Mavuto olankhula mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson: Tiyeni tikambirane za izi!

Matenda a Parkinson ndi matenda a muubongo omwe amakhudza mayendedwe a thupi lathu, ndipo nthawi zina zimativuta kulankhula ndi kulankhulana ndi ena. Koma musadandaule, pali njira zotithandiza kuthana ndi vutoli. Tiyeni tikambirane za izi lero.

Kodi vuto la kulankhula ndi matenda a Parkinson ndi lofala bwanji?

Ndipotu, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson amavutika kulankhula. Madokotala amatcha vutoli kuti dysarthria . Pakati pa 75% ndi 90% ya anthu opitilira 7 miliyoni padziko lonse lapansi omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson, kapena pafupifupi anthu atatu mwa anayi , amatha kukhala ndi mavuto a mawu ndi kulankhula panthawi ya matendawa. Chifukwa chake ichi ndi chinthu chomwe chimakhudza anthu ambiri.

N’chifukwa chiyani anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson amavutika kulankhula?

Mwachidule, matenda a Parkinson amakhudza ntchito ya mitsempha ndi minofu yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi luso lathu lolankhula. Taganizirani kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe ziyenera kugwira ntchito limodzi tikamalankhula. Ndiye nazi zigawo zomwe zingakhudzidwe ndi matendawa:

• Bokosi lanu la mawu `(Larynx)` . Apa ndiye malo akuluakulu omwe timapangira mawu athu.
• Pakhosi ndi minofu yogwirizana nayo.
• Minofu yopuma . N'zovuta kulankhula pamene simungathe kupuma bwino, eti?
• Mkamwa, lilime, ndi milomo ya pakamwa . Izi ziyenera kugwira ntchito bwino kuti zitchule mawu momveka bwino.
• Kusuntha minofu ya nkhope . Ngakhale mawonekedwe a nkhope ndi ofunikira tikamalankhula.
• Zingakhudzenso mbali zina za ubongo zomwe zimalamulira kumva, mawu, ndi njira yolankhulira .

Ndi mavuto otani a kulankhula ndi mawu omwe angachitike mu matenda a Parkinson?

Ngati muli ndi matenda a Parkinson, mungakumane ndi kusintha kwa mawu ndi mawu:

• Mawu amakhala ofewa, voliyumu imakhala yotsika.
• Mawu a monotone, osasinthasintha kamvekedwe. Monga loboti.
• Mawu okweza mawu kapena kumva ngati watsamwitsidwa.
• Kupuma kwa mawu. Izi zimamveka mosavuta kwa omwe akumvetsera.
• Zikumveka ngati khama lalikulu, ngati kutaya mphamvu, ngati batire "ikutha" mukulankhula.
• Kuvuta kutchula zilembo ndi mawu momveka bwino komanso mosavuta.
• Kugwedezeka m'mawu.
• Kuseka, ngati kuti mawu akumveka molakwika.
• Kulankhula mwachangu komanso mosalekeza ndi kuwerenga mawu ambiri nthawi imodzi mwachangu.
• Kutaya mawonekedwe a nkhope. Maganizo omwe timasonyeza pankhope zathu tikamalankhula amachepa.

Chofunika kwambiri, simungadziwe kusintha kwa mawu kumeneku nokha. Kusintha kwa mawu anu nthawi zambiri kumakhala chizindikiro choyamba. Izi zimatsatiridwa ndi kulephera kulankhula momveka bwino komanso momveka bwino. Mavuto olankhula nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta kwambiri moti ena amavutika kuwamvetsa, ndipo nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika pambuyo pa matendawa.

Kodi ndingapeze thandizo kwa ndani pa mavuto olankhula awa?

Ngati muli ndi vuto ndi mawu anu kapena kulankhula kwanu, ndi bwino kuonana ndi katswiri wothandiza kulankhula . Dokotala wa banja lanu kapena dokotala wanu angakuthandizeni kupeza katswiri wabwino wothandiza kulankhula m'dera lanu. Akatswiri ena othandiza kulankhula amaphunzitsidwa mwapadera kuti alimbitse mawu a anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson, kapena kuti awonjezere mphamvu zawo. Izi zimatchedwa Lee Silverman Voice Treatment .

Akatswiri olankhula ndi olankhula ndi anthu omwe aphunzitsidwa mwapadera kuzindikira ndi kuchiza matenda olankhula, chilankhulo, ndi kumeza. Ngati muli ndi matenda a Parkinson, katswiri wolankhula angakuthandizeni:

• Zimakuthandizani kusunga luso lanu lolankhulana momwe mungathere .
• Mudzaphunzitsidwanso njira zosungira mphamvu, kutanthauza kulankhulana popanda mawu, komwe kumaphatikizapo kufotokoza malingaliro kudzera m'machitidwe ndi zizindikiro popanda mawu.
• Tidzakudziwitsani njira ndi zida zothandizira kuti muzitha kukambirana mosavuta.
• Maseŵero apadera amalimbikitsidwa kuti alimbitse minofu yofunikira polankhula ndikuwongolera kuyenda.

