizirani ngati mukumva kupweteka m'mimba, mungapemphedwe kuti mutenge X-ray ngati iyi.
• X-ray ya Mafupa: Izi zitha kuchitika ngati dokotala wanu akukayikira kuti mwasweka fupa, cholumikizira cha m'malo mwake, kapena matenda monga nyamakazi. Angathenso kufufuza khansa ya m'mafupa kapena matenda ena.
• X-ray ya pachifuwa: Dokotala wanu angakupatseni izi ngati muli ndi zizindikiro monga kupweteka pachifuwa, kupuma movutikira, kapena chifuwa. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pozindikira zinthu monga chibayo ndi chifuwa chachikulu (TB).
• X-ray ya mano: Dokotala wa mano nthawi zambiri amatenga ma X-ray awa kuti aone ngati mano ndi mkamwa mwanu zili ndi vuto.
• X-ray ya mutu: Izi zingathandize kufufuza ngati pali kusweka kwa chigaza chifukwa cha kuvulala kwa mutu, kapena matenda monga craniosynostosis omwe amakhudza momwe mafupa a chigaza amapangikira.
• X-ray ya msana: Dokotala angagwiritse ntchito izi kuti aone ngati pali kusweka kwa msana, ma disc omwe atuluka, ndi mavuto ena okhudzana ndi msana.

Kuwonjezera pa ma X-ray achizolowezi amenewa, palinso njira zina zojambulira zachipatala zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito ma X-ray angapo ndipo zimakonzedwa ndi kompyuta kuti zipange zithunzi zatsatanetsatane. Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo:

• Kusanthula kwa kuchuluka kwa mafupa (DXA).
• Kujambula kwa CT (CT scan - computed tomography).
• Fluoroscopy.
• Mammogram.

Kodi X-ray imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Ma X-ray amagwira ntchito potumiza kuwala kwa dzuwa kudzera m'matupi athu ndikupanga chithunzi pa chipangizo chowunikira cha X-ray chapafupi. Sitingathe kuwona kapena kumva kuwala kwa dzuwa kumeneku.

Pamene matabwa amenewa akudutsa m'thupi, mafupa, minofu yofewa, ndi zinthu zina zimayamwa kuwala mosiyana. Zinthu zokhuthala, monga mafupa, zimayamwa kuwala bwino, kotero zimaoneka zoyera kwambiri pachithunzichi. Kumbali ina, minofu yofewa, monga ziwalo ndi mapapo, siimayamwa kuwala, kotero imawoneka mumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya imvi pa X-ray. Malo okhala ndi mpweya (monga mapapo) amaoneka akuda.

Katswiri wa radiology adzayang'ana chithunzichi, kuwona ngati pali china chake chachilendo kapena chodetsa nkhawa, ndikulemba lipoti la dokotala yemwe adalamula X-ray.

Kodi tiyenera kukonzekera bwanji X-ray isanakwane?

Momwe mungakonzekerere zidzadalira mtundu wa X-ray yomwe mukujambula. Dokotala wanu angakufunseni kuti muchite zinthu monga:

• Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta odzola, mafuta odzola, kapena mafuta onunkhira. Izi zingapangitse mithunzi pa X-ray ndikupangitsa zotsatira zolakwika.
• Chotsani zinthu zachitsulo monga ndolo, mikanda, mapini a tsitsi, ndi zothandizira kumva. Chitsulo chingasokoneze X-ray, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zithunzi zisamveke bwino komanso kupereka zotsatira zolakwika.
• Pa ma X-ray ena, makamaka ngati zinthu zosiyanitsa zinthu zagwiritsidwa ntchito, mungapemphedwe kuti musiye kudya ndi kumwa kwa maola angapo musanayambe.
• Bwerani mutavala zovala zabwino, kapena valani diresi yoperekedwa ndi chipatala musanatenge X-ray.

Chofunika kwambiri ndi kuuza dokotala wanu za mbiri yanu ya thanzi, ziwengo zilizonse zomwe muli nazo, komanso mankhwala omwe mukumwa.

Makamaka, ngati muli ndi pakati, mukuganiza kuti mwina muli ndi pakati, kapena mukuyamwitsa, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu musanachite X-ray.

Ngati mukuchitidwa X-ray yokhala ndi zinthu zosiyanitsa, uzani dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi vuto la impso.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mukatenga X-ray?

Njira yeniyeniyo imadalira mtundu wa X-ray yomwe mwalandira. Kawirikawiri, akamajambula X-ray, katswiri wa ukadaulo kapena dokotala amachita izi:

• (Ngati pakufunika) Mankhwala osiyanitsa mitundu amaperekedwa kudzera mu jakisoni, enema, kapena kudzera pakamwa. Nthawi zina, utoto ukalowetsedwa mumtsempha, mungamve kutentha pang'ono. Anthu ena amatha kumva kukoma kwachitsulo mkamwa mwawo. Zotsatirapo izi zimatha pakangopita mphindi zochepa ndipo sizoyenera kuda nkhawa nazo.
• Mudzapemphedwa kukhala pampando, kuimirira, kapena kugona patebulo.
• Kale, nthawi zina munkaphimbidwa ndi chishango/epuloni yokhuthala kuti mudziteteze ku kuwala kosafunikira. Koma kafukufuku watsopano akusonyeza kuti izi sizikufunika ndi makina omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano, chifukwa kuwalako kumafika kumene kukufunika.
• Chigawo cha makina a X-ray (monga kamera) chimayikidwa pafupi ndi gawo la thupi lomwe likufunika kujambulidwa.
• Adzasuntha thupi lanu kapena ziwalo zanu m'malo osiyanasiyana ndikukupemphani kuti mukhale chete. Nthawi zina adzakupemphani kuti mugwire mpweya wanu kwa masekondi angapo kuti zithunzi zisawonekere bwino.

Nthawi zina ana aang'ono samakhala chete nthawi yayitali kuti amvetse bwino chithunzicho. Zikatero, dokotala angakulimbikitseni kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera (choletsa kapena choletsa kuyenda) kuti mwanayo akhale chete pamene akujambulidwa X-ray. Zipangizozi sizimapweteka kapena kuvulaza mwanayo. Zimangomuthandiza mwanayo kukhala chete ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nthawi zomwe zithunzizo ziyenera kujambulidwa.

Kodi chimachitika n’chiyani munthu akatenga X-ray?

Nthawi zambiri, palibe zoletsa zomwe mungachite mutatenga X-ray. Mutha kuchita zinthu zanu zatsiku ndi tsiku monga mwachizolowezi. Komabe, ngati mwapatsidwa mankhwala osiyanitsa mitundu, dokotala wanu angakupatseni malangizo apadera. Mwachitsanzo, mungauzidwe kuti mumwe madzi ambiri pambuyo pake. Izi zithandiza kuti utoto uchoke m'thupi lanu mwachangu.

Kodi pali zoopsa kapena zotsatirapo zilizonse za X-ray?

Ma X-ray nthawi zambiri amakhala otetezeka kwambiri, komanso amakhala ndi chiopsezo chochepaMayeso omwe ali nawo. Anthu ena angakumane ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa chifukwa cha utoto wosiyana. Zina mwa izi ndi izi:

• Kusanza kapena kusanza.
• Kupweteka m'mimba kapena kutsegula m'mimba.
• Mutu.

Pali chiopsezo chochepa kwambiri chokhala ndi vuto la ziwengo ku zinthu zosiyanitsa. Anthu omwe ali ndi ziwengo kapena mphumu ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi vuto la ziwengo ku utoto wosiyanitsa. Chifukwa chake, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za chiopsezo chokhala ndi vutoli. Ngati muwona zizindikiro zachilendo mutachitidwa X-ray yokhala ndi kusiyana, imbani dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Anthu ena angadandaule chifukwa ma X-ray amagwiritsa ntchito ma radiation (omwe amati amayambitsa khansa ndi mavuto ena azaumoyo kwa nthawi yayitali). Komabe, mukalandira X-ray wamba, mumangokumana ndi ma radiation ochepa kwambiri . Izi zikutanthauza kuti, si ochuluka kuposa kuchuluka kwa ma radiation omwe mumakumana nawo mwachibadwa m'moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku (background radiation). Mwachitsanzo:

• X-ray ya pachifuwa imakuwonetsani kuti muli ndi mphamvu yachilengedwe ya masiku pafupifupi 10.
• X-ray ya mano imakuwonetsani kuti muli ndi mphamvu yachilengedwe ya tsiku limodzi.

Dokotala angalimbikitse kuchitidwa X-ray pokhapokha ngati akuona kuti ubwino wake ndi woposa zoopsa zazing'ono.

