Kodi magazi anu akuyenda bwino kupita ku miyendo yanu? Tiyeni tikambirane za opaleshoni ya Aortobifemoral Bypass

Kodi mumamva kupweteka kwambiri kapena kupsinjika kwa miyendo yanu, makamaka m'ntchafu ndi matako, mukayenda mtunda waufupi? Ululuwo umatha pakapita kanthawi, koma umabwereranso mukayambanso kuyenda? Kapena mumapeza mabala pa miyendo yanu popanda chifukwa chomveka ndipo amatenga nthawi yayitali kuti achire? Ngati muli ndi zizindikirozi, dokotala wanu mwina adalankhula nanu za opaleshoni. Mwina munachita mantha pang'ono mutamva dzinalo. Lero tikulankhula za opaleshoni yotchedwa Aortobifemoral Bypass. Musadandaule, tiyeni tifotokoze izi mosavuta.

Mwachidule, kodi Aortobifemoral Bypass ndi chiyani?

Tangoganizani kuti msewu waukulu mumzinda watsekedwa kwathunthu chifukwa cha magalimoto ambiri. Palibe njira yoti magalimoto adutse. Ndiye mumachita chiyani? Timapewa malo otsekedwawo ndikumanga msewu watsopano 'wodutsa' kuti tifike mbali inayo, sichoncho? Ndicho chimene opaleshoni iyi imachita.

Kudutsa m'mitsempha ya m'mimba mwathu kudzera mu opaleshoni ya Aortobifemoral ndi opaleshoni yomwe imakhudza mitsempha yamagazi m'thupi lathu. Pachifukwa ichi, madokotala opanga opaleshoni amapanga njira yatsopano, yotchedwa kupita m'mitsempha yamagazi , yodutsa madera otsekedwa kapena opapatiza a mitsempha yayikulu yamagazi m'mimba mwathu. Izi zimabwezeretsa kuyenda kwa magazi m'miyendo yathu.

Pa opaleshoni iyi, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mtsempha wopangira magazi, wotchedwa graft . Nthawi zambiri izi zimapangidwa ndi zinthu monga polyester. Tiyeni timvetse momwe zinatchulidwira:

• "Aorto" imatanthauza mtsempha waukulu kwambiri wamagazi m'thupi lathu, aorta . Imayambira pamtima kenako imadutsa pachifuwa ndikulowa m'mimba.
• "Femoral" amatanthauza mitsempha ya femoral, yomwe imayambira m'mimba mwathu ndikuyenda m'ntchafu zathu mpaka kumbuyo kwa mawondo athu.
• "Bi" amatanthauza 'ziwiri'. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chogwirirachi chimalumikizana ndi mitsempha yonse iwiri ya femoral m'miyendo yanu yonse.

Chomerachi chikuwoneka ngati "Y" chozikidwa mozondoka. Mbali imodzi pamwamba imalumikizidwa ndi gawo la pansi la msempha m'mimba. Miyendo iwiri ya Y imalumikizidwa ndi mitsempha ya femoral m'miyendo. Mwanjira imeneyi, magazi amatha kuletsa kutsekeka ndikuyenda mosavuta kupita kumiyendo.

N’chifukwa chiyani tikufunika opaleshoni yamtunduwu?

Opaleshoni iyi imachitika makamaka ngati chithandizo cha matenda otchedwa Aortoiliac occlusive disease . Ngakhale kuti dzinali lingamveke ngati lovuta pang'ono, nkhaniyi ndi yosavuta. Chomwe chimachitika ndi chakuti cholesterol ndi mafuta ena (plaque) zimasonkhana pakapita nthawi m'mitsempha yayikulu yamagazi m'mimba ndi m'chiuno mwathu. Mitsempha yayikulu yamagazi yomwe imakhudzidwa motere ndi iyi:

• Mtsempha wa m'mimba: Iyi ndi gawo la mtsempha wa m'mimba lomwe limatsika kuchokera mkati mwa mimba yathu.
• Mitsempha ya Iliac:Izi zimayambira pafupi ndi groin, pomwe aorta imagawikana m'magulu awiri. Izi ndi zomwe zimapita ku groin ndikukhala mitsempha ya femoral.

Pamene plaque ikuwunjikana mkati mwa mitsempha yamagazi iyi ndikuichepetsa, ziwalo zapansi pa thupi lathu, monga miyendo, mapazi, ndi ziwalo zina m'chiuno, sizilandira magazi okwanira okhala ndi mpweya. Vutoli likakula kwambiri, mavuto osiyanasiyana amatha kuchitika.

