Kodi magazi ndi chiyani? (Magazi) Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mwatsatanetsatane!

Kodi mukudziwa kuti magazi ndi chinthu chamtengo wapatali kwambiri m'thupi lathu, monga kasupe wa moyo, woyenda nthawi zonse ndipo umathandiza chilichonse m'thupi lanu kuti chigwire ntchito bwino? Ngakhale kuti magazi nthawi zambiri amakhala amadzimadzi, ndi okhuthala kuposa madzi chifukwa ali ndi maselo ndi mapuloteni. Kunena zoona, magazi amagwira ntchito yabwino kwambiri yosunga matupi athu athanzi.

Kodi n’chiyani kwenikweni chimachitika ndi magazi?

Magazi oyenda m'mitsempha yanu amachita ntchito yodabwitsa kwambiri. Tangoganizirani momwe zinthu zazing'onozi zingathandizire.

• Magazi amanyamula mpweya ndi zakudya m'thupi lonse .
• Mukavulala kwinakwake ndipo mukutuluka magazi, zimathandiza kuchepetsa kutuluka magazi mwa kupanga magazi oundana .
• Thupi lanu limalimbana mwamphamvu kuti lidziteteze ku majeremusi ndi mavairasi.
• Magazi amathandizanso kuchotsa zinyalala zosafunikira zomwe zimasonkhana m'thupi.
• Magazi ndi ofunikiranso pokonza kutentha kwa thupi lanu .

Kodi zigawo za magazi ndi ziti?

Mwachidule, pali magawo anayi akuluakulu a magazi. Chigawo chilichonse mwa izi chili ndi ntchito yakeyake.

1. Maselo ofiira a magazi

2. Maselo oyera a magazi

3. Mapulateleti

4. Madzi a m'magazi

Maselo ofiira a m'magazi ndi plasma amapanga magazi ambiri. Akaphatikizidwa, maselo oyera a m'magazi ndi ma platelet amapanga zosakwana 1% ya magazi anu. Nthawi zina kusakaniza kwa awiriwa kumatchedwa 'buffy coat'.

Kodi maselo ofiira a magazi (maselo ofiira a magazi) ndi chiyani?

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone maselo ofiira a magazi awa, kapena monga momwe madokotala amawatchulira, "Erythrocytes ." Magazi anu ambiri, pafupifupi 45%, amapangidwa ndi maselo ofiira a magazi awa.

• Maselo amenewa amapeza mtundu wofiira wosiyana ndi wa puloteni yotchedwa hemoglobin. Hemoglobini iyi imathandiza maselo ofiira kunyamula mpweya kupita nawo ku maselo ena kuti apeze mphamvu.
• Chodabwitsa n’chakuti maselo ofiira amenewa amatha kulowa m’mitsempha, m’mitsempha, ndi m’mitsempha yamagazi yabwino kwambiri ya dongosolo lanu lozungulira magazi.
• Koma maselo ofiira amenewa amakhala ndi moyo waufupi. Amakhala ndi moyo kwa masiku pafupifupi 120 ndipo amalowedwa m'malo ndi maselo atsopano.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ku maselo oyera a magazi (ma leukocyte)?

Maselo oyera a m'magazi, kapena `(Ma Leukocyte),` amapanga zosakwana 1% ya magazi anu. Koma iwo ndi asilikali akuluakulu a `(chitetezo chamthupi)` chanu. Mdani monga kachilombo, mabakiteriya, kapena maselo a khansa akaukira thupi, maselo oyera awa ndi omwe amathamangira kuwapeza ndikuwawononga. Maselo oyera a m'magazi amathanso kuyenda kuchokera ku mitsempha kupita ku minofu. Pali mitundu isanu ya maselo oyera awa:

• Ma Neutrophils: Izi zimapha mabakiteriya ndi bowa, komanso zimachotsa zinyalala kuchokera kunja.
• Ma Lymphocyte: Izi zikuphatikizapo maselo a T, maselo achilengedwe opha, ndi maselo a B. Amateteza ku matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi ndipo amapanga ma antibodies olimbana ndi matenda.
• Ma Basophil: Izi zimayankha ku zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo.
• Ma Eosinophils: Fufuzani ndi kuwononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi maselo a khansa, ndipo thandizani ma basophils kuti asamavutike ndi matenda.
• Ma monocytes: Kufunafuna ndi kuwononga mavairasi, mabakiteriya, bowa, ndi ma protozoa. Amachotsanso maselo owonongeka.

