Kodi muli ndi vuto la kumva? Kapena kodi wina amene mumamudziwa ali ndi vuto lofanana? Nthawi zambiri, yankho lomwe tonse timadziwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito chothandizira kumva. Koma kodi mumadziwa kuti si aliyense amene ali woyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chothandizira kumva ichi? Anthu ena sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizozi zomwe zimayikidwa m'khutu chifukwa cha matