Kodi thupi lanu likuukira chiwindi chanu? Tiyeni tiphunzire za matenda a chiwindi a Autoimmune

Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo zomwe zingachitike ngati "gulu lankhondo" lomwe lili mkati mwa matupi athu, lomwe limayenera kutiteteza ku matenda, nthawi zina lingasocheretsedwe ndikuyamba kuukira ziwalo zathu zathanzi? Ndicho chinthu chomvetsa chisoni, koma chosiyana kwambiri chomwe tikambirana lero. Pankhaniyi, chitetezo chathu cha mthupi, gulu lankhondo loteteza, liyamba kuukira chiwindi chathu popanda chifukwa. Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha kuti Autoimmune Hepatitis mu mankhwala.

Mwachidule, kodi matenda a chiwindi a Autoimmune ndi chiyani?

Tangoganizani kuti pali gulu lankhondo lomwe likuteteza dziko lathu. Ntchito yokha ya gululo ndikuteteza dzikolo ku adani akunja (monga majeremusi monga mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya). Chitetezo cha mthupi lathu chili chotere. Chimakhala tcheru nthawi zonse, kufunafuna ndi kuwononga majeremusi omwe amalowa m'thupi.

Koma, mu matenda a chiwindi a Autoimmune, chinthu chachilendo kwambiri chimachitika. Chinachake chimalakwika ndi chitetezo chamthupi ichi ndipo chimazindikira maselo athu a chiwindi ngati "mdani." Kenako gulu lankhondoli, kapena ma antibodies, limayamba kuukira maselo athu osalakwa a chiwindi monga momwe limaukira adani akunja.

Chiwindi chikaukiridwa motere nthawi zonse, chimatupa ndi kutupa. Tikuchitcha kuti matenda a chiwindi. Pakapita nthawi, kuwonongeka kumeneku kumatha kuwonjezeka ndikuwononga chiwindi kwambiri.

Imeneyi si matenda ofala kwambiri. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti anthu pakati pa 10 ndi 50 pa 100,000 aliwonse amadwala matendawa.

Kodi pali mitundu ikuluikulu ya matenda a chiwindi otchedwa autoimmune hepatitis?

Inde, pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu. Mitundu iwiriyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wa ma antibodies omwe chitetezo chathu cha mthupi chimapanga. Izi ndi zovuta pang'ono, koma ndibwino kudziwa ngati dokotala wanu akulankhula za izi.

Kodi zizindikiro za matendawa ndi ziti?

Chinthu chimodzi pankhaniyi ndi chakuti si aliyense amene ali ndi zizindikiro. Mwina simukudziwa kuti muli nazo. Dokotala wanu angazindikire mwangozi akamayesa magazi kuti adziwe vuto lina. Kwa anthu ena, zizindikiro zimatha kuwonekera chiwindi chikayamba kusokonekera.

Ngati muyamba kuona zizindikiro, chinthu choyamba chomwe mungazindikire ndi kutopa kosaneneka. Mungamve kutopa ngakhale mutagona tsiku lonse.

Komanso, mukhoza kuona zizindikiro izi:

• Kutuluka kwachikasu pakhungu ndi maso (Jaundice)
• Kukanda khungu
• Kuwoneka kwa ziphuphu zosiyanasiyana pakhungu
• Kupweteka kwa mafupa
• Kuwawa kwam'mimba
• Kusanza ndi kusanza
• Chilakolako cha chakudya
• Mkodzo wakuda (monga mtundu wa madzi a tiyi)
• Chimbudzi chotuwa kapena cha imvi

N’chifukwa chiyani matenda amtunduwu amapezeka?

Ofufuza sakudziwabe chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa. Koma tikudziwa kuti ndi matenda omwe amayambitsa chitetezo chamthupi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti amayamba chifukwa cha vuto linalake m'thupi lathu. Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zikuganiziridwa kuti zimayambitsa matendawa:

• Matenda a majini: Anthu ena ali ndi matenda a majini omwe amachititsa kuti munthu adwale matenda odziteteza ku matenda enaake. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi matendawa, inunso mungakhale ndi mwayi wochepa woti matendawa adwale.
• Matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi: Ngati mudadwalapo kale matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi monga Epstein-Barr, herpes, parvovirus B19, kapena hepatitis A, B, kapena C, akhoza "kuyambitsa" chitetezo cha mthupi ndikuchipangitsa kuti chisagwire bwino ntchito mwanjira imeneyi.
• Zinthu Zachilengedwe: Poizoni wina kapena zochitika zina zomwe zimachitika m'chilengedwe zingayambitse chitetezo cha mthupi kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso.
• Mankhwala ena:Kawirikawiri, mankhwala ena (monga nitrofurantoin, minocycline, ndi atorvastatin) angayambitse vutoli.

Kodi matenda a Autoimmune hepatitis ndi opatsirana?

Ayi. Ayi konse. Iyi si matenda opatsirana. Matenda a chiwindi omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mavairasi monga Hepatitis A, B, ndi C amatha kufalikira kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina. Koma matenda a chiwindi a Autoimmune ndi njira yomwe imachitika m'thupi lathu. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukhudza munthu amene ali ndi matendawa, kapena kugawana naye chakudya kapena chakumwa, simudzadwala matendawa mwanjira iliyonse.

Ndani amene ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa?

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti matendawa ndi ofala kwambiri pakati pa akazi. Mwa odwala 10, 7 ndi akazi. Komanso, matendawa nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa azaka zapakati pa 15 ndi 40.

Kuphatikiza apo, munthu amene ali kale ndi matenda ena a autoimmune ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a Autoimmune Hepatitis.

