Kodi ntchito yanu ikukubweretserani mphumu? (Occupational Asthma) Tiyeni tidziwe izi!

Kodi mwadzidzidzi mumavutika kupuma kuntchito? Kapena nthawi zonse mumakhala ndi chifuwa, kutsekeka pachifuwa, kapena kupuma movutikira? Nthawi zina, simungadziwe kuti zinthuzi zikugwirizana ndi ntchito yanu. Lero, tikulankhula za vuto lotere, mphumu yokhudzana ndi ntchito. Timaitcha kuti (Occupational Asthma).

Kodi mphumu ya kuntchito ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, mphumu ya kuntchito ndi mtundu wa mphumu momwe zinthu zomwe zili kuntchito kwanu - monga fumbi, mankhwala, kapena nkhungu - zimalowa m'njira zanu zopumira, zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa ndikupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupuma. Izi zingayambitse matenda a mphumu, omwe ndi nthawi zovuta kupuma.

Nthawi zina zizindikiro zimatha kuwoneka mwachangu mutapuma mpweya m'zinthu izi. Nthawi zina, zingatenge nthawi yayitali kuti zizindikiro ziwonekere. Choncho, musaganize kuti, "Ndakhala ndikugwira ntchito iyi kwa nthawi yayitali, palibe chomwe chandichitikira."

Kodi mitundu ya zovala zokhudzana ndi ntchito ndi iti?

Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya mphumu yokhudzana ndi ntchito:

1. (Nthenda ya Mphumu ya Occupational): Apa ndi pamene munthu amene sanakhalepo ndi vuto la kupuma, kutanthauza matenda monga mphumu, amakhala ndi zizindikiro zatsopano za mphumu chifukwa chopuma zinthu kuntchito. Tangoganizirani, munthu wotchedwa Kamal amapita kukagwira ntchito ku shopu yatsopano yopaka utoto. Sanakhalepo ndi vuto lililonse la kupuma kale. Koma atatha miyezi ingapo akugwira ntchito, amayamba kupuma movutikira komanso kukhosomola, makamaka akamagwira ntchito. Izi zitha kukhala (Nthenda ya Mphumu ya Occupational).

2. (Mphuno yowonjezereka kuntchito): Izi zimachitika munthu amene ali kale ndi mphumu amaipiraipira ndi zinthu kuntchito (monga fumbi, utsi). Izi zikutanthauza kuti akhoza kukhala ndi matenda ambiri a mphumu kuposa masiku onse, kapena zizindikiro zake zingachitike pafupipafupi.

Kodi zizindikiro za mphumu ya kuntchito ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro zake zimafanana kwambiri ndi za mitundu ina ya mphumu. Izi ndi izi:

• Kupuma movutikira
• Kupuma movutikira - Iyi ndi phokoso la mluzu lomwe limachokera pachifuwa pamene mukupuma.
• Kulimba pachifuwa, kupweteka kapena kupanikizika
• Kutsokomola - Nthawi zina izi zingakhale chifuwa chouma, kapena chifuwa chokhala ndi phlegm.

Ngati zizindikirozi zikuonekera kwambiri masiku a ntchito ndipo zikuchepa pa nthawi ya tchuthi, n’zotheka kuti zikhale mphumu ya kuntchito.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa mphumu kuntchito?

Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi momwe thupi lanu limayankhira ku zinthu zomwe mumakumana nazo kuntchito. Mukapuma zinthu zina, njira zanu zopumira zimatupa ndipo zimatsekeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupuma.

Izi zitha kuchitika m'njira ziwiri:

1. Chifukwa cha kukwiya:Zinthu zina zimakwiyitsa mwachindunji njira zopumira. Izi nthawi zina zimatchedwa Reactive Airways Dysfunction Syndrome (RADS).

2. Kudwala matenda a ziwengo: Apa ndi pamene chitetezo cha mthupi lanu chimaganiza kuti pali chinthu chovulaza thupi lanu. Choncho chimayesetsa kuchichotsa ndikuyambitsa kutupa. Mtundu uwu wa ziwengo nthawi zina ungatenge nthawi yayitali kuti uchitike.

