Fibrosarcoma: Tiyeni tiphunzire zambiri za khansa yosowa iyi

Mumaganiza bwanji mukaona chotupa chatsopano kapena chotupa m'thupi mwanu, makamaka pa mwendo kapena mkono wanu? Nthawi zambiri, timaganiza kuti ndi zachilendo ndipo timachinyalanyaza. Koma nthawi zina, ngakhale chinthu chaching'ono ngati chimenecho chingakhale chinthu chomwe tiyenera kusamala nacho. Lero, tikambirana za khansa yosowa kwambiri yomwe ingawoneke ngati chotupa. Ichi chimatchedwa fibrosarcoma.

Mwachidule, kodi fibrosarcoma ndi chiyani?

Fibrosarcoma ndi khansa yosowa kwambiri yomwe imapezeka m'minofu yofewa. Mu zamankhwala, timaitcha kuti sarcoma. Tsopano mwina mukudabwa kuti minofu yofewa ndi chiyani. Ndi yosavuta kwambiri. Ndi minofu yomwe imalumikiza ndikugwirizanitsa ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi lathu. Kunena zoona, zinthu monga minyewa ndi mitsempha yomwe imalumikiza zinthu monga mafupa ndi minofu m'thupi lathu ndi za minofu yolumikizana iyi.

Khansa ya Fibrosarcoma nthawi zambiri imayamba m'mitsempha yofewa mkati mwa thupi. Imapezeka kwambiri m'miyendo (mozungulira fupa la m'chiuno kapena ntchafu), m'manja apamwamba, m'mawondo, kapena m'thupi. Siingachitikenso kawirikawiri m'mutu kapena m'khosi. Nthawi zina, khansa iyi imathanso kuchitika m'mafupa kapena m'minofu yolumikizana yomwe imaphimba mafupa.

Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu mwalandira matendawa, zomwe zidzachitike pambuyo pake zimadalira zinthu zambiri. Zaka zanu, kukula kwa khansa, ndi komwe ili zonse zidzakhudza. Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani zonse kutengera matenda anu.

Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya izi.

Fibrosarcoma ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu. Mitundu iwiriyi ndi yosiyana kwambiri.

Kodi zizindikiro za matendawa ndi ziti?

Nthawi zambiri zimatenga nthawi kuti zizindikiro za fibrosarcoma ziwonekere. Chifukwa chakuti zotupazi zimakula m'minofu yofewa mkati mwa thupi, simungazindikire chilichonse mpaka chotupacho chitakula mokwanira kuti chikakamize mitsempha yapafupi kapena mtsempha wamagazi.

Zizindikiro zomwe zimawonedwa nthawi zambiri ndi izi:

• Chotupa chofewa chomwe sichimapweteka kapena chopweteka pang'ono: Izi zitha kuchitika pa miyendo, manja, kapena thunthu.
• Kumva kuwawa kapena kupweteka kwambiri: Nthawi zina timati "zikhomo ndi singano." Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha kukakamizidwa kwa mitsempha pafupi ndi chotupa.
• Kutupa kosazolowereka: Kutupa kwamtunduwu kumatha kuchitika pamene chotupacho chikukanikizira mitsempha yamagazi.

Zizindikiro zimenezi zitha kufanana ndi za matenda ena osaopsa kwambiri, kotero dokotala yekha ndi amene angadziwe ngati kusinthaku kumachitika chifukwa cha fibrosarcoma kapena matenda ena ofala omwe si a khansa (osaopsa).

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa fibrosarcoma komanso zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa?

Ofufuza sakudziwa bwino chomwe chimayambitsa fibrosarcoma. Komabe, akukhulupirira kuti kusintha kwa majini m'maselo kumachita nawo gawo. Mwachidule, kusintha kumachitika mu DNA m'maselo athu. Kusintha kumeneku kumapangitsa maselo kugawikana mwachangu komanso mosalamulirika, ndikupanga zotupa za khansa.

Kusintha kwa majini kofala kwapezeka mu fibrosarcoma ya ana, makamaka. Pafupifupi 90% ya izi zimagwirizana ndi mavuto m'banja la majini a NTRK. Majini amenewa akapanda kugwira ntchito bwino, zotupa za khansa zimatha kupangika.

Zinthu zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo

Ofufuza apeza kuti matenda ena obadwa nawo angapangitse kuti pakhale chiopsezo chotenga matenda a fibrosarcoma.

• Matenda a adenomatous a m'banja
• Matenda a Li-Fraumeni
• Mtundu wa Neurofibromatosis `(mtundu wa Neurofibromatosis 1)`
• Matenda a Nevoid basal cell carcinoma
• Retinoblastoma
• Matenda a chifuwa chachikulu (tuberous sclerosis)
• Matenda a Werner (matenda a Werner)

Kuphatikiza apo, matenda ena akhoza kugwirizanitsidwa ndi izi:

• Kufa kwa maselo a mafupa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi kupita ku mafupa (bone infarction)
• Matenda a mafupa osatha (chronic osteomyelitis)
• Kusokonezeka kwa minofu (fibrous dysplasia)
• Matenda a Paget a mafupa

Palinso zinthu zina zomwe zingakubweretsereni mavuto okhudzana ndi chilengedwe komanso mbiri yanu yachipatala:

• Atalandira kale chithandizo cha radiation kudera lomwe khansa ili.
• Kupsa kwambiri komwe kuli khansa.
• Kukhudzidwa ndi mankhwala enaake, monga thorium dioxide, vinyl chloride, kapena arsenic.
• Kukumana ndi ziwalo zachitsulo (monga chromium, cobalt, nickel) zomwe zimalowetsedwa m'thupi kudzera mu opaleshoni.

Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji izi? (Kuzindikira)

Madokotala amachita mayeso angapo kuti adziwe matenda a fibrosarcoma. Chidziwitso cha mayesowa chimatsimikizira gawo ndi mulingo wa khansa.

• Kujambula kwa MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Iyi ndi njira yodziwika bwino yowunikira matenda a fibrosarcoma. Imatha kuwonetsa bwino kukula ndi malo a chotupacho, komanso ngati chikukhudza mitsempha yamagazi kapena mitsempha.
• Kujambula kwa CT (Computed Tomography scan): Izi zimagwiritsa ntchito X-ray ndi kompyuta kuti zipange zithunzi zamitundu itatu (3D) za minofu ndi mafupa anu ofewa.
• Kufufuza za khansa: Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa chidutswa chaching'ono cha minofu kuchokera ku chotupa (core needle biopsy) kapena chotupa chonse (excisional biopsy) kuti chikayesedwe. Katswiri wa matenda amafufuza minofuyo mu labotale kuti aone ngati ili ndi maselo a khansa.
• Immunohistochemistry (IHC): Iyi ndi njira yapadera yoyezera matenda yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mapuloteni otchedwa ma antibodies kuti atsimikizire ngati chotupacho ndi fibrosarcoma kapena mtundu wina wa khansa ya minofu yofewa.

Kodi magawo a khansa amadziwikira bwanji?

Madokotala amagawa khansa m'magawo kuti adziwe momwe yafalikira komanso momwe yafalikira. Izi zimaganizira kukula kwa chotupacho, komwe chili, komanso ngati chafalikira. Amawonanso "giredi" ya khansayo. Umu ndi momwe maselo a khansa amaonekera osazolowereka akayang'aniridwa ndi maikulosikopu. Maselo omwe amawoneka osazolowereka amaonedwa ngati khansa "yapamwamba", yomwe imatha kukhala yamphamvu kwambiri.

Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani zotsatira zake mukalandira chithandizo, kutengera ndi gawo la khansa yanu.

Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?

Chithandizo cha fibrosarcoma chimadalira zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo thanzi lanu lonse, zomwe mumakonda, komanso mtundu wa khansa.

Chithandizo cha fibrosarcoma ya akuluakulu

• Opaleshoni: Mu njira imeneyi, madokotala amachotsa chotupa cha khansa ndi minofu yathanzi yozungulira kuti atsimikizire kuti palibe maselo a khansa otsala.
• Chithandizo cha Radiation: Chithandizo cha radiation chingaperekedwe musanachite opaleshoni kuti muchepetse chotupacho kapena kuwononga maselo ena onse a khansa mutachita opaleshoni.
• Mankhwala a Chemotherapy:Ngakhale madokotala ena amapereka chithandizochi, sichinapambane kwambiri pa matenda a fibrosarcoma omwe amayamba chifukwa cha akuluakulu. Khansa yamtunduwu nthawi zambiri siigwira bwino ntchito ikalandira chithandizo cha chemotherapy.

