Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi Beta Thalassemia, tikudziwa momwe moyo ungakhalire wovuta. Kuyika magazi nthawi zonse komanso kukhala ndi mavuto omwe amabwera nawo sikophweka. Koma lero, ndi kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ya zamankhwala, tikambirana za njira yothandizira yomwe ingachiritse matendawa kwathunthu. Ndiko kuyika maselo oyambira, kapena monga momwe anthu ambiri amadziwira, "Kuyika maselo oyambira".
Mwachidule, kodi kusintha maselo oyambira n’chiyani?
Tiyeni timvetse izi mosavuta. Tangoganizani kuti thupi lathu lili ndi fakitale yopanga magazi. Timatcha mafuta a m'mafupa . Iyi ndi gawo lopanda siponji mkati mwa mafupa athu akuluakulu. Mu thalassemia, chomwe chimachitika ndichakuti makina ena (maselo) mufakitale iyi, kutanthauza kuti, m'mafuta a m'mafupa, sagwira ntchito bwino. Chifukwa chake, maselo ofiira athanzi komanso abwino samapangidwa mokwanira.
Mukaika maselo oyambira, maselo a m'mafupa omwe sagwira ntchito bwino m'thupi lanu amachotsedwa ndikusinthidwa ndi maselo oyambira m'magazi (Hematopoietic Stem Cells) kuchokera kwa munthu wathanzi. Maselo atsopanowa ali ngati fakitale yatsopano. Amapita ku mafupa anu ndikuyamba kupanga maselo ofiira amagazi athanzi.
Ndiko kuti, kuli ngati kuchotsa makina akale osagwira ntchito, kuyika makina atsopano, ndikuyambitsanso fakitale.
Kodi njira imeneyi yosinthira ziwalo imachitika bwanji?
Izi zimachitika m'magawo angapo.
Musanasamutse chomera
Choyamba, muyenera kuwononga maselo akale a m'mafupa omwe sagwira ntchito bwino m'thupi lanu. Ndicho chifukwa chake chemotherapy imatanthauza. Mawu akuti "chemo" angawopseze anthu ena, koma apa amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo m'mafupa kuti maselo atsopano, athanzi alowe ndikukhazikika. Zili ngati kuchotsa udzu wakale wonse ndikukonzekera nthaka musanabzale.
Pa nthawi yopatsirana
Iyi si opaleshoni yaikulu monga momwe mungaganizire. Zili ngati kupereka magazi. Maselo oyambira kuchokera kwa wopereka magazi amalowetsedwa m'thupi lanu kudzera mu chubu cha pulasitiki (catheter) chomwe chimayikidwa pachifuwa chanu. Maselo amenewa amayenda m'magazi anu, amapeza malo awo mu fupa la mafupa, ndikukhazikika pamenepo. Pamenepo ndi pomwe amayamba kupanga maselo athanzi amagazi.
Kodi maselo amenewa timawapeza kuti?
Iyi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri komanso lovuta kwambiri la chithandizochi. Sitingathe kutenga maselo kuchokera kwa aliyense. Kugwirizana kwa majini pakati pa wopereka ndi wolandira kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kwambiri.
- Chofanana bwino kwambiri:Wopereka chithandizo chabwino kwambiri ndi mchimwene kapena mlongo wa wodwalayo. Amakhala ndi majini ofanana bwino kwambiri.
- Njira zina: Koma musataye mtima kuti simunapeze m'bale wanu amene angafanane ndi wanu. Pali mwayi wopeza majini ofanana kudzera m'maakaunti apadziko lonse lapansi a opereka chithandizo, ngakhale mutakhala kuti simuli achibale anu. Izi zitha kutenga nthawi yambiri.
Kodi zoopsa za chithandizochi ndi ziti?
Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi chithandizo chachikulu chilichonse, pali zoopsa zina. Ndikofunikira kukambirana izi momasuka ndi dokotala wanu.
| Chiwopsezo | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo | Ngati kuchuluka kwa chitsulo m'thupi kukuwonjezeka chifukwa cha kuikidwa magazi pafupipafupi komanso ziwalo monga mtima ndi chiwindi zawonongeka, chiopsezocho chingakule kwambiri mutachotsa chiwalocho. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti chithandizo cha chelation chichitike bwino musanachotse chiwalocho. |
| Matenda Okhudzana ndi Kupatsirana (GVHD) | Chomwe chimachitika pankhaniyi ndichakuti maselo opereka omwe angoikidwa kumene amazindikira thupi la wodwalayo ngati 'mdani' ndipo amaliukira. Pali mankhwala oletsa izi. |
| Matenda | Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa GVHD ndi chemotherapy omwe amaperekedwa musanaikidwe mankhwala amachepetsa chitetezo cha mthupi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mukhale ndi matenda opatsirana ndi mabakiteriya. Komabe, madokotala adzakupatsani mankhwala monga maantibayotiki kuti mupewe izi panthawiyi. |
Chofunika kwambiri, chithandizochi chingakhale chothandiza kwambiri kwa achinyamata, makamaka ana osakwana zaka 14. Komanso, kuwonongeka kochepa kwa ziwalo za thupi musanaikidwe, zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino kwambiri.
Zotsatirapo zomwe zingachitike mutalandira chithandizo
Pali zotsatirapo zingapo za nthawi yochepa komanso yayitali zomwe zingachitike mutasinthana.
Chofunika kwambiri ndi momwe munthu angathandizire kukhala ndi ana (Kusabereka) . Mankhwala amphamvu a chemotherapy omwe amaperekedwa musanaikidwe akhoza kuwononga mazira a akazi komanso kupanga umuna mwa amuna. Koma tsopano palinso njira zothetsera vutoli. Amuna amatha kusunga umuna wawo ndipo akazi amatha kusunga mazira awo (kuzizira umuna/dzira) asanalandire chithandizo. Ndikofunikira kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu pasadakhale za izi ndikupeza upangiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, zotsatirazi zitha kuchitika nthawi yochepa mutabzala:
- Kupweteka pakamwa kapena pakhosi
- Kusanza ndi kusanza
- Kutuluka magazi kapena kuvulala
- Kutupa kwa mapapo
Zimatenga pafupifupi milungu iwiri mpaka isanu ndi umodzi kuti maselo oyambira awa apite ku mafupa, kuyamba kugwira ntchito, ndikubwezeretsa chiwerengero cha maselo m'magazi mwanu kukhala abwinobwino. Gulu lachipatala lidzakuyang'anirani kwambiri panthawiyi. Choncho palibe chodetsa nkhawa.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kuika maselo oyambira ndi njira yochizira matenda a beta thalassemia, koma si yoyenera aliyense.
- Izi zikuphatikizapo kusintha maselo a mafupa omwe ali ndi matenda ndi maselo oyambira omwe amachokera kwa wopereka wathanzi.
- Wopereka chithandizo woyenera kwambiri ndi mchimwene kapena mlongo wa wodwalayo, koma opereka chithandizo ena angapezekenso.
- Popeza pali zoopsa ndi zotsatirapo zake, ndikofunikira kukambirana bwino ndi dokotala wanu musanasankhe chithandizochi.
- Mankhwalawa akupitirirabe kusintha, choncho khalani ndi chiyembekezo cha mtsogolo.
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