Udindo wa ma platelet (Thrombocytes)

Ngati imodzi mwa mitsempha yanu yawonongeka ndipo mukuyamba kutuluka magazi, chinthu choyamba chomwe chimabwera kudzathandiza ndi ma platelet awa (thrombocytes). Ma platelet amapanga magazi oundana, omwe amatseka mitsempha yamagazi yowonongeka ndikuletsa magazi ambiri kutuluka m'thupi.

• Izi zimapanga zosakwana 1% ya magazi anu, koma pali ma platelet zikwi makumi ambiri mu dontho limodzi la magazi anu.
• Amatchedwa "ma platelets" chifukwa cha momwe amagwirira ntchito m'magazi. Ma platelets ndi gawo lopepuka kwambiri la magazi. Amapangidwa ngati ma platelets, omamatira ku makoma a mitsempha yamagazi, komwe plasma ndi maselo ena amagazi amayendera.
• Ma platelet ali ndi mapuloteni omata omwe, monga Velcro®, amawathandiza kumamatira ku mitsempha yamagazi yosweka.

Kodi Plasma ndi chiyani?

Maselo anu ofiira a m'magazi, maselo oyera a m'magazi, ndi ma platelet onse amayandama mu plasma. Plasma ndi madzi achikasu omwe amapanga pafupifupi 55% ya magazi anu. Plasma ili ngati munthu wochita zinthu zambiri m'magazi anu, kuthandiza thupi lanu kuchita zinthu zambiri. Nazi zina zomwe plasma imachita:

• Zimathandiza magazi kuundana ndipo zimateteza ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
• Mahomoni amanyamula zakudya ndi mapuloteni kupita ku ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi ndipo amathandiza kusinthana kwa mpweya ndi carbon dioxide.
• Imachotsa zinyalala m'maselo ndikupita nazo ku chiwindi, mapapo, ndi impso kuti zikatayidwe.
• Kumasunga kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kuyenda kwa magazi m'thupi lanu.
• Zimalamulira kutentha kwa thupi mwa kuyamwa ndi kutulutsa kutentha.

Kodi mitundu ya magazi ndi iti?

Sitife tonsefe tili ndi mtundu wofanana wa magazi, sichoncho? Pali mitundu ikuluikulu inayi ya magazi. Mitundu iyi imasiyana kutengera ngati pali ma antigen enaake m'magazi kapena ayi. Ma antigen ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa chitetezo chamthupi chanu kuti chichitepo kanthu. Kudziwa mtundu wa magazi anu ndikofunikira kwambiri pakagwa ngozi.

Kodi magazi amapangidwa kuti? Kodi ali kuti m'thupi?

Magazi ndi chinthu chomwe chimayenda m'thupi lanu lonse. Koma magazi awa amayamba kupangika m'mafupa anu.Mafupa ali ndi mtundu wapadera wa maselo otchedwa ma stem cells. Ma stem cell amenewa amapanga ma trillions a maselo, kuphatikizapo ma blood cells. Ma blood cells amakula ndikukula mu fupa asanasonkhanitsidwe m'mitsempha ya magazi. Kodi sizodabwitsa? Magazi amapanga pafupifupi 8% ya kulemera kwa thupi lanu .

Kodi ndi matenda ati omwe amakhudza magazi?

Mwatsoka, magazi athu amathanso kudwala matenda osiyanasiyana. Pali magulu atatu akuluakulu a matenda omwe amakhudza magazi: khansa ya m'magazi, matenda omwe amakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa magazi (matenda a m'magazi), ndi atherosclerosis, matenda a mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi. Mwa awa, khansa ya m'magazi ndi matenda a m'magazi ndi omwe amakhudza kwambiri thanzi la magazi.