Chithandizo cha fibrosarcoma ya ana aang'ono

• Opaleshoni: Kwa ana, kuchotsa chotupacho opaleshoni nthawi zambiri kumatha kuchiritsa matendawa kwathunthu.
• Kuchiza ndi/kapena chemotherapy: Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa zotupa musanachite opaleshoni kapena kuwononga maselo otsala pambuyo pake. Mosiyana ndi akuluakulu, ma fibrosarcoma ambiri a ana amachira bwino ndi chemotherapy.
• Chithandizo Cholunjika: Chithandizochi chingalepheretse maselo kugawikana mofulumira chifukwa cha mavuto a jini ya `NTRK`. Izi zitha kuchepetsa zotupa ndikupangitsa opaleshoni kukhala yosavuta.

Kodi vuto limakhala bwanji mutalandira chithandizo? (Zomwe zimachitika)

Zotsatira za fibrosarcoma ya ana ndi zabwino kwambiri. Zambiri mwa izi zimatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu pogwiritsa ntchito opaleshoni, radiation, chemotherapy, kapena chithandizo cholunjika. Chiŵerengero cha moyo wa zaka 10 ndi pafupifupi 90%. Ngati opaleshoni ingachotse bwino zizindikiro zonse za khansa, chiwerengero chimenecho chimafika 100%.

Matenda a fibrosarcoma omwe amayamba chifukwa cha akuluakulu amakhala ovuta kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amapezeka atatha kukula mokwanira kuti akhudze mitsempha kapena kuyenda kwa magazi. Monga momwe zilili ndi khansa iliyonse, kupezeka msanga kumabweretsa zotsatira zabwino. Khansa ikakula, zimakhala zovuta kuchiza. Pafupifupi theka la odwala amatha kudwala matendawa akalandira chithandizo.

Ngati muli ndi vutoli, kodi mumadzisamalira bwanji?

Anthu ambiri amamva kuti alibe chochita akapezeka ndi khansa. Njira imodzi yabwino yothetsera vutoli ndikudzisamalira nokha panthawi ya chithandizo komanso mukalandira chithandizo. Nazi zina zomwe mungachite:

• Mvetsetsani dongosolo lanu lotsata: Funsani dokotala zomwe mungayembekezere panthawi yochira komanso nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala wotsatira.
• Sinthani Nkhawa: Kuyezetsa nthawi zonse mukalandira chithandizo ndikofunikira kuti mudziwe msanga kuti khansa ibwererenso. Koma ingayambitsenso nkhawa. Lankhulani ndi mlangizi za izi.
• Pemphani thandizo: Mudzafunikadi thandizo panthawi ya chithandizo chanu. Okondedwa anu angakhale akuyembekezera kukuthandizani. Auzeni momwe mungathandizire.
• Yang'anani kwambiri pa makhalidwe abwino a thanzi: Kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mokwanira, komanso kugona bwino n'kofunika kwambiri.
• Khazikani mtima pansi:Mankhwala a khansa ndi khansa angakupangitseni kumva kutopa kwambiri. Konzani kuti mupumule mokwanira panthawi ya chithandizo.
• Limbani kupsinjika maganizo: Zinthu monga kusinkhasinkha, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi opumula, ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi opumira kwambiri zingathandize kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo.

Kodi muyenera kukaonana ndi dokotala liti?

Mukalandira chithandizo, nthawi zambiri mumapita kwa dokotala wanu miyezi itatu iliyonse kwa zaka ziwiri zoyambirira kenako nthawi zina kwa zaka zinayi mpaka zisanu. Ngati fibrosarcoma ibwereranso, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimachitika mkati mwa zaka zisanu zoyambirira, ndondomekoyi ithandiza kuzindikira kubwereranso kulikonse msanga.

Muyenera kulankhulana ndi dokotala nthawi iliyonse mukayamba kutupa kapena kupweteka kwatsopano.

Kodi ndi liti pamene muyenera kupita ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU)?

Mankhwala ambiri a khansa amakhudza chitetezo chamthupi chanu, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chotenga matenda. Nazi zizindikiro zina zomwe zingafunike kuti mupite ku Dipatimenti Yodzidzimutsa (ETU) mukalandira chithandizo:

• Malungo a madigiri 38.3 Celsius (100.4 Fahrenheit) kapena kupitirira apo.
• Kumva kuzizira komanso kunjenjemera.
• Chifuwa chokhala ndi mamina.
• Kupweteka m'mimba.
• Kutsegula m'mimba kosalekeza.
• Kusanza kosalekeza komanso kusanza.