Dokotala wanu akakuuzani kuti muli ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri, pali njira zingapo zowongolera matendawa. Zinthu monga kudya bwino komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse zingathandize kwambiri. Koma nthawi zina, mungafunike kugwiritsa ntchito insulin ndi mankhwala ena kuti muwongolere bwino shuga m'magazi mwanu. Chifukwa chake, pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zogwiritsira ntchito insulin. Imodzi ndi bolus insulin, ndipo inayo ndi basal insulin, yomwe tikulankhula lero.
Ndiye, kodi insulin ya basal ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, izi zimatchedwanso "background insulin." Tangoganizirani, kapamba m'thupi la munthu wathanzi amapanga insulin pang'onopang'ono tsiku lonse, maola 24 patsiku. Ngakhale pamene sitikudya, insulin yochulukayi imafunika kuti thupi lathu lizigwira ntchito zofunika kwambiri. Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha basal insulin.
Njira yachilengedwe imeneyi siichitika bwino m'thupi la munthu amene ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu wachiwiri. Pamenepo dokotala wanu adzakulangizani kuti mutenge "Basal Insulin" yakunja. Insulin iyi ikalowetsedwa m'thupi, imalowa mwachangu m'thupi ndipo imathandiza kuti shuga m'magazi mwanu azikhala bwino tsiku lonse.
Kawirikawiri, ngati mukuyamba kulandira insulin ya matenda a shuga, dokotala wanu adzayamba kugwiritsa ntchito 'basal insulin' iyi. Mutha kuyamba ndi jakisoni imodzi patsiku. Ngati zimenezo sizikwanira, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuwonjezera insulin yogwira ntchito mwachangu kuti mumwe musanadye kapena mutatha kudya.
Kodi pali mitundu iti ya insulin ya basal?
Insulin yoyambira nthawi zambiri imalowetsedwa mu mafuta omwe ali pansi pa khungu. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito syringe ndi singano pa izi. Palinso mapeni odzaza kale omwe ndi osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito kwa anthu ena.
Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya insulin yoyambira. Mitundu imeneyi imasiyana malinga ndi momwe imayambira kugwira ntchito mwachangu m'thupi (kuyamba), ikafika pachimake (kuchuluka), komanso nthawi yomwe imakhalapo m'thupi (nthawi). Dokotala wanu adzasankha mtundu womwe ungakhale wabwino kwa inu kutengera zinthu monga kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi moyo wanu.
| Mtundu wa insulin | Kufotokozera ndi zitsanzo |
|---|---|
| Kuchita zinthu zapakati | Izi zimayamba kugwira ntchito mkati mwa ola limodzi kapena awiri, zimafika pachimake pakati pa maola 4-12, ndipo zimatha kwa maola pafupifupi 24. Mwachitsanzo: NPH (Humulin N, Novolin N) |
| Yogwira ntchito nthawi yayitali | Izi zimatenga pafupifupi maola awiri kuti zilowe m'magazi. Koma zimakhalabe zogwira ntchito kwa maola pafupifupi 24. Mitundu iyi siili ndi "chimake chachikulu", kutanthauza kuti, ilibe mwayi wofika pachimake nthawi imodzi. Chifukwa chake, imapanga insulin mwachilengedwe ndipo imakhala ndi zotsatira zomwezo. Mwachitsanzo: Detemir (Levemir), Glargine (Basaglar, Lantus) |
| Yogwira ntchito nthawi yayitali kwambiri | Izi zimatenga pakati pa ola limodzi ndi limodzi mpaka asanu ndi limodzi kuti ziyambe kugwira ntchito, koma zimatha kugwira ntchito kwa maola 36 kapena kuposerapo. Mitundu iyi ilibe "chiwongola dzanja," kotero mphamvu yake imakhalabe yofanana. Mwachitsanzo: Degludec (Tresiba), Glargine u-300 (Toujeo) |
Kodi ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito basal insulin ndi wotani?
Chimodzi mwa zabwino zazikulu za izi ndikuti mumangofunika jakisoni kamodzi kapena kawiri patsiku, zomwe ndi zosavuta kwambiri poyerekeza ndi insulin ya bolus yomwe mumamwa mukadya.