Kodi mavuto ake ndi otani ngati sanachiritsidwe?

Apa ndi pomwe tonse tiyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri. Ngati matenda a chiwindi a Autoimmune Hepatitis sachiritsidwa bwino, kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi kumatha kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono ndikubweretsa mavuto akulu.

• Matenda a chiwindi: Chiwindi chikawonongeka pakapita nthawi, maselo a chiwindi abwino amalowedwa m'malo ndi minofu ya zipsera. Chiwindi chimakhala cholimba ngati mwala. Izi zimapangitsa kuti chisagwire bwino ntchito yake.
• Kulephera kwa chiwindi: Chiwindi chikayamba kudwala kwambiri, chimatha kusiya kugwira ntchito. Izi zimaika moyo pachiswe.
• Khansa ya chiwindi: Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a cirrhosis ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa ya chiwindi.
• Mitsempha ya varicose: Pamene magazi akuyenda m'chiwindi atsekedwa, kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mitsempha ya m'mero ​​ndi m'mimba kumawonjezeka ndipo imatupa. Ngati izi zaphulika, zingayambitse kutuluka magazi kwambiri.
• Ascites: Chiwindi chikalephera kugwira ntchito bwino, madzi amayamba kusonkhana m'mimba.

Kodi madokotala amazindikira bwanji matendawa?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi kapena ngati mayeso pazifukwa zina akusonyeza vuto la chiwindi chanu, dokotala wanu angaganize kuti matendawa ndi owopsa. Njira yodziwira matendawa imafuna njira zingapo.

1. Kukufunsani zambiri: Dokotala adzakufunsani mafunso ambiri okhudza zizindikiro zanu, ngati pali aliyense m'banja mwanu amene ali ndi matendawa, mankhwala omwe mumamwa, komanso ngati mumamwa mowa.

2. Kuyezetsa thupi: Maso ndi khungu lanu lidzayezetsedwa ngati lili ndi chikasu (jaundice), mimba yanu idzayezetsedwa ngati ili ndi kutupa kwa chiwindi kapena ndulu, madzi m'mimba, ndi miyendo yotupa.

3. Mayeso apadera: Mayeso angapo amachitidwa kuti atsimikizire matendawa.

Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?

Cholinga chachikulu cha chithandizo ndikuwongolera chitetezo cha mthupi chomwe chimagwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso ndikuletsa kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi. Mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya mankhwala imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi.

1. Mankhwala a Corticosteroids

Mankhwala awa ndi a steroid. Amagwira ntchito pochepetsa kutupa m'thupi mwachangu. Dokotala wanu adzayamba kumwa mankhwala ambiri ndipo pang'onopang'ono amachepetsa mlingo pamene vuto lanu likukulirakulira. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi prednisone . Ngakhale kuti izi zimagwira ntchito bwino kwa anthu ambiri, zingayambitse zotsatira zina zoyipa. Pali njira zina, monga budesonide , koma sizoyenera anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi.

2. Mankhwala oletsa chitetezo cha m'thupi

Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito poletsa chitetezo cha mthupi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chichepetse liwiro lake. Angayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imodzi ndi ma steroid, kapena kuperekedwa mlingo wa steroid utachepetsedwa. Azathioprine ndi CellCept® ndi awiri mwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

Popeza ali ndi zotsatirapo zochepa poyerekeza ndi ma steroids, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chithandizo chosamalira kwa nthawi yayitali. Mungafunike kumwa mankhwalawa nthawi ndi nthawi m'moyo wanu wonse.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti muwone zotsatira za chithandizo?

Cholinga chachikulu cha chithandizo ndikupeza mpumulo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zizindikiro zonse ndi zotsatira za mayeso zibwerera mwakale. Izi zingatenge miyezi kapena zaka kuti zitheke.

Ngati matendawa atha kwa zaka zosachepera ziwiri, dokotala angasankhe kusiya kumwa mankhwalawo. Komabe, akasiya kumwa mankhwalawo, pali mwayi woti matendawa abwereranso (kubwereranso). Pafupifupi 50% ya anthu omwe ayamba kumwa mankhwalawo, matendawa abwereranso ndipo ayenera kuyamba kumwa mankhwalawo kachiwiri.

Kwa anthu ena, matendawa satha kwathunthu ndi mankhwala. Zikatero, dokotala amayesa mitundu ina ya mankhwala. Nthawi zambiri, odwala ena sangayankhe chithandizo. Ngati matendawa afika poipa kwambiri kapena mavuto aakulu achitika, njira yomaliza ingakhale kuyika chiwindi .

Kodi tsogolo la munthu amene ali ndi matendawa ndi lotani?

Ili ndi vuto lomwe anthu ambiri ali nalo. Zoona zake n'zakuti, ngati silinalandire chithandizo, matendawa ndi owopsa. Ngati silinalandire chithandizo, pafupifupi 50% ya odwala amafa mkati mwa zaka 5.

Koma, ndi chithandizo choyenera, zinthu zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri. 91% ya omwe amalandira chithandizo amakhalabe ndi moyo patatha zaka 10. 70% amakhalabe ndi moyo patatha zaka 20. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndi chithandizo, mutha kukhala ndi moyo wopambana kwambiri komanso wautali.

Kukhala ndi matenda osatha ngati awa kungakhale kovuta m'maganizo. Koma podziwa njira zomwe mungasankhire chithandizo komanso kugwira ntchito limodzi ndi dokotala wanu, mutha kuwongolera thanzi lanu. Chithandizo chodziwitsidwa bwino komanso chodzipereka ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yokonzera tsogolo lanu.