Kodi opaleshoni imeneyi ndi yaikulu? Kodi pali njira zina?

Inde, opaleshoni ya aortobifemoral bypass ndi opaleshoni yotseguka yomwe imachitidwa kudzera mu kudula kwakukulu m'mimba. Chifukwa chake, imaonedwa ngati opaleshoni yayikulu, kapena yayikulu.

Koma masiku ano, chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo, pali njira zina zochiritsira izi. Chimodzi mwa njira zazikulu ndi njira yotchedwa aortoiliac stenting with bifurcation reconstruction (AISBR) . Iyi ndi njira ya opaleshoni ya endovascular .

Mwachidule, izi zimaphatikizapo kulowetsa kansalu mu mtsempha wamagazi kudzera m'kabowo kakang'ono m'mimba, kupita kumalo otsekeka, ndikuyika chubu chaching'ono chonga mesh (stent) kudzeramo kuti muwonjezerenso mtsempha wamagazi. Njirayi ili ndi zovuta zochepa pa opaleshoni komanso nthawi yochepa yogona kuchipatala.

Dokotala wanu adzasankha njira yoyenera kwa inu. Nthawi zambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito stent kumalimbikitsidwa kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha opaleshoni yayikulu chifukwa cha matenda ena. Komabe, nthawi zina, kutengera kuopsa kwa kutsekeka kwa khungu, opaleshoni yotseguka ingafunike. Choncho lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira zomwe mungasankhe komanso zabwino ndi zoyipa zake.

Kodi timakonzekera bwanji opaleshoni isanachitike?

Opaleshoni yayikulu ngati iyi imafuna kukonzekera kwambiri. Gulu lanu lachipatala lidzakupatsani malangizo ofunikira. Kawirikawiri, muyenera kusamalira zinthu izi.

• Kusiya kusuta: Ngati ndinu wosuta fodya, muyenera kusiya kwathunthu milungu itatu kapena inayi musanachite opaleshoni. Kusiya kusuta fodya n'kofunika kwambiri kuti opaleshoniyi ipambane, komanso kuti mtima wanu ndi mitsempha yamagazi zikhale bwino mtsogolo.
• Uzani dokotala wanu za mankhwala aliwonse omwe mukumwa: Ngati mukumwa mankhwala a matenda monga matenda a shuga kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu za izi. Mankhwala ena angafunike kuyimitsidwa kapena kusintha mlingo musanachite opaleshoni.
• Kusala kudya musanachite opaleshoni: Mudzalangizidwa kuti musamadye kapena kumwa pambuyo pa pakati pausiku usiku musanachite opaleshoni. Tsatirani malangizo awa molondola.
• Kupeza mayeso ofunikira: Muyenera kuyesedwa kangapo kuti mutsimikizire thanzi lanu musanachite opaleshoni.
• Chizindikiro cha Ankle-brachial (ABI): Kuyeza komwe kumayesa kuthamanga kwa magazi m'miyendo.
• Kujambula kwa magazi m'mitsempha (Doppler scan): Kujambula kwa magazi m'mitsempha kuti muwone bwino momwe magazi akuyendera komanso ngati pali kutsekeka kulikonse.
• Mayeso monga ECG ndi Echo omwe amafufuza thanzi la mtima ndi mitsempha ya mtima.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani kwenikweni panthawi ya opaleshoni?

Simudzamva chilichonse panthawi ya opaleshoni, chifukwa mudzakhala pansi pa mankhwala oletsa ululu. Gulu la opaleshoni lidzatsatira izi:

1. Kugonetsa munthu ndi mankhwala oletsa ululu: Mumagona tulo tofa nato.

2. Kuduladula: Choyamba, kuduladula kwakukulu (laparotomy) kumachitika m'mimba kuti kukafike ku aorta. Kenako, kuduladulanso kawiri kumapangidwa pamwamba pa bere kuti kukafike ku mitsempha ya femoral.

3. Kuyikapo kwa graft:Dokotala wa opaleshoni amatenga mtsempha wamagazi wopangidwa ngati "Y" ndikusoka kumapeto kwake pamwamba pa kutsekeka kwa mtsempha wamagazi. Miyendo iwiri ya pansi ya Y imasokedwa pansi pa kutsekeka kwa mitsempha ya femoral.

4. Kutseka mabala: Pambuyo poti njira yatsopano ya bypass yapangidwa, mabala opangidwa m'mimba ndi m'mimba amatsekedwa ndi ma stitches kapena staples.

