Kamera yapadera yomwe imayang'ana mkati mwa thupi: Zonse zokhudza Kujambula Mankhwala a Nyukiliya!

Kodi munamvapo za mayeso otchedwa 'Nuclear Medicine Imaging'? Mwina munamvapo za mayesowa pamene dokotala wanu anakuuzani kuti muchite mayeso otere. Zimamveka zoopsa pang'ono mukamva dzinali, sichoncho? 'Nuclear' mukamanena choncho. Koma musadandaule, lero tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane, mu Chisinhala chomwe mungamvetse, komanso mosavuta. Monga kulankhula ndi mnzanu.

Kodi chithunzi cha mankhwala a nyukiliya ichi n'chiyani?

Mwachidule, iyi ndi njira yapadera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'ana ziwalo zomwe zili mkati mwa matupi athu. Koma mosiyana ndi ma scan ena, iyi ili ndi kusiyana pang'ono. Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika: Choyamba, mumapatsidwa 'radioactive tracer' yochepa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri imaperekedwa kudzera mu jakisoni mumtsempha. Nthawi zina imaperekedwa ngati chakumwa, kutengera mayeso omwe akuchitika. Iyi si mankhwala kapena madzi omwe amapaka utoto m'thupi, sichoncho? Izi zikaperekedwa, zimayenda m'magazi athu, zimapita ku chiwalo kapena minofu yomwe tikufuna kuifufuza, ndipo zimayikidwa pamenepo.

Kenako, mumayikidwa pansi pa kamera yapadera yotchedwa 'gamma camera', yomwe imazindikira kuwala kochepa komwe kumatuluka ndi chinthu chomwe chinayikidwa m'thupi lanu. Kamera iyi ndi yothandiza kwambiri. Chidziwitso cha kuwalako chimatumizidwa ku kompyuta ndikusandulika zithunzi zokongola. Zili ngati 'mapu' a chiwalo mkati mwa thupi lathu. Ndi poyang'ana zithunzizo zomwe madokotala amatha kupeza ngati pali vuto lililonse m'thupi lanu kapena ngati chiwalo chikugwira ntchito bwino.

Tsopano mwina mukuganiza kuti, 'O, radioactive, ndizoopsa, ziyenera kuti ndi zoipa pa thupi lanu.' Koma zoona zake n'zakuti, kuchuluka kwa radiation mu zinthu zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa uku ndi kochepa kwambiri . Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ndi kuchuluka komweko kwa radiation komwe nthawi zambiri timakumana nako tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo nthawi zina kochepa. Komanso, zinthuzi nthawi zambiri sizimayambitsa zotsatirapo zilizonse. Zinthuzi zimachotsedwa m'thupi pakapita nthawi. Choncho palibe chifukwa choopa mopanda chifukwa.

N’chifukwa chiyani tikufunika mtundu uwu wa mayeso (Nuclear Imaging Test)?

Eya, mayesowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pozindikira matenda osiyanasiyana. Nthawi zina amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza ndikuwona momwe chithandizo chomwe chilipo chilili chothandiza. Tangoganizirani momwe mayesowa angathandizire madokotala athu kupeza. Nazi zina mwa matenda ndi mikhalidwe yomwe mayesowa angazindikire:

• Matenda ena a magazi (monga mitundu ina ya kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, mavuto okhudza magazi kuundana).
• Matenda a chithokomiro, makamaka matenda monga hypothyroidism, komwe chithokomiro sichigwira ntchito bwino.
• Matenda a mtima (monga kuchepa kwa magazi kupita ku minofu ya mtima, kuwonongeka kwa mtima pambuyo pa matenda a mtima).
• Matenda a ndulu (monga cholecystitis, kutsekeka kwa ndulu).
• Mavuto a m'mapapo (monga magazi kuundana m'mapapo, kuchepa kwa ntchito ya mapapo).
• Mavuto okhudzana ndi mafupa, monga matenda a mafupa, kusweka kwa mafupa komwe sikungapezeke, komanso ngati maselo a khansa afalikira mpaka ku mafupa.
• Matenda a impso, mwachitsanzo, matenda a impso, zipsera, ndi kutsekeka kwa njira ya mkodzo.
• Dziwani mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya khansa ndikuwona momwe khansayo yafalikira (kugawa magawo).

Kuphatikiza pa izi, monga ndanenera kale, ukadaulo uwu wa "Nuclear Medicine Imaging" umagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa njira zochizira. Chitsanzo ndi njira yochizira ya "Radioimmunotherapy". Mu izi, radiation ndi immunotherapy zimaphatikizidwa, ndipo radiation imatumizidwa kudera lomwe likufunidwa, monga maselo a khansa, kuti ithandizidwe. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuwonongeka kwa maselo athanzi kungachepe.

Kodi kusiyana kwa izi ndi mayeso ena a radiologic ndi kotani?

Funso ili ndi lofunika kwambiri kuti mumvetse. `(Mayeso a Radiologic)` kapena monga momwe timadziwira `X-ray``, `(CT scan)`` makamaka amaona momwe ziwalo za thupi lathu zimaonekera , kutanthauza mawonekedwe awo, kukula kwawo, kuchulukana kwawo, kapangidwe kawo, ndi zina zotero. Madokotala amatcha izi kuyang'ana ``kapangidwe ka thupi`` la chiwalo.

