Kodi mudawonapo mawu oti 'Blasts' mukamawona lipoti lanu la magazi? Ndizachilendo kumva mantha pang'ono komanso chidwi mukawona. Chifukwa mawu osazolowereka awa amanena zambiri zokhudza thanzi lathu. Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za zomwe Ma Blosts awa ali, momwe alili ofunikira m'thupi lathu, komanso zomwe kuchuluka kwawo kumasonyeza. Musadandaule, tiyeni timvetse izi mosavuta.
Kodi ma Blast Cells ndi chiyani mwachidule?
Mwachidule, maselo ophulika ndi "maselo aang'ono" kapena maselo osakhwima. Monga khanda. Awa ndi maselo omwe pambuyo pake amakula, kutanthauza kuti, amakula, ndikukhala mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maselo omwe matupi athu amafunikira. Koma ngati lipoti lanu la labu likunena za "maselo ophulika," mwina limatanthauza maselo osakhwima a magazi . Akatswiri a zamagazi ndi a khansa amafufuza kuchuluka kwa maselo ophulika m'magazi anu kuti apeze mfundo zokhudzana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana okhudzana ndi magazi.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa ma stem cell ndi ma blast cell?
Ichinso ndi chinthu chomwe chimasokoneza anthu ambiri. Ganizirani za maselo oyambira ngati "selo loyambirira" lomwe limayambitsa chilichonse. Lili ngati mtanda wa dongo. Titha kupanga chilichonse kuchokera ku mtanda wa dongo, monga mphika, chikho, chilichonse. Umu ndi momwe maselo oyambira alili. Amatha kukhala mtundu uliwonse wa selo.
Maselo ophulika ndi gawo lotsatira pakukula kwa maselo oyambira awa. Tsopano tayamba kupanga mphika kuchokera ku dothi limenelo, ndipo likuyamba kupanga mawonekedwe. Tsopano sitingathe kupanganso chikho. Chifukwa chake, selo lophulika ndi selo lomwe layamba kuyenda ulendo winawake. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, lasankha kukhala selo lofiira la magazi, selo loyera la magazi, kapena platelet. Ndicho chifukwa chake maselo ophulika amatchedwanso "maselo oyambira."
Ntchito ya maselo ophulika m'thupi lathu ndi komwe amapangika
Maselo ophulika ndi gawo limodzi chabe la njira yopangira magazi m'thupi lathu. Njira yopangira magazi iyi timaitcha kuti 'Hematopoiesis'. Izi zimachitika makamaka mkati mwa mafupa athu. Mafuta a m'mafupa ali ngati fakitale yopanga magazi m'thupi lathu.
Mkati mwa fakitale iyi, selo lalikulu lotchedwa `Hematopoietic Stem Cell (HSC)` limapanga mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya maselo ophulika:
- Myeloblast: Maselo ophulika awa pambuyo pake amakula kukhala maselo ofiira a magazi (omwe amanyamula mpweya), mitundu ina ya maselo oyera a magazi (granulocytes - omwe amalimbana ndi matenda), ndi ma platelet (omwe amathandiza magazi kuundana).
- Lymphoblast: Maselo ophulika amenewa pambuyo pake amasanduka ma lymphocyte, mtundu wina wofunikira wa maselo oyera a magazi (gawo lofunika kwambiri la chitetezo cha mthupi).
Chofunika kwambiri n’chakuti “maselo a ana,” kapena maselo ophulika, ayenera kukhala mkati mwa fakitale yotchedwa bone marrow mpaka atakhwima mokwanira. Pokhapokha akakhwima mokwanira ndipo okonzeka kugwira ntchito ndi pamene amalowa m’magazi. Chifukwa chake, ngati lipoti likunena kuti pali maselo ophulika m’magazi anu, zikutanthauza kuti “maselo a ana” atuluka m’fakitale. Zimenezo zingakhale chizindikiro cha vuto.
Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa maselo ophulika?
Maselo ophulika ayenera kukhala osachepera 5% ya chiwerengero chonse cha maselo omwe ali mu mafupa a munthu wathanzi. Komanso, sipayenera kukhala maselo ophulika m'magazi a munthu wathanzi.
Ngati muli ndi maselo ambiri ophulika m'mafupa anu kapena m'magazi, izi zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha khansa ya m'magazi monga khansa ya m'magazi, makamaka ngati maselowa amawoneka osazolowereka akamawonedwa ndi maikulosikopu.