Komanso, mumapeza ufulu wambiri komanso kusinthasintha . Simuyenera kutsatira nthawi yodyera ndikudzibaya jakisoni. Mutha kuyendayenda pang'ono kuti mudye, mugwire ntchito yanu, kapena kuyenda.
Mankhwala a insulin omwe amagwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali awa ndi othandiza kwambiri popewa kutsika kwa shuga m'magazi (hypoglycemia), makamaka panthawi yosala kudya usiku wonse.
Kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi ndi chinthu chomwe tiyenera kusamala nacho kwambiri pochiza matenda a insulin. Matendawa angayambitse mavuto a mtima, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale imfa. Chifukwa chake, kuchepetsa chiopsezochi ndi mwayi waukulu wa `Basal Insulin`.
Kodi palibe vuto lililonse? Tiyeni tiphunzirenso za zotsatira zake zoyipa.
Insulin ndi mankhwala otetezeka kwambiri, koma nthawi zina zotsatirapo zazing'ono zimatha kuchitika.
Choyamba ndi mtengo . Ma insulin ena ogwira ntchito nthawi yayitali amatha kukhala okwera mtengo pang'ono kuposa mitundu ina yogwira ntchito nthawi yochepa. Chifukwa chake ndi chinthu chomwe tiyenera kuganizira.
Zotsatirapo zazikulu
- Kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi (Hypoglycemia):Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndichakuti thupi limalandira insulin yochuluka kuposa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi panthawiyo. Izi zikachitika, mutha kuwona zizindikiro monga kufooka, kugwedezeka, kukwiya, thukuta, komanso kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika . Ngati mukukumana ndi vuto lotere, idyani mwachangu china chake chokhala ndi shuga pang'ono (monga chakumwa chotsekemera, toffee) ndikudziwitsa dokotala wanu.
- Kunenepa: Izi ndi vuto kwa anthu ambiri. Insulin imathandiza maselo kugwiritsa ntchito shuga mosavuta mu chakudya chomwe timadya kuti apeze mphamvu. Komabe, ngati tidya ma calories ambiri kuposa omwe thupi lathu limafunikira, shuga wowonjezerawo ukhoza kusungidwa ngati mafuta mkati mwa maselo ndikupangitsa kuti munthu anenepe. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kudya zakudya zabwino komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi .
- Matenda a malo obayira jakisoni: Nthawi zina malo obayira jakisoni amatha kufiira, kutupa, kapena kuyabwa. Izi zitha kuchepetsedwa pozungulira malo obayira jakisoni m'malo mobayira jakisoni pamalo omwewo.
Kodi ndingadziwe bwanji mlingo wa insulin womwe ndikufuna?
Funso ili ndi lofunika kwambiri. Kumbukirani kuti dokotala wanu yekha ndi amene angasankhe mlingo wa insulin womwe mukufuna. Musasinthe mlingo wanu wa insulin kutengera momwe mukumvera kapena zomwe wina wakuuzani.
Dokotala wanu nthawi zambiri amakuyambitsani mlingo woyambira kutengera kulemera kwanu . Kenako, adzayang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu kwa masiku angapo ndikusintha mlingo pang'onopang'ono (monga, ndi mayunitsi 2-4) kuti apeze mlingo woyenera kwa inu. Izi zili ngati kuyesa diresi. Zimatenga nthawi kuti mupeze mlingo woyenera kwa inu. Chifukwa chake khalani oleza mtima ndikutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu ndendende .
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Insulin yoyambira ndi mankhwala omwe amatsanzira insulin "yam'mbuyo" yomwe matupi athu amapanga mwachilengedwe tsiku lonse.
- Mukamagwiritsa ntchito izi, mumakhala ndi ufulu wambiri chifukwa chiwerengero cha jakisoni patsiku chimachepa ndipo sichimakhudzana ndi chakudya.
- Phindu lalikulu ndikuwongolera shuga m'magazi mokhazikika komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha hypoglycemia, makamaka usiku.
- Kudziwa ndi kusintha mlingo wa insulin kuyenera kuchitika ndi dokotala wanu yekha . Musayese kusintha nokha.
- Dziwani mavuto monga kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mavutowo.
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