X-ray pa mimba

Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa kuwala komwe munthu wamkulu amakumana nako kuchokera ku X-ray nthawi zambiri sikoopsa, kungakhale kovulaza mwana wosabadwayo (fetus). Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi pakati, kapena ngati mukukayikira kuti muli ndi pakati, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu kapena katswiri musanachite X-ray. Dokotala wanu angasankhe kuchita mayeso ena owonetsa omwe sakuphatikizapo kuwala, monga MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) kapena ultrasound scan. Pokhapokha ngati kuli kofunikira, X-ray ikhoza kuchitidwa kuti achepetse chiopsezo kwa mwana.

Kodi zotsatira za X-ray ndi ziti?

Katswiri wa radiology ndi dokotala amene amadziwa bwino matenda poyang'ana zithunzi monga X-ray ndi CT scans. Iye adzayang'ana X-ray yanu, kulemba zomwe mwapeza, ndikulemba lipoti. Angakulangizeninso kuti mupimidwenso ngati pakufunika kutero. Dokotala wanu adzalandira zithunzizo komanso zolemba za katswiri wa radiology. Iye adzawunikanso zithunzizo, kuwerenga lipotilo, ndikukudziwitsani ngati pali chilichonse chomwe chikukudetsani nkhawa.

Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti mupeze zotsatira za X-ray?

Zotsatira za X-ray ya mafupa nthawi zambiri zimakonzedwa mwachangu , makamaka pazochitika ngati zadzidzidzi.Koma nthawi yomwe imatenga kuti katswiri wa radiology awawunikenso ndikukupatsani lipoti imatha kusiyana malinga ndi chipatala komanso nthawi ndi nthawi. Dokotala angakuuzeni zotsatira zake atangotenga X-ray, kapena angawonetse mu zolemba zanu zamagetsi zaumoyo (ngakhale kuti njira iyi sikupezeka kulikonse ku Sri Lanka, imapezeka m'malo ena).

Mitundu ina ya X-ray (monga mayeso a GI okhala ndi kusiyana) ingatenge nthawi yayitali, mwina tsiku limodzi kapena awiri, kuti mupeze zotsatira. Ndibwino kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu za nthawi yomwe mungayembekezere kupeza zotsatira zanu.

Ngati zotsatira zake sizili bwino, kodi muchita chiyani kenako?

Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani ngati mukufuna kujambula zithunzi kapena mayeso ena. Si zinthu zonse zachilendo zomwe zimapezeka mwangozi zomwe zimakhala zoopsa. Ndipotu, zinthu zambiri zomwe zimapezeka mwangozi sizingayambitse nkhawa yaikulu. Komabe, ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa zokhudzana ndi zotsatira za X-ray, musaope kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu kuti muwafotokozere bwino.

Kodi ndiyenera kuyimbira dokotala liti?

Ngati munapatsidwa zinthu zosiyanitsa zinthu musanayesedwe X-ray, imbani dokotala nthawi yomweyo ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro izi:

• Kutupa pakhungu, ziphuphu, kapena kuyabwa kwambiri.
• Mutu (ngati uli woopsa kuposa masiku onse).
• Kusanza kapena kusanza (ngati sikutha).
• Kuvutika kupuma kapena kupuma movutikira, ngati mukumva kupsinjika pachifuwa.
• Ngati mukumva ngati nkhope yanu, milomo, kapena pakhosi panu patupa.

Zizindikirozi zingaonekere kwa tsiku limodzi kapena awiri mutatenga X-ray. Ndikofunikira kupeza upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo chifukwa izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za vuto la ziwengo.

Pomaliza, zinthu zofunika kwambiri kukumbukira

Ma X-ray ndi njira yakale kwambiri komanso yodalirika kwambiri yachipatala. Ngakhale kuti akhalapo kwa zaka pafupifupi 130, akadali ofunikira kwambiri chifukwa akugwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zapamwamba kwambiri chifukwa cha kafukufuku watsopano. Zithunzi za X-ray ndizomveka bwino kuposa kale, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ma radiation omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kochepa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, palibe chifukwa choopa kutenga X-ray mosafunikira.

Ma X-ray amalola madokotala kuona mwachangu ngati pali vuto lililonse m'thupi lanu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mutha kudziwa mwachangu ngati pali chilichonse chomwe chikufunika kuchiritsidwa kapena kuyezedwanso. Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza kuchitidwa X-ray kapena zotsatira zake, musaope kufunsa dokotala wanu, chabwino?

X -ray, X-ray, radiation, matenda, kusweka, zinthu zosiyana, mayeso azachipatala