Monga momwe mumachitira mantha munthu wosadziwa akabwera m'nyumba mwanu, chitetezo cha mthupi chimagwiranso ntchito polimbana ndi chilichonse choipa chomwe chimalowa m'thupi mwanu. Koma nthawi zina, mavuto amayamba pamene njira imeneyi ikupita patsogolo kwambiri.

Ndipotu, fumbi ndi chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa kuyabwa m'mapapo komanso mphumu. Zinthu zoposa 300 zapezeka zomwe zingayambitse kapena kukulitsa mphumu. Nazi zina mwa izo:

• Nsalu za nyama, ubweya, nthenga
• Zipangizo zomangira, mwachitsanzo, zotetezera kutentha, kapeti, thovu
• Mankhwala - guluu, zokutira, utoto, mapulasitiki
• Utoto, ma vanishi, (ma spray a polyurethane)
• Latex - zinthu zopangidwa ndi rabara
• Ufa wa buledi, fumbi la tirigu
• Ufa wa nkhuni

Chofunika kwambiri kukumbukira ndichakuti ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito chigoba chopumira kapena zida zina zodzitetezera (PPE), mutha kudwalabe mphumu ya kuntchito . Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi zizindikiro, musazinyalanyaze.

Ndi ntchito ziti zomwe zili ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga mphumu kuntchito?

Ntchito iliyonse yomwe imakupangitsani kudwala matenda oyambitsa matenda a m'mapapo imakhala ndi chiopsezo ichi. Komabe, chiopsezocho chimakhala chachikulu pang'ono kwa iwo omwe amachita ntchito zotsatirazi:

• Ogwira ntchito m'mabakeri, alimi, ogwira ntchito m'magalasi, ogwira ntchito ku mphero
• Anthu omwe amagwira ntchito m'magawo azaumoyo (monga anamwino, ogwira ntchito m'ma laboratories)
• Anthu ogwira ntchito m'malo omwe mankhwala amapangidwa, makamaka komwe ufa wa mankhwala umatulutsidwa mumlengalenga
• Anthu omwe amagwira ntchito ndi ziweto (monga madokotala a ziweto, osunga ziweto)
• Anthu omwe nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito ndi zinthu zotsukira
• Anthu ogwira ntchito ndi zitsulo, pulasitiki, ndi matabwa (monga ukalipentala, kupanga mipando, kupanga zitsulo)
• Anthu ogwira ntchito mu utoto wa magalimoto ndi malo opopera mankhwala

Ndingadziwe bwanji ngati mphumu yanga imayamba chifukwa cha ntchito yanga?

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngati mphumu yanu imayamba chifukwa cha ntchito yanu? N'zosavuta. Ngati zizindikiro zanu zikuchepa mukapuma kuntchito, mukapita kutchuthi, kapena mukangokhala kunyumba kumapeto kwa sabata, ndiye kuti mwina pali chinachake kuntchito chomwe chikuyambitsa vutoli.

Komabe, nthawi zina zizindikiro sizimatha nthawi yomweyo mukachoka kuntchito. Zingatenge milungu ingapo kuti zizindikiro zichepe. Choncho musataye mtima chifukwa chakuti sizimatha pakatha tsiku limodzi kapena awiri.

Kodi mavuto omwe angakhalepo chifukwa cha mphumu kuntchito ndi ati?

Matenda a mphumu nthawi zina amatha kupha anthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kupuma kukhale kovuta. Komanso, kupitiriza kumwa mankhwala amenewa kungawononge mapapo, zomwe zingachititse kuti mapapo azivulala. Izi zingayambitse kutayika kwa ntchito ya mapapo kwamuyaya.

Kodi matenda a mphumu kuntchito amawapeza bwanji?

Izi zimazindikirika ndi katswiri wa ziwengo, dokotala wodziwa bwino za ziwengo, kapena katswiri wa mapapu, dokotala wodziwa bwino matenda opumira. Dokotalayo adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu ndikufunsani za matenda anu ndi a banja lanu.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuuza dokotala wanu ntchito yanu. Mwanjira imeneyi, dokotalayo amatha kudziwa chomwe chikuyambitsa matenda a mphumu.

Musanapite kwa dokotala wanu, zingakhale zothandiza kulemba nthawi imene zizindikiro zanu zimaonekera, kuchuluka kwake, komanso ngati zimachepa pochita zinthu zina. Izi zithandiza dokotala wanu kudziwa ngati izi ndi vuto la kuntchito kapena china chake.

