Ngati dokotala akukuuzani kuti muli ndi "chotupa" kwinakwake m'thupi lanu, kodi thupi lanu lonse silizizira? Chinthu choyamba chomwe chimabwera m'maganizo ndi mantha akuti "Kodi iyi ndi khansa?" Koma si zotupa zonse zomwe ndi khansa. Lero tikambirana za mtundu wa chotupa chomwe sichili khansa, koma chikufunika chisamaliro. Ndicho adenoma.
Kodi kwenikweni adenoma ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, adenoma ndi chotupa chosakhala khansa (chosaopsa) . Chimapangidwa kuchokera ku minofu ya epithelial, yomwe imaphimba ziwalo ndi tiziwalo ta thupi lathu. Zotupazi nthawi zambiri zimakula m'magulu. Mukayang'anitsitsa, zimaoneka ngati bowa kakang'ono kokhala ndi phesi laling'ono.
Adenoma ndi mtundu wa kukula komwe kumatchedwa polyp. Madokotala nthawi zina amatcha adenomatous polyp .
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti ma adenoma si khansa. Komabe, nthawi zina, makamaka ma adenoma akuluakulu, amatha kusanduka khansa pakapita nthawi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala pankhaniyi.
Kodi mitundu ya adenomas ndi iti?
Ma adenoma nthawi zambiri amakula m'ma glands a thupi lathu. Ma glands amapanga ndikutulutsa mankhwala otchedwa mahomoni omwe ndi ofunikira kuti thupi lathu ligwire ntchito bwino. Chifukwa chake, pali mitundu ingapo ya ma adenoma. Tiyeni tiwone mitundu yayikulu.
| Mtundu wa adenoma | Malo ochitikira ndi kufotokozera mwachidule |
|---|---|
| Adrenal adenomas | Izi zimapangidwa m'matenda a adrenal omwe ali pamwamba pa impso zathu. |
| Adenoma ya m'matumbo akulu | Izi ndi mtundu wa polyp womwe umapanga mkati mwa matumbo. Zomera zazikulu kuposa 10 mm ndipo zimaoneka ngati kolifulawa zimatchedwa 'advanced adenomas'. |
| Matenda a parathyroid | Izi zimapangidwa m'matenda a parathyroid, omwe ali pafupi ndi chithokomiro. Izi zingayambitse kupanga kwambiri kwa mahomoni a parathyroid. |
| Matenda a pituitary | Izi zimakula mu pituitary gland muubongo. Zochepera 1 cm zimatchedwa microadenomas, ndipo zokulirapo kuposa 1 cm zimatchedwa macroadenomas. |
| Ma adenoma a Pleomorphic | Izi zimapangidwa m'malovu athu. |
| Ma adenoma a sebaceous (ma adenoma a sebaceous glands) | Izi zimapezeka m'matenda opanga mafuta omwe ali pakhungu. |
Kuphatikiza apo, adenomas ikhoza kukhala "yogwira ntchito" kapena "yosagwira ntchito." Adenoma yogwira ntchito imapanga mahomoni ambiri kuposa omwe amafunikira. Adenoma yogwira ntchito sipanga mahomoni aliwonse. Chifukwa chake ngati muli ndi adenoma yogwira ntchito, mwina simungakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse.
Zipatso zimenezi zimagawidwa m'magulu malinga ndi momwe zimakulira.
Madokotala amagawanso ma adenoma amenewa m'magulu mwa kuwayang'ana pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu ndikuwagawa m'magulu kutengera kapangidwe ka maselo. Izi ndizofunikira podziwa chithandizo.
| Kachitidwe ka kukula | Maonekedwe ndi makhalidwe |
|---|---|
| Tubular | Amakula n’kukhala ngati chozungulira kapena chozungulira. Amapezeka kwambiri m’ma adenoma ang’onoang’ono osakwana mainchesi 0.5. |
| Woipa | Amakula mozungulira komanso mosokonezeka, ngati duwa la kabichi. Mtundu uwu ndi wofala kwambiri m'matenda akuluakulu a adenoma. |
| Tubulovillous | Kusakaniza kwa mitundu yonse iwiri yomwe ili pamwambapa. |
| Sessile | Imakula popanda tsinde, yosalala, yokhala ndi maziko akulu. |
| Yopangidwa ndi Serrated | Mukayang'ana pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu, mawonekedwe ofanana ndi mano a soka amaoneka. |
Kodi zizindikiro za adenoma ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro zimadalira malo ndi kukula kwa adenoma. Ma adenoma ena ang'onoang'ono sangayambitse zizindikiro zilizonse. Komabe, pali zizindikiro zina zomwe zimaonekera:
- Kuwawa kwam'mimba
- Kutopa kwambiri kwa thupi
- Mutu
- Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi chifukwa cha kusowa kwa ayoni
- Kufooka kwa minofu
- Kusanza kapena kusanza
- Kutuluka magazi m'thupi
Nchifukwa chiyani timapeza adenomas?
Izi zili choncho chifukwa maselo m'thupi lathu amayamba kukula ndikugawikana mosalamulirika. Kawirikawiri, maselo m'thupi lathu amauzidwa kuti afe panthawi inayake. Izi zimatchedwa kufa kwa maselo okonzedwa . Pamene njira imeneyi yasokonekera, maselo amasonkhana pamodzi ndikupanga zotupa. Maselo a khansa amakulanso mwanjira imeneyi. Komabe, ma adenoma sali amphamvu ngati maselo a khansa ndipo amakula pang'onopang'ono kwambiri.
Zinthu zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo
Zinthu zina zingawonjezere chiopsezo cha adenoma.
- Zaka: Anthu azaka za m'ma 30 ndi 40 ali ndi mwayi waukulu wokhala ndi pituitary adenomas.
- Kusintha kwa majini: Matenda ena a majini, monga Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), angayambitse adenomas. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha cholowa.
- Matenda a majini: Familyal Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)Matenda ena, monga omwe amapezeka m'mabanja, amawonjezeranso chiopsezo cha adenoma.
- Jenda: Akazi ali ndi mwayi wowirikiza kawiri wodwala parathyroid adenomas kuposa amuna.
Kodi dokotalayo amazindikira bwanji izi?
Dokotala wanu adzayamba wakuyang'anani ndikufunsani za mbiri yanu yachipatala. Kenako, angakufunseni kuti muyesedwe kuti atsimikizire izi.
- Kujambula kwa CT
- Kujambula kwa MRI
- Kusanthula kwa PET
Kuyezetsa kofunikira kwambiri ndi biopsy . Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga chidutswa chaching'ono cha minofu kuchokera pa chotupacho ndikuchitumiza ku labu kuti adziwe ngati ndi adenoma kapena china chake.
Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani?
Chithandizo chimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu, kukula, ndi malo a adenoma.
- Mankhwala: Ngati adenoma ikuyambitsa mavuto a mahomoni, dokotala adzakupatsani mankhwala oletsa vutoli.
- Opaleshoni: Ma adenoma akuluakulu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mwayi wosintha kukhala khansa. Chifukwa chake, zinthu monga ma polyps akuluakulu kuposa 5 mm amachotsedwa opaleshoni. Komanso, opaleshoni ingalimbikitsidwe ngati chotupacho chikuyambitsa mavuto ena azaumoyo.
- Kuyang'anira mozama: Ngati adenoma ndi yaying'ono kwambiri ndipo siyambitsa mavuto aliwonse azaumoyo, dokotala wanu angagwiritse ntchito njira ya "kuyang'anira ndi kudikira". Izi zikutanthauza kuti musachichiritse, koma muziyang'anira chotupa nthawi zonse kuti muwone ngati chasintha.
Kodi izi zingalepheretsedwe kuchitika?
Popeza sitingathe kuwongolera majini omwe amathandizira kukula kwa adenomas, sitingathe kuziletsa 100%. Komabe, chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe tingachite ndikuyesa khansa nthawi zonse. Funsani dokotala wanu kuti muyenera kuchita mayesowa kangati, makamaka ngati muli pachiwopsezo chotenga adenomas.
Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu izi zithandiza kukhala ndi thanzi labwino:
- Kupewa kusuta fodya
- Kudya zakudya zokhala ndi zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi tirigu wonse
- Kuwonjezeka kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi
- Kuchepetsa kumwa mowa
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Adenoma ndi chotupa chosakhala khansa, koma mitundu ina, makamaka ikuluikulu, imatha kukhala khansa.
- Zizindikiro sizimawonekera nthawi zonse, choncho kuyezetsa kuchipatala pa msinkhu woyenera, monga colonoscopy, ndikofunikira kwambiri.
- Musachite mantha ngati mutapeza kuti muli ndi chotupa. Kambiranani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za chomwe chili ndi chotupacho komanso zomwe mungachite nacho.
- Ndi chithandizo choyenera ndi kuyang'aniridwa, adenoma ndi vuto losamalidwa bwino.
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