Ngati mukuvutika kulankhula, kodi mungachite chiyani kuti muwongolere kulankhulana kwanu?

Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiwone zomwe mungachite kuti kulankhula ndi ena kukhale kosavuta ngati muli ndi vuto la mawu ndi kulankhula. Zinthu zazing'ono izi zingakuthandizeni:

• Sankhani malo odekha komanso opanda phokoso lalikulu kuti mulankhule. Zimitsani zinthu zilizonse zokweza mawu monga TV kapena wailesi. Izi zithandiza munthu amene akukumvetserani kumva zomwe mukunena momveka bwino.
• Lankhulani pang'onopang'ono. Musafulumire.
• Mukamalankhula, onetsetsani kuti munthu amene akumvetsera akuona nkhope yanu. Yang'anani m'maso ndipo mulankhule. Kulankhula m'chipinda chowala bwino kumathandiza kuti kulankhulana maso ndi maso kukhale kosavuta komanso kumapangitsa kuti mumvetse bwino zomwe mukunena.
• Gwiritsani ntchito ziganizo zazifupi. Nenani liwu limodzi kapena awiri kapena silabulo imodzi kapena ziwiri mu mpweya umodzi.
• Musanalankhule ndi munthu wina kapena kuyimba foni, konzani zoti mupumule pang'ono mawu anu .
• Kumbukirani kuti kutopa kungakhudze kwambiri luso lanu lolankhula. Njira zina zomwe zimagwira ntchito m'mawa sizingagwire ntchito bwino madzulo, mukatopa.
• Sungani pakhosi panu madzi okwanira. Imwani madzi ambiri. Pewani zakumwa zokhala ndi caffeine (monga khofi ndi tiyi) ndi mowa. Ngati mpweya m'nyumba mwanu ndi wouma, gwiritsani ntchito chotenthetsera.
• Sungani thupi lanu lolunjika, chibwano chanu chili mmwamba, ndipo khosi lanu likwezedwe pang'ono. Izi zithandiza kuti mpweya utuluke m'mapapo anu kupita ku bokosi lanu la mawu.
• Ngati mawu anu ndi ofewa kapena otsika kwambiri, ganizirani kugwiritsa ntchito amplifier. Izi zingathandize kukweza voliyumu ya mawu anu.

Ngati mukuvutika kumvetsa zomwe ena akunena, kodi mungachite chiyani china?

Ngati nthawi zina zimakuvutani kuti ena amvetse zomwe mukunena, yesani njira izi:

• Ngati mungathe kulemba mosavuta, nthawi zonse khalani ndi cholembera ndi pepala pafupi. Kenako mutha kulemba zomwe mukufuna kunena ndikuziwonetsa.
• Ngati kulemba kuli kovuta, gwiritsani ntchito bolodi la zilembo. Mutha kuloza kapena kuloza chilembo choyamba cha mawu omwe mukunena.
• Ngati simukumvetsa mawuwo, alembeni mokweza kapena muwawonetse pa bolodi la zilembo.
• Musanayambe kulankhula, tchulani mutu womwe mukufuna kukambirana. Izi zipangitsa kuti omvera amvetse mosavuta.
• Gwiritsani ntchito mawu olankhulidwa pa telegraphic. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, chotsani mawu osafunikira ndikugwiritsa ntchito mawu ochepa kuti afotokoze tanthauzo la mutuwo.
• Ngati simukumvetsa liwu, gwiritsani ntchito mawu ofanana, lembani, ndipo bwerezani mokweza, chilembo ndi chilembo.
• Gwiritsani ntchito manja polankhula mawu omwe aliyense amawadziwa, monga kugwedeza dzanja lanu kuti "ima." Gwiritsani ntchito manja polankhula mawuwo.

Ndi zipangizo zina ziti zolankhulirana zomwe zimathandiza kuthetsa mavuto a mawu ndi kulankhula?

Ngati zikukuvutani kulankhula, mukumva kukhumudwa kapena kupsinjika maganizo chifukwa choti simungathe kulankhula, kapena mukukumana ndi vuto lolankhula, ganizirani njira ndi njira izi kuti muthandize kuti uthenga wanu umveke bwino:

• Kukweza mawu: Izi zitha kukhala amplifier yonyamulika kapena amplifier ya foni. Izi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kukweza mawu a munthu amene ali ndi mawu ofewa. Amplifier imachepetsanso kutopa kwa mawu.
• Dongosolo la TTY lotumizirana mauthenga pafoni: Iyi ndi foni yokhala ndi kiyibodi. Mutha kulemba zomwe mukunena ndikuziwerenga kwa munthu amene akumvetsera kudzera pa woyendetsa mauthenga. Mutha kulemba uthenga wonse, kapena mawu omwe simukuwamvetsa.
• Zipangizo zogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wotsika: Zitsanzo za zipangizo zothandizira ukadaulo wotsika zimaphatikizapo mabuku ndi mabolodi olembedwa pamapepala, mabolodi a zilembo (kumene mumaloza chilembo choyamba cha liwu lililonse lofunika lomwe mumanena, kapena kunena liwu chilembo ndi chilembo), ndi zipangizo zolembera.
• Zipangizo zamakono zowonjezerera mawu, zipangizo zolumikizirana: Makompyuta okhala ndi zida zopangira mawu ndi zipangizo zopangira mawu tsopano akupezeka. Lankhulani ndi katswiri wanu wa kulankhula ndi chilankhulo za zipangizo zamakono zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zosowa zanu.