Mukhoza kumvetsetsa bwino izi kuchokera pa tebulo ili m'munsimu.
| Mkhalidwe | Chiwerengero cha Maselo Ophulika | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|---|
| Matenda a Myeloid Leukemia (AML) | 20% kapena kuposerapo mu m'mafupa kapena m'magazi | Iyi ndi khansa yomwe imafalikira mofulumira. Maselo ophulika osazolowereka (myeloblasts) amadzaza mafuta a m'mafupa ndipo amaletsa maselo athanzi a magazi kuti asapangidwe. |
| Matenda a Myelodysplastic (MDS) | Pakati pa 5% ndi 20% ya mafuta a m'mafupa | Uwu ndi mtundu wina wa khansa ya m'magazi. Maselo ophulika amafa mkati mwa mafupa osakhwima bwino. Izi zimapangitsa kuti maselo athanzi achepe ndipo zimayambitsa matenda monga kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi. |
| Matenda a Myeloid Leukemia Osatha (CML) | Zimasiyana malinga ndi gawo:
| Khansa iyi imakula mofulumira. Kuopsa kwa matendawa kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa kuphulika. Chilichonse choposa 20% chimakhala choopsa ngati AML. |
| Khansa ya m'magazi ya Lymphoblastic (YONSE) | 20% kapena kuposerapo kwa mafuta a m'mafupa | Uwu ndi mtundu wa khansa wofala kwambiri mwa ana aang'ono. Maselo ophulika osazolowereka (lymphoblasts) amakula kwambiri ndipo amatenga malo mu fupa la mafupa. |
Kodi maselo ophulika amatha kuchulukana popanda kuyambitsa khansa?
Inde, mungathe. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Kuwonjezeka kwa maselo ophulika sikutanthauza khansa nthawi zonse. Matenda ena omwe si khansa ndi mankhwala angayambitsenso maselo ophulika kulowa m'magazi kwakanthawi.
- Matenda Oopsa: Thupi likadwala matenda oopsa monga `Sepsis`, thupi lathu limayamba kupanga maselo oyera ambiri kuti alimbane ndi matendawa. Panthawiyi, maselo ena osakhwima amathanso kulowa m'magazi kuchokera m'mafupa.
- Chithandizo cha G-CSF: Mukalandira chithandizo cha khansa monga chemotherapy, maselo oyera amagazi amachepa. Panthawiyo, jakisoni wotchedwa `Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)` amaperekedwa kuti alimbikitse kupanga maselo oyera amagazi. Jakisoniyu amathanso kuwonjezera kwakanthawi kuchuluka kwa maselo ophulika m'magazi.
- Kusamutsa maselo oyambira: Pambuyo posamutsa maselo oyambira chifukwa cha vuto linalake, chiwerengero cha maselo ophulika chingawonjezeke panthawi yopanga magazi atsopano.
Koma chofunika ndichakuti maselo ophulika omwe si a khansa nthawi zambiri amawoneka athanzi pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu. Amatha kugwira ntchito yawo akamakula. Mu khansa, timawona maselo ophulika osazolowereka, osasinthika.
Kodi mumayesa bwanji kuchuluka kwa maselo ophulika?
Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mayeso angapo akuluakulu kuti adziwe za maselo ophulika.
- Kupaka Magazi Pambali (PBS):Izi zimaphatikizapo kupaka dontho la magazi anu pa galasi loonera ndikuyang'ana pansi pa maikulosikopu. Izi zimakupatsani mwayi wodziwa ngati pali maselo ophulika m'magazi, momwe amaonekera, komanso kuchuluka kwake.
- Kuyesa kwa mafupa: Iyi ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera chidziwitso cholondola komanso chokwanira chokhudza maselo ophulika. Kufufuza kwa mafupa kapena kufinya m'mimba kumaphatikizapo kutenga singano yaying'ono kuchokera ku fupa lalikulu, monga fupa la m'chiuno, ndikutenga chitsanzo cha mafupa. Kenako imayesedwa mu labu kuti idziwe kuchuluka kwa maselo ophulika ndi mtundu wawo weniweni.
- Kuchuluka kwa Magazi Okwanira (CBC): Izi zimayesa kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira a magazi anu, maselo oyera a magazi, ndi ma platelet. Maselo ophulika akamawonjezeka, chiwerengero cha maselo athanzi awa chimatha kuchepa.
Choncho musachite mantha ngati muwona 'kuphulika' pa lipoti lanu. Kungakhale chizindikiro cha vuto lalikulu, ndipo nthawi zina lingakhale vuto la kanthawi kochepa. Chofunika kwambiri ndikulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za vutoli ndikutsatira malangizo ake. Adzakutumizani kwa katswiri wa magazi ngati pakufunika kutero.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Maselo ophulika ndi maselo a magazi osakhwima, "akhanda". Sapezeka m'magazi a munthu wathanzi.
- Kuchuluka kwa maselo ophulika m'magazi kapena m'mafupa (makamaka opitilira 20%) kungakhale chizindikiro chachikulu cha khansa ya m'magazi monga khansa ya m'magazi.
- Komabe, matenda aakulu ndi njira zina zamankhwala zingawonjezere kwakanthawi kuchuluka kwa maselo ophulika.
- Ngati muwona mawu oti 'blasts' mu lipoti lanu la magazi, musachite mantha ndipo funsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo kuti mukambirane za vutoli. Dokotala yekha ndi amene angakupatseni chithandizo cholondola komanso chitsogozo.
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