Ndi mayeso ati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira mphumu ya kuntchito?

Dokotala wanu angachite mayeso ngati awa kuti aone momwe mapapu anu akugwirira ntchito komanso kuti apewe matenda ena:

• Kuyezetsa magazi chifukwa cha ziwengo kapena khungu: Izi zingakuthandizeni kudziwa ngati ziwengozo zikuyambitsa zizindikiro za mphumu.
• Spirometry: Iyi ndi njira yodziwika bwino yoyezera momwe mpweya umayendera m'mapapo mwanu.
• X-ray ya pachifuwa kapena CT scan: Izi zingathandize dokotala wanu kudziwa zina zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro zanu.
• Choyezera kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe umayenda: Ichi ndi chipangizo chaching'ono chomwe chingathe kuyeza kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe umatsekeka nthawi zina, monga mukakhala kuntchito. Dokotala wanu angakupatseni izi kuti mupite nazo kunyumba ndikukupemphani kuti muyeze nthawi zosiyanasiyana za tsiku ndikuzilemba.

Kodi mungatani kuti muchepetse mphumu ya kuntchito?

Anthu ambiri amatha kuchita izi ndi ma inhalers a tsiku ndi tsiku. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mankhwala osakaniza omwe amachepetsa kutupa (nthawi zambiri steroid) ndi mankhwala omwe amatsegula njira yopumira (bronchodilator). Chofunika kwambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito inhaler moyenera, tsiku lililonse, monga momwe dokotala wanu akukulangizirani. Dokotala wanu amakulangizaninso kuti mupewe zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa mphumu yanu momwe mungathere.

Komanso, dokotala angapereke mankhwala monga:

• Chopumira chopulumutsa: Muyenera kukhala ndi chopumira chokhala ndi bronchodilator yogwira ntchito mwachangu (monga albuterol) kuti mugwiritse ntchito ngati mphumu yanu ikula.
• (Nebulizer) Chimodzi:Mankhwala ena angatengedwe ngati nthunzi kudzera mu chigoba chomwe chimavalidwa pankhope pogwiritsa ntchito makina oyeretsera, osati kudzera mu inhaler.
• Mankhwala osinthira a Leukotriene: Mtundu wa mapiritsi omwe amamwedwa tsiku lililonse. Izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa zizindikiro za mphumu ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa matenda a mphumu.
• (Chithandizo cha zamoyo): Mankhwala ena owonjezerawa angafunike kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zoopsa omwe sanalandire chithandizo china.

Kodi pali mankhwala athunthu a mphumu ya kuntchito?

Monga mitundu ina ya mphumu, palibe mankhwala athunthu a mphumu ya kuntchito. Komabe, imatha kulamulidwa bwino popewa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani.

Kodi ndingayembekezere chiyani ngati ndili ndi (Occupational Asthma)?

Ngati muli ndi mphumu ya kuntchito, mutha kuchepetsa kapena kuthetsa matenda a mphumu ngati mungathe kupewa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Sizophweka nthawi zonse. Ngakhale mankhwala angathandize, ngati mupitilizabe kukhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, zizindikiro zimatha kupitirira ndipo mapapu anu angawonongeke kwamuyaya. Chifukwa chake, yesetsani kupewa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa momwe mungathere.

Kodi zingatenge nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti mumve bwino ngati mupewa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa mphumu yanu?

Mukasintha ntchito, mungayambe kumva bwino patatha masiku kapena milungu ingapo mutapewa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa mphumu yanu. Nthawi zina zingatenge nthawi yayitali. Mutha kufunsa dokotala wanu kuti zingatenge nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti mumve bwino.

Kodi mphumu ya kuntchito ingapewedwe?

Chofunika kwambiri chomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezochi ndikupewa kupuma zinthu zokhumudwitsa. Izi zingaphatikizepo kupempha kuti musinthe ntchito kuntchito kwanu, kapena kusintha ntchito ngati n'kotheka.