Khansa ya Magazi

Khansa ya m'magazi imachitika pamene chinachake chikusokoneza njira yopangira maselo a m'magazi m'thupi lanu. Mwa munthu amene ali ndi khansa ya m'magazi, maselo a m'magazi osazolowereka amakula ndikuchotsa maselo abwinobwino komanso athanzi m'magazi. Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya khansa ya m'magazi:

• Khansa ya m'magazi: Iyi ndi khansa ya m'magazi yofala kwambiri.
• Lymphoma: Iyi ndi khansa ya dongosolo lanu la lymphatic. Mafupa anu, omwe amapanga maselo a magazi, nawonso ndi gawo la dongosolo la lymphatic.
• Myeloma: Izi zimayambira mu fupa la m'mafupa ndipo zimakhudza maselo anu a m'magazi.

Matenda ena a magazi

Izi si matenda a khansa, koma zingayambitse kuti magawo osiyanasiyana a magazi anu asagwire ntchito yawo bwino. Izi zikuphatikizapo kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, matenda otsekeka magazi, ndi matenda otuluka magazi.

Matenda ena a magazi sangasonyeze zizindikiro zilizonse ndipo sangafunike chithandizo. Ena ndi matenda "osatha" omwe amafunikira chithandizo kwa moyo wonse, koma nthawi zambiri sakhudza nthawi yomwe munthu amakhala ndi moyo. Komabe, matenda ena a magazi ndi oopsa kwambiri ndipo akhoza kukhala oopsa kwa moyo.

Madokotala amachiritsa matenda a magazi awa mwa kulamulira zizindikiro ndi kuchiza chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa.

Matenda a magazi m'thupi

Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ndi vuto lofala kwambiri la magazi losakhala la khansa. Limachitika pamene thupi lanu lilibe maselo ofiira athanzi okwanira. Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi komwe kumachitika m'banja mwawo, koma kumathanso kuchitika pa moyo wawo wonse. Pali mitundu yambiri ya kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi. Ena mwa omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi awa:

• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi chifukwa cha kusowa kwa iron
• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi koopsa
• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi (sickle cell anemia)

Matenda Otsekereza Magazi

Matenda otsekeka magazi amakhudza ma platelet anu kapena zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kutsekeka kwa magazi. Zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kutsekeka kwa magazi ndi mapuloteni omwe ali m'magazi anu omwe amathandiza ma platelet kulamulira kutuluka kwa magazi. Mutha kukhala ndi vuto lotsekeka magazi mtsogolo, kapena mutha kulitengera kudzera mu vuto la majini.

Kusintha kwa majini a Prothrombin ndi Factor V Leiden syndrome ndi zitsanzo za matenda obadwa nawo okhudza magazi oundana. Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) ndi disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) ndi zitsanzo za matenda oundana magazi omwe amayamba pambuyo pake.

Matenda Otuluka Magazi

Matenda otuluka magazi amapezeka magazi anu akamauma bwino. Izi zingakupangitseni kutuluka magazi kwambiri kuposa momwe zimakhalira. Matenda a Von Willebrand ndi matenda ofala kwambiri otuluka magazi ku United States. Hemophilia ndi matenda ena osowa, obadwa nawo.

Magazi anu ndi chuma chamtengo wapatali kwambiri. Amasamalira thupi lanu nthawi zonse, kuthandiza chilichonse kuti chigwire ntchito bwino.

Chinthu chofunika kwambiri chomwe tingaphunzire kuchokera ku zonsezi (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Magazi anu ndi odabwitsa kwambiri, sichoncho? Amanyamula mpweya kupita ku maselo anu kuti apange mphamvu. Amateteza thupi lanu ku adani akunja. Amalamulira kutuluka magazi ngati mwavulala. Mutha kusamalira magazi anu, koma nthawi zina simungathe kupewa matenda omwe amakhudza magazi. Mwamwayi, madokotala masiku ano amatha kuchiza matenda ambiri oopsa a magazi, kuphatikizapo khansa ya m'magazi ndi matenda ena a magazi. Chifukwa chake, ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse m'magazi anu kapena zizindikiro zina zachilendo, ndibwino kufunafuna upangiri wachipatala nthawi yomweyo. Kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino, ndikofunikira kudziwa za madzi odabwitsa awa omwe ali m'thupi lathu.

Magazi , magazi, maselo ofiira a magazi, maselo oyera a magazi, ma platelet, plasma, matenda a magazi