Kodi khansa ya m'makoswe ndi yoopsa? Tiyeni tiphunzire za Anal Dysplasia mwachidule!

Kodi nthawi zambiri mumamva ngati muli ndi malo oyabwa komanso otupa mozungulira thako lanu? Anthu ambiri amachita manyazi pang'ono kulankhula za izi, ndipo zimenezo n'zachibadwa. Koma kudziwa zizindikiro izi ndi kusanyalanyaza ndikofunikira kwambiri pa thanzi lanu. Lero tikambirana za vuto lomwe anthu ambiri sanamvepo, koma ndikofunikira kudziwa. Ndilo Anal Dysplasia.

Mwachidule, kodi Anal Dysplasia ndi chiyani?

Musachite mantha mukamva mawu akuti Anal Dysplasia. Si khansa. Koma mwachidule, ndi kusintha kosazolowereka m'maselo a m'maselo anu. Kusintha kumeneku kungakulitse chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi khansa ya m'maselo mtsogolo. Chifukwa chake, kungatchulidwe kuti "chiyambi" kapena "chizindikiro chochenjeza" cha khansa.

Taganizirani ngati pali mng'alu waung'ono pakhoma. Mng'alu umenewo sukutanthauza kuti khoma lagwa. Koma ndi chizindikiro chakuti muyenera kuisamalira ndikuchitapo kanthu kofunikira. Anal Dysplasia ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zimenezi.

Ofufuza zachipatala amakhulupirira kuti chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli ndi kachilombo ka Human Papillomavirus, kapena mitundu ina ya kachilombo ka HPV komwe tonse timadziwa. Anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV nawonso ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa. Chabwino kwambiri ndichakuti kulandira katemera wa HPV ndikudziteteza ku matenda a HPV kungachepetse kwambiri chiopsezo chotenga matenda a Anal Dysplasia.

Kodi vutoli limakhudza bwanji thupi?

Matenda a Anal Dysplasia amayamba m'kati mwa matumbo anu. Timatcha kuti mucosa. Pa vutoli, maselo athanzi m'kati mwa matumbowa amasanduka maselo osazolowereka pang'onopang'ono. Maselo osazolowerekawa nthawi zambiri amakula pomwe matumbo amakumana ndi rectum. Koma nthawi zina amathanso kukula pakhungu kunja kwa matumbo (khungu la perianal).

Nthawi zambiri, vutoli silimayambitsa zizindikiro zinazake, koma anthu ena angakumane ndi zinthu monga:

• Kuyabwa kosalekeza komanso kosapiririka kuzungulira thako.
• Mukachikhudza ndi chala chanu, mumamva ngati muli ndi chinthu ngati chotupa chaching'ono kapena chotupa.
• Anthu ena amatuluka ziphuphu kuzungulira thako. Ziphuphu zimenezi si khansa, koma ndi chizindikiro cha matenda a HPV.

Madokotala amatcha vutoli Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia (AIN) kapena Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (SILs). Limagawidwa m'magulu awiri. Limadziwikiratu pofufuza maselo pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu.

Kafukufuku waposachedwapa adapeza kuti pakati pa 3% ndi 14% ya anthu omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere yapamwamba (HSIL) adzadwala. Komabe, chiopsezochi chimasiyana malinga ndi munthu. Mwachitsanzo, anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV omwe ali ndi vuto la dysplasia ya m'mawere ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a anal dysplasia?

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimawonjezera mwayi woti vutoli lichitike. Zinthu zake ndi izi:

• Kutenga matenda a mitundu ina ya kachilombo ka HPV: Ichi ndiye chifukwa chachikulu.
• Kugonana ndi munthu pogwiritsa ntchito makondomu: Ngakhale makondomu atagwiritsidwa ntchito, pali chiopsezo chakuti kachilombo ka HPV kamafalikira kudzera m'malo omwe kondomuyo sinaphimbidwe.
• Kukhala ndi kachilombo ka HIV: HIV imafooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi, zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu yake yolimbana ndi matenda a HPV.
• Kusuta: Mankhwala omwe ali mu ndudu amawononga maselo a thupi ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa.
• Chitetezo chamthupi chofooka: Anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka chifukwa cha mankhwala ena (monga mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa pambuyo poika ziwalo zina) kapena matenda ena odziteteza okha ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji vutoli?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, dokotala wanu angafune kuchita mayeso ena kuti atsimikizire ngati muli ndi vutoli. Musachite manyazi kapena mantha ndi izi. Izi ndi mayeso azachipatala achizolowezi.

Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?

Njira yochiritsira imadalira kuchuluka kwa dysplasia yomwe muli nayo (yotsika kapena yapamwamba).

• Low-grade (LSIL): Nthawi zambiri, dokotala sachiza vutoli ndipo amangoliona kwa kanthawi, chifukwa nthawi zambiri limatha lokha.
• High-grade (HSIL): Ili ndi vuto lomwe lingayambitse khansa mtsogolo, kotero chithandizo chikufunika kuti muchotse maselo osazolowereka. Pali njira zingapo zochitira izi.

Dokotala wanu adzasankha chithandizo chomwe chili choyenera kwa inu komanso chomwe chili ndi zotsatirapo zochepa. Adzakufotokozerani bwino. Palibe chifukwa choopera. Zina mwa njira zochiritsira ndi izi:

• Chithandizo cha Laser: Kugwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa laser kuwononga minofu yokhala ndi maselo osazolowereka.
• Kuchotsa maselo osagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito electrocautery (EC): Kuchotsa maselo osagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chamagetsi.
• TCA (Trichloroacetic acid): Mtundu wapadera wa asidi umanyowa mu thonje ndipo umayikidwa m'malo omwe muli maselo osazolowereka, kuwawononga.
• Opaleshoni: Nthawi zina, malo omwe ali ndi minofu yolakwika amachotsedwa opaleshoni.

Kodi tingatani kuti tichepetse chiopsezochi?

Njira yabwino komanso yothandiza kwambiri yopewera vutoli ndikudziteteza ku kachilombo ka HPV komwe kamayambitsa vutoli. Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe mungachite kuti muchite izi:

• Kulandira katemera wa HPV: Iyi ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yopewera matenda a HPV. Kulandira katemerayu kungatetezenso ku dysplasia ya m'makoswe ndi khansa zina zokhudzana ndi HPV, monga khansa ya pachibelekero.
• Njira zogonana zotetezeka: Kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu moyenera nthawi iliyonse mukagonana kungachepetse chiopsezo chotenga matenda opatsirana pogonana, kuphatikizapo HPV.
• Kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha ogonana nawo: Chiwopsezo cha matenda a HPV chimawonjezeka ndi chiwerengero cha ogonana nawo.
• Pewani kusuta: Ngati mukusuta, kusiya kusuta n'kofunika kwambiri pa thanzi lanu lonse komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezochi.
• Kupimidwa kuchipatala nthawi zonse: Ngati muli m'gulu la anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chomwe tatchula pamwambapa (monga ngati muli ndi kachilombo ka HIV), lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kuyezetsa matendawa.

Nthawi yoti mukaonane ndi dokotala

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro ngati izi, musachite manyazi ndipo pitani kwa dokotala mwamsanga.

• Kuyabwa kosalekeza mu anus.
• Ngati mukumva chotupa kapena chotupa m'dera limenelo.
• Ngati muli ndi ululu m'malo olumikizirana mafupa.
• Ngati pali kutuluka magazi ndi ndowe kapena nthawi zina.