Pali njira zina zingapo zochepetsera chiopsezo cha kuwonjezereka kwa mphumu:

• Valani chigoba chopumira: Ngati simungathe kupewa zinthu zoyambitsa mkwiyo, zingathandize kuvala chigoba chovomerezeka kusefa zinthu zomwe mukugwiritsa ntchito.
• Gwirani ntchito m'malo omwe mpweya umalowa bwino : Kutsegula mawindo ndi zitseko kungathandize, koma sikungakhale kokwanira. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zoopsa, onetsetsani kuti pali njira yotulutsira utsi yomwe ikugwira ntchito bwino.
• Gwiritsani ntchito zinthu zolowa m'malo mwa zinthu zoopsa: Ngati n'kotheka, bwana wanu angagwiritse ntchito zinthu zomwe sizimakwiyitsa mapapo.
• Yang'anani miyezo ya chitetezo ndi thanzi kuntchito: Mutha kufunsa mabungwe achitetezo kuntchito m'dziko lanu (monga Dipatimenti Yoona za Ntchito ku Sri Lanka) kuti mudziwe ngati malo anu antchito ali ndi miyezo yoyenera.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zilizonse za mphumu pamene mukugwira ntchito, onetsetsani kuti mwaonana ndi dokotala.Lembani zizindikiro zanu, nthawi yomwe zimachitika, komanso ngati zikuchira ndi mankhwala enaake. Dokotala wanu angakutumizireni kwa katswiri.

Dokotala angakulangizeninso momwe mungalankhulire ndi abwana anu pankhaniyi.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita liti ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Ngati muli ndi mphumu yoopsa, muyenera kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi yomweyo. Gawo loyamba ndikugwiritsa ntchito chopumira chanu chopulumutsa.

Ngati chopumira chanu chopulumutsa sichikuthandizani, kapena mulibe nacho, pitani ku chipinda chapafupi chadzidzidzi. Zizindikiro za kuukira kwakukulu kwa mphumu ndi izi:

• Khungu limasanduka labuluu, milomo, ndi misomali zimasanduka labuluu (kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khungu loyera) kapena milomo ndi nkhama zimasanduka imvi kapena yoyera (kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khungu lakuda)
• Ndikumva kusakhazikika komanso kuda nkhawa kwambiri.
• Kulimba pachifuwa kapena kupweteka
• Kupuma mokweza kapena kukhosomola kosalekeza
• N'zovuta kulankhula.
• Kupuma mofulumira kwambiri

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Mukakumana ndi dokotala, zidzakuthandizani kufunsa mafunso ngati awa:

• Kodi ndiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito bwanji mankhwalawa/chipangizochi?
• Kodi ndiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito liti mankhwala anga opumulirako?
• Kodi ndiyenera kupita ku chipinda chadzidzidzi liti?
• Kodi ndingapewe bwanji matenda a mphumu?
• Kodi ndingapitirize kugwira ntchito imeneyi?
• Kodi pali chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa mapapo anga?

Pomaliza, muyenera kunena...

Mukazindikira kuti malo anu ogwirira ntchito akukudwalitsani, mungamve chisoni kwambiri komanso kukhumudwa. Mafunso monga, "Ndichite chiyani tsopano? Kodi ndisiye ntchito yanga?" angabwere m'maganizo mwanga. Komabe, si nthawi zonse muyenera kusiya ntchito yanu kuti muchiritsidwe ndi mphumu ya kuntchito. Pakhoza kukhala njira zina zotetezera thanzi lanu.

Chofunika kwambiri ndikupeza matenda, kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu, ndikuphunzira njira zothanirana ndi mphumu yanu. Lankhulaninso ndi abwana anu, ndikupemphani thandizo kuti mutenge njira zodzitetezera nokha ndi ena ku zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa mphumu yanu. Izi zitha kuphatikizapo zida zowonjezera zodzitetezera kapena kusintha ntchito yanu. Zinthu izi zitha kuoneka ngati zovuta, koma ndizofunika kwambiri pakapita nthawi kuti muteteze thanzi lanu. Simuli nokha, ndipo pali madokotala ndi akatswiri azaumoyo omwe angakuthandizeni panjira.

` Phumu, Phumu Yogwira Ntchito, Kuvuta Kupuma, Matenda a M'mapapo, Matenda Opumira, Ziwengo, Thanzi Lantchito