Koma mayeso a "Nuclear Medicine Imaging" awa makamaka amayang'ana momwe ziwalo zikugwirira ntchito . Ndiko kuti, ngati ziwalozo zikugwira ntchito bwino, ngati njira zawo zamagetsi zikuchitika bwino, ngati kuyenda kwa magazi kuli bwino, komanso ngati pali kusintha kulikonse pamlingo wa maselo.

Kunena zoona, pamene ma scan ena amatenga 'chithunzi' cha chiwalo, Nuclear Medicine Imaging ili ngati 'kuona momwe chiwalocho chimagwirira ntchito'.

Ubwino waukulu wokhoza kuona ntchito ya chiwalo mwanjira imeneyi ndi wakuti matenda ena amatha kuzindikirika ndi kusintha kwa ntchito yake asanakhale ndi kusintha kwakukulu m'mapangidwe ake. Kenako madokotala amatha kupeza matendawa pachiyambi ndikuyamba chithandizo mwachangu. Izi zimawonjezera mwayi woti chithandizo chipambane.

Kodi tiyenera kukonzekera bwanji mayesowa asanachitike?

Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe muyenera kudziwa motsimikiza. Koma popeza pali mitundu yambiri ya mayeso a "Nuclear Medicine", njira yomwe muyenera kukonzekera iliyonse si yofanana. Zimasiyana malinga ndi mayeso omwe mwakonzekera kuchita.

Mwachitsanzo, pa mayeso ena, mungapemphedwe kuti musadye kapena kumwa chilichonse kupatula madzi kwa maola anayi mpaka asanu ndi limodzi mayeso asanayambe (kusala kudya). Pa mayeso ena, mungapemphedwe kuti musiye kumwa mankhwala ena masiku angapo mayeso asanayambe. Koma mayeso ena sangafunike kukonzekera kwapadera.

Choncho, chofunika kwambiri n’chakuti mukapatsidwa mayeso ngati amenewa, muyenera kufunsa dokotala wanu kapena dipatimenti yoyenera ya chipatala komwe mayesowo akuchitikira momwe mungakonzekerere. Adzakupatsani malangizo olondola a zomwe mungachite ndi zomwe simuyenera kuchita. Kutsatira malangizo amenewo n’kofunika kwambiri kuti mupeze zotsatira zolondola za mayeso.

Kodi tiyenera kudziwa chiyani pa tsiku la mayeso?

Pali zinthu zing'onozing'ono zingapo zomwe muyenera kukumbukira tsiku la mayeso. Izi si zinthu zazikulu, koma ndi zabwino kuzidziwa.

• Choyamba, pewani kubweretsa zinthu zanu zamtengo wapatali (monga zodzikongoletsera, ngale), ndalama zambiri, ndi makhadi a ngongole kuchipatala. Chifukwa ngati zitatayika, vuto lina ndi limeneli. Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri pamakhala malo osungira zinthu, ndibwino kuti musabweretse.
• Mungapemphedwe kuvala diresi lapadera la kuchipatala. Izi zipangitsa kuti mayeso akhale osavuta.
• Mayesowa amachitidwa ndi akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito zaukadaulo komanso olembetsedwa. Zithunzi ndi deta zomwe zapezeka kuchokera ku mayesowa zimasanthulidwa ndikuzizindikira ndi akatswiri a Nuclear Radiologists ndi madokotala. Chifukwa chake, mutha kukhala otsimikiza kuti muli m'manja otetezeka.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani panthawi ya mayeso?

Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiwone zomwe zikuchitika mkati mwa mayeso. Mukapita ku chipinda choyesera, mudzapemphedwa kugona pabedi pansi pa ``Gamma camera.'' Kamera iyi ndi yayikulu pang'ono, koma sidzakhudza thupi lanu, kotero palibe choopa.

Mutu wa kamera udzayenda pang'onopang'ono pamwamba pa thupi lanu lomwe likufufuzidwa, kapena udzakhala pamalo amodzi, ukujambula zithunzi zingapo. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mukhale chete kwa nthawi yayitali panthawiyi. Zili ngati kugwira mpweya wanu mukujambula chithunzi. Ngati musuntha, zithunzi sizingakhale zomveka bwino, ndipo mungafunike kubwereza mayesowo. Choncho yesani kukhala chete monga momwe antchito adalangizira. Nthawi zina mungapemphedwe kuti mugwire mpweya wanu kwa kanthawi.

Ma kristalo apadera omwe ali mkati mwa mutu wa kamera amatenga kuwala kochepa komwe kumachokera ku radioactive tracer m'thupi lanu. Kenako amapanga zithunzi pa kompyuta. Madokotala amafufuza zithunzizi kuti adziwe matenda anu.