Kodi anthu omva angathandize bwanji munthu amene akuvutika kulankhula?

Nazi njira zina zothandizira abwenzi ndi abale kuti zikhale zosavuta kwa munthu amene ali ndi matenda a Parkinson kulankhula:

• Lankhulani ndi munthu amene ali ndi matenda a Parkinson maso ndi maso, ndipo muyang'aneni pamene akulankhula.
• Funsani mafunso omwe angayankhidwe ndi "inde" kapena "ayi" chabe.
• Bwerezani gawo la chiganizo chomwe mwamvetsa. (Mwachitsanzo, "Mukufuna kuti ndikwere chiyani pamwamba ndikatenge?")
• Mupempheni kuti abwereze zomwe wanena, alankhule pang'onopang'ono, kapena alembe mawu omwe simukuwamvetsa.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe munthu amene ali ndi matenda a Parkinson komanso vuto la kulankhula ayenera kukhala nazo akakumana ndi vuto ladzidzidzi?

Kuti mukonzekere zadzidzidzi, ganizirani izi:

• Gwiritsani ntchito njira ya intercom kapena chowunikira ana kuti mudziwitse ena za ngozi.
• Ngati simungathe kulankhula , gwiritsani ntchito mabelu kapena ma buzzers. Gwiritsani ntchito "ma code" kusonyeza kufulumira. Mwachitsanzo, belu laling'ono lingatanthauze "Ndikufunika kulankhula ndi winawake," kapena honi ya mpweya ingatanthauze zadzidzidzi.
• Khalani ndi foni yam'manja yokhala ndi manambala okonzedweratu. Konzani mafoni anu onse kuti aziyimba okha manambala adzidzidzi.
• Ngati ndinu munthu amene mumakhala nokha, lembani kuti mugwiritse ntchito batani la "Life Call". Mukadina batani pa chipangizo, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimavalidwa padzanja kapena pakhosi panu, chomwe chimatumiza chizindikiro ku kampani yothandizira, yomwe idzadziwitsa okondedwa anu ndi/kapena ogwira ntchito zadzidzidzi m'dera lanu.

Kodi vuto la kumeza (Dysphagia) mu matenda a Parkinson limakhudza kulankhula?

Kuvuta kumeza, matenda otchedwa dysphagia, ndi ofala kwambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson. Izi zitha kuchitika pamlingo uliwonse wa matendawa, kusintha pamene matendawa akupitirira, ndikuipiraipira pamene zizindikiro zikuipiraipira. Uzani dokotala wanu ndi/kapena katswiri wa kulankhula ndi chinenero mukangozindikira kuti mukuvutika kumeza. Zizindikiro za mavuto omeza ndi monga: kutulutsa madzi m'mphuno, kutsamwa, kukhosomola, kuvutika kumeza mapiritsi, kutenga nthawi yayitali kudya, kuchepetsa thupi, ndi kutaya madzi m'thupi.

Vuto lalikulu kwambiri lomwe limabwera chifukwa chovuta kumeza - komanso chifukwa chake muyenera kupita kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo - ndi:Kutuluka mpweya m'mapapo. Kutuluka mpweya m'mapapo ndi pamene chakudya kapena madzi amalowa m'mapapo mwanu (trachea) kenako n'kulowa m'mapapo mwanu. Izi zingayambitse matenda oopsa otchedwa aspiration pneumonia .

Ngakhale kuti mavuto omeza sangakhudze mwachindunji luso lanu lolankhula, mavuto omeza ndi mavuto a mawu ndi kulankhula nthawi zambiri zimachitika nthawi imodzi.

Pomaliza, kumbukirani izi.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi mavuto a mawu ndi kulankhula, makamaka pamene matendawa akupitirira. Mavutowa angapangitse kuti zikhale zovuta kuti mulankhule kuntchito, ndi banja lanu, komanso ndi anzanu. Zingakhudzenso moyo wanu.

Koma chabwino kwambiri n'chakuti, katswiri wolankhula ndi kulankhula angakuthandizeni kupanga pulogalamu yothandiza yothandizira yomwe ingakuthandizeni kukulitsa luso lanu lolankhulana. Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi mavuto awa, musavutike nokha, koma funsani upangiri wachipatala ndi chithandizo chamankhwala. Kumbukirani, simuli nokha paulendowu, ndipo pali anthu ambiri omwe angakuthandizeni.

Matenda a Parkinson , mavuto olankhula, dysarthria, mawu, kulankhulana, chithandizo cha kulankhula, mavuto omeza