Nthawi zina sitisamala kwambiri za kusintha kwina m'thupi lathu, mwachitsanzo, kunenepa mwadzidzidzi, tsitsi lowonjezeka m'thupi, kapena kutopa kwambiri, eti? Koma izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za vuto la tiziwalo tiwiri tating'onoting'ono mkati mwa matupi athu, tinthu ta adrenal. Ngakhale kuti nkhaniyi ndi yofunika kwambiri, musachite mantha. Kudziwa bwino ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Lero tikulankhula za matenda a khansa okhudzana ndi tinthu ta adrenal.
Kodi khansa ya adrenal ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, iyi ndi ya gulu la khansa zomwe zimatha kufalikira m'matenda omwe amapanga mahomoni m'thupi lathu. Izi zimatchedwa neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Khansa ya adrenal imayamba m'matenda athu a adrenal. Taganizirani izi, pali ma glands awiri ang'onoang'ono pamwamba pa impso zathu, ngati zipewa ziwiri. Izi ndi zomwe timatcha ma glands a adrenal. Khansa imatha kufalikira mu glands imodzi kapena zonse ziwiri.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatulutsa mahomoni , kapena mankhwala, omwe amalamulira zinthu zambiri zofunika m'thupi lathu. Mwachitsanzo, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kukula kwa tsitsi, chilakolako chogonana, komanso momwe timathanirana ndi kupsinjika maganizo zimadalira mahomoni amenewa. Zotupa zina za adrenal gland zimayamba kupanga mahomoni awoawo.
Chotupachi chingayambe mu gawo lakunja la gland, lomwe madokotala amalitcha kuti ``cortex```. Kapena, chingayambe pakati pa gland, lomwe limatchedwa ``medulla```.
Nthawi zambiri, chotupacho chingakhale chachikulu kwambiri mukayamba zizindikiro. Koma musadandaule, pali njira zambiri zochizira khansa iyi. Chofunika kwambiri ndikulankhula momasuka za khansayi ndi dokotala wanu komanso kulankhula ndi achibale anu ndi anzanu za khansayi ndikupeza chithandizo chawo. Adzakhala gwero lalikulu la mphamvu paulendo wanu wathanzi.
Kodi zizindikiro za matendawa ndi ziti?
Ngati chotupacho chili chaching'ono, simungazindikire zizindikiro zilizonse. Koma pamene chikukulirakulira, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zingawonekere chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mahomoni osiyanasiyana. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe izi zili.
| Chifukwa cha zizindikiro | Zizindikiro zomwe zingatheke |
|---|---|
| Zizindikiro zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi chotupacho | - Kumva kupweteka kapena chotupa m'mimba - Kumva kukhuta ngakhale mutadya pang'ono |
| Kuwonjezeka kwa mahomoni a androgen (Mahomoni a amuna) | - Kumera tsitsi losafunikira pankhope kapena pathupi - Kukula kwa mbolo mwa anyamata achichepere kapena clitoris mwa atsikana achichepere |
| Kuwonjezeka kwa hormone ya estrogen (Mahomoni a akazi) | - Kusamba msanga kapena kukula kwa mawere mwa atsikana - Kusasamba kosakhazikika kapena kuzama kwa mawu mwa akazi - Kutuluka magazi m'mimba mwa akazi pambuyo pa kusamba - Kukula kwa mawere mwa amuna, kusabereka kapena kuchepa kwa chilakolako chogonana |
| Kuwonjezeka kwa hormone ya cortisol | - Kulemera kwa thupi - Nkhope ikuwoneka yotupa - Tsitsi lopyapyala limamera pankhope, pamwamba pa thupi, kapena m'manja - Mabala otambasula pakhungu - Kufooka kwa mafupa ndi minofu - Kutupa kwa khungu ngakhale chifukwa cha kuvulala pang'ono - Kusintha kwa maganizo pafupipafupi, kuvutika maganizo - Kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi shuga wambiri m'magazi |
| Kuwonjezeka kwa mahomoni a Aldosterone | - Kufooka kwa thupi, kupweteka kwa minofu - Kuthamanga kwa magazi kwambiri - Kuchepa kwa potaziyamu m'magazi - Ludzu lochuluka - Kukodza pafupipafupi |
Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa khansa ya adrenal komanso zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa?
Palibe chifukwa chomveka bwino chomwe anthu ena amakhalira ndi ziphuphuzi. Komabe, ngati muli ndi chimodzi mwa matenda otsatirawa a majini, chiopsezo chanu chotenga khansa iyi chimakhala chachikulu pang'ono.
- Matenda a Li-Fraumeni
- Matenda a Beckwith-Wiedemann
- Malo ochitira masewera a Carney
- Matenda ambiri a endocrine neoplasia
- Matenda a adenomatous a m'banja
- Matenda a Lynch
Izi ndi matenda osowa kwambiri m'majini. Pokhapokha ngati dokotala wanu wakuuzani kuti muli ndi chimodzi mwa izi, musadandaule nazo mopanda chifukwa.
Kodi pali mitundu ya khansa ya adrenal?
Inde, zotupa za adrenal gland zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu: zotupa zoyipa ndi zosavulaza. Izi zimatchedwa kutengera komwe zimayambira.
Zotupa zoopsa
- Khansa ya Adrenocortical: Imayamba mu gawo lakunja la gland. Mtundu uwu wa chotupa umapanga mahomoni ambiri.
- Pheochromocytoma yoopsa kwambiri ya adrenal: Iyi ndi khansa yosowa kwambiri yomwe imayambira pakati pa gland (medulla).
- Neuroblastoma: Izi zimayambanso pakati pa ubongo ndipo zimapezeka kwambiri mwa ana.
- Malignant paraganglioma: Izi zimatha kuchitika mkati kapena kunja kwa adrenal gland.
Matumbo osakhala a khansa (osaopsa)
- Adenoma: Izi nthawi zina zimatha kupanga cortisol yochulukirapo, vuto lomwe timalitcha kuti ``Cushing's syndrome''.
- Pheochromocytoma yosaopsa
- Paraganglioma yabwino
Kodi mungazindikire bwanji matendawa? (Kuzindikira)
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro kapena ngati muli ndi zinthu zomwe zingakuchititseni khansayi, dokotala wanu adzakulamulani kuti muyesedwe kangapo kuti atsimikizire ngati pali chotupa. Mayesowa angathandizenso kudziwa siteji ya khansayo komanso ngati yafalikira ku ziwalo zina.
- Kuyezetsa thupi ndi mbiri ya matenda: Dokotala adzakufunsani za zizolowezi zanu zaumoyo komanso matenda anu akale.
- Kuyezetsa magazi ndi mkodzo: Izi zimayesa ngati thupi lanu likupanga mahomoni ogonana ambiri kapena ma steroid. Mwachitsanzo, zimayesa milingo yochepa ya potaziyamu kapena milingo yambiri ya cortisol kapena estrogen.
- Mayeso ojambulira: Ma scan amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza zotupa kapena maselo a khansa. Izi zitha kuphatikizapo X-ray, ultrasound, CT scans, MRI scans, ndi PET scans.
- Laparoscopy: Mu izi, chubu chopyapyala kwambiri chokhala ndi kamera kakang'ono chimayikidwa m'thupi kuti chione komwe khansa ikukulira.
- Kufufuza za khansa: Chitsanzo chaching'ono cha minofu chimatengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito singano ndikuwunikidwa pansi pa maikulosikopu kuti adziwe ngati maselo a khansa alipo.
Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani?
Poganizira za thanzi lanu komanso thanzi lanu lonse, dokotala wanu adzakulangizani njira yochizira yomwe ingakhale yoyenera kwa inu.
- Opaleshoni:Imeneyi ingakhale njira yokhayo yochiritsira matenda. Dokotala wanu angasankhe kuchotsa gland imodzi kapena zonse ziwiri za adrenal gland. Ngati khansa yafalikira, ma lymph nodes apafupi angafunikenso kuchotsedwa.
- Chithandizo cha radiation: Chithandizochi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupha maselo a khansa kapena kuletsa kukula kwa chotupa. Nthawi zina chimaperekedwa pambuyo pa opaleshoni.
- Mankhwala: Mankhwala odziwika kwambiri omwe amaperekedwa ndi mankhwala otchedwa `mitotane (Lysodren).` Amaletsa kupanga mahomoni ndi ma adrenal glands ndikuwononga maselo a khansa.
- Chemotherapy: Izi zimaphatikizapo kupereka mankhwala omwe amayenda m'thupi lonse ndikupha maselo a khansa. Komabe, mankhwalawa amathanso kuwononga maselo athanzi.
- Chithandizo cholunjika: Mankhwalawa amangowononga maselo a khansa okha, popanda kuvulaza maselo athanzi.
- Kuchotsa chotupa: Iyi ndi njira yowonongera maselo a khansa pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwambiri kapena kuzizira kwambiri kwa iwo omwe akudwala kwambiri kuti asachite opaleshoni kapena khansa ikafalikira.
Kaya mungasankhe chithandizo chotani, samalirani thupi lanu komanso maganizo anu. Funsani dokotala wanu za magulu othandizira komwe mungalankhule ndi ena omwe akukumana ndi vuto lomwelo ngati lanu.
Kodi chiyembekezo cha matendawa ndi chotani?
Thanzi lanu lamtsogolo limadalira zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo zaka zanu, kukula kwa chotupacho pamene chikudziwika, komanso ngati chotupacho chimapanga mahomoni kapena ayi.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero, anthu pafupifupi 73 mwa anthu 100 omwe amalandira chithandizo khansa isanafalikire kupitirira ma adrenal glands amakhala ndi moyo kwa zaka 5 kapena kuposerapo. Ngati yafalikira ku minofu kapena ziwalo zapafupi, chiwerengerocho chimatsika kufika pa 53% mwa anthu 100. Ngati yafalikira kumadera akutali a thupi, chiwerengerocho chimatsika kufika pa 38% mwa anthu 100.
Kumbukirani, izi ndi ziwerengero chabe. Wodwala aliyense ndi wosiyana. Choncho musataye mtima ndi ziwerengerozi. Ndikofunikira kuyandikira chithandizo chabwino.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Dziwani kusintha kulikonse kwachilendo m'thupi lanu, makamaka kunenepa mwadzidzidzi, kukula kwa tsitsi mopitirira muyeso, komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi.
- Khansa ya adrenal ndi vuto losowa koma loopsa, choncho musanyalanyaze zizindikiro zake.
- Kuzindikira msanga ndi sitepe yofunika kwambiri kuti chithandizo chikhale chopambana. Ngati mukukayikira, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
- Pali njira zingapo zochiritsira, ndipo dokotala wanu adzasankha chithandizo chomwe chili choyenera kwa inu.
- Simuli nokha paulendowu. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kufunafuna chithandizo chamaganizo kuchokera kwa abale, abwenzi, ndi magulu othandizira.
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