Opaleshoni yonseyi nthawi zambiri imatenga pakati pa maola awiri ndi asanu ndi limodzi .

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani kuchipatala mutachita opaleshoni?

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, muyenera kukhala m'chipatala kwa masiku pakati pa 4 ndi 7. Panthawiyi, gulu lachipatala lidzakusamalirani bwino kwambiri.

• Mudzasungidwa m'chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU) kapena chipinda chapadera ndipo mudzayang'aniridwa mosamala kuti mudziwe ngati pali zovuta zilizonse, makamaka matenda opatsirana.
• Ndimafufuza nthawi zonse kuti ndione ngati magazi akuyenda bwino m'miyendo yanu .
• Zidzakuthandizani kuyenda pang'onopang'ono. Choyamba mtunda waufupi, kenako mtundawo uwonjezere tsiku ndi tsiku.
• Mankhwala ochepetsa ululu amaperekedwa kuti achepetse ululu.

Kodi kupambana ndi zoopsa za opaleshoniyi ndi ziti?

Opaleshoni iyi yapambana kwambiri. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, pakati pa 80% ndi 95% ya maopaleshoni amasunga bwino magazi kwa zaka 5. Pazaka 10, chiwopsezo cha kupambana chili pakati pa 74% ndi 86%.

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni yaikulu iliyonse, pali zoopsa ndi zovuta zomwe zingachitike. Musanachite mantha, kumbukirani kuti gulu lachipatala lidzachita zonse zomwe lingathe kuti izi zitheke.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo:

• Matenda amtima
• Stroke
• Kutuluka magazi kwambiri
• Magazi amaundana
• Matenda a pabala ochitidwa opaleshoni
• Matenda a graft
• Kulephera kwa impso
• Kulephera kwa mapapo

Kambiranani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za zoopsa izi musanachite opaleshoni ndipo funsani mafunso aliwonse omwe muli nawo.

Kuchira ndi njira zodzitetezera mutabwerera kunyumba

Zingatenge miyezi iwiri kapena itatu kuti muchiritse bwino, koma muyenera kuyambiranso pang'onopang'ono zochita zanu zachizolowezi mkati mwa milungu inayi kapena isanu ndi umodzi.

Mabalawo akhoza kukhala opweteka kwa milungu ingapo yoyambirira. Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa ululu omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani pa izi.

• Imwani mankhwala anu monga momwe mwalangizidwira: Imwani mankhwala onse omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani panthawi yoyenera komanso mu mlingo woyenera.
• Sungani mabala oyera: Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu mosamala okhudza kutsuka ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi:Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi koyambirira ndi kuyenda. Pang'onopang'ono onjezerani mtunda womwe mumayenda tsiku lililonse. Koma musachite molimbika kuposa momwe dokotala wanu akulangizirani.
• Pewani kunyamula zolemera: Pewani kunyamula zolemera kwathunthu kwa miyezi ingapo.

Funsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomwe mungayambirenso kuyendetsa galimoto, kupita kuntchito, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi okhwima.

Ndiyenera kuyimbira dokotala nthawi yanji?

Ngati mukumva zizindikiro zotsatirazi mutabwerera kunyumba, imbani dokotala wanu kapena pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo .

Chochita pa nthawi yadzidzidzi? (Zadzidzidzi)

Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi za matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko , imbani ambulansi ya 1990 mwachangu kapena pitani ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi.

Zizindikiro za matenda a mtima

• Kupweteka, kupsinjika, kapena kusasangalala pakati pa chifuwa.
• Kuvuta kupuma.
• Kusanza, kusasangalala m'mimba.
• Kugunda kwa mtima.
• Kutopa kwambiri.
• Chizungulire, kutaya chidziwitso.
• Kutuluka thukuta kwambiri.

Zizindikiro za sitiroko

• Kusanza kapena kufooka mbali imodzi ya thupi (nkhope, mkono, kapena mwendo).
• Kuvuta kulankhula kapena kusokoneza mawu.
• Kutaya masomphenya mwadzidzidzi, masomphenya amodzi kapena awiri.
• Mutu waukulu mwadzidzidzi.
• Kuyenda movutikira, kutayika kwa mphamvu.

Kukumana ndi opaleshoni yaikulu kungakhale kovuta m'maganizo. Zimenezo n'zachibadwa. Kambiranani za mantha ndi nkhawa zanu ndi banja lanu, komanso dokotala wanu ndi gulu lanu lachipatala. Kupeza chidziwitso chonse chomwe mukufuna ndikukonzekera bwino maganizo kudzakuthandizani kwambiri pakuchira.