Kodi mayesowa amatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Nthawi yomwe imatenga pa izi imasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa mayeso omwe mukuchita. Nthawi zambiri, zimatenga mphindi 30 mpaka 60 kuti mujambule ndi kamera, osaphatikizapo nthawi yomwe imatenga kuti chotsukira ma radioactive chiperekedwe komanso kuti chilowe bwino.

Komabe, pali mayeso ena, monga kusanthula mafupa, komwe kungatenge maola awiri kapena atatu kuti chowunikira cha radioactive chilowe m'thupi mokwanira. Zikatero, mudzapatsidwa chowunikira, kupatsidwa mpumulo waufupi (mwina kuuzidwa kuti mumwe madzi panthawiyi), kenako n’kupemphedwa kuti mubwererenso ku chowunikiracho panthawi yomwe yakonzedwa.

Pali nthawi zina zomwe mayeso ena a `(Nuclear Medicine)` angafunike kuchitidwa kwa masiku angapo. Mwachitsanzo, pakhoza kukhala nthawi zina zomwe mungapatsidwe `(tracer)` lero, kenako mutha kujambulidwa kamodzi lero, ndi kujambulidwa kwina mawa. Mudzadziwitsidwa zonsezi pasadakhale.

Kodi zoopsa ndi ubwino wake ndi ziti?

Anthu ambiri amachita mantha pang'ono akamva mawu oti 'radioactive', ndipo zimenezo sizachilendo. Koma monga ndanenera kale, zofufuzira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa izi si mankhwala, ndipo nthawi zambiri sizimayambitsa zotsatirapo zoyipa. Komanso, kuchuluka kwa ma radiation omwe mumalandira panthawi yoyesa ngati iyi ndi kochepa kwambiri, kotero simuyenera kuda nkhawa ndi zinthu monga chiopsezo cha khansa.

Komabe, nthawi zina, kutanthauza kuti, pang'ono kwambiri, anthu ena amatha kukhala ndi vuto la ziwengo chifukwa cha `(Radioactive tracer)`. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pali zinthu monga ziphuphu kapena kuyabwa m'thupi. Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi vuto la ziwengo ku chilichonse (monga mankhwala, zakudya, fumbi), muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu ndi anthu omwe akuchita mayeso pasadakhale. Kenako adzayang'anitsitsa.

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone ubwino wake. Kujambula kwa `(Nuclear Medicine)` kumeneku kungatipatse chidziwitso chofunikira kwambiri komanso chapadera chomwe sitingathe kuchipeza kuchokera ku mayeso ena. Nthawi zina, chinthu chomwe chikufunika kuchitidwa pa opaleshoni yayikulu (`opereshoni yofufuza`) chingapezeke ndi kujambulidwa kotere, popanda kuvulaza thupi (`losavulaza kwambiri`). Izi zikutanthauza kuti, izi ndi zothandiza kwambiri pakukonza bwino matenda ndi chithandizo. Nthawi zambiri, zimatha kuzindikiranso matenda kumayambiriro kwawo, ngakhale pazigawo zochepa zomwe sizingagwidwe ndi mayeso ena. Izi zimapereka mwayi wabwino woyambira chithandizo msanga.

Pambuyo pa mayeso?

Kawirikawiri, mayeso akatha, mutha kubwerera ku zochita zanu zachizolowezi, kudya ndi kumwa chakudya chanu chachizolowezi. Sipafunika kupuma kwapadera. Nthawi zina dokotala amakuuzani kuti mumwe madzi ochulukirapo, kuti athandize ``(tracer)`` kutuluka m'thupi lanu mwachangu. Kupatula apo, palibe chapadera. Dokotala adzakulankhulani za izi mukalandira lipoti lanu la mayeso.

Pomaliza, zinthu zofunika kwambiri kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chabwino, takambirana zambiri za "Kujambula Mankhwala a Nyukiliya" tsopano. Ndikuganiza kuti mwamvetsa bwino. Nazi zinthu zazikulu zomwe muyenera kukumbukira:

• Mayeso a Nuclear Medicine ndi njira yapamwamba kwambiri, yotetezeka, komanso yothandiza yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira matenda ambiri ndikuchiza ena.
• Izi sizimavulaza thupi kwambiri kapena kupangitsa kuti lizimva kupweteka (`least-invasive`). Kuchuluka kwa ma radiation nakonso n'kochepa kwambiri.
• Ngati dokotala wanu akukuuzani za mtundu uwu wa mayeso, kambiranani naye za vutoli. Mufunseni mafunso kapena nkhawa zilizonse zomwe muli nazo. Musabise chilichonse.
• Tsatirani malangizowo bwino lomwe, makamaka pankhani yokonzekera mayeso asanayambe.

"Kumbukirani, ndi kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ya zamankhwala, mayeso ngati awa ndi othandiza kwambiri poteteza thanzi lathu komanso kuzindikira matenda mwachangu. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa zambiri zolondola ndikutsatira upangiri wachipatala popanda kupanga mantha osafunikira."

Ngati mukufuna kudziwa china chilichonse, onetsetsani kuti mwafunsa dokotala wanu. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino!

Mankhwala a nyukiliya , mayeso a radiation, matenda, zofufuzira, makamera a gamma, thanzi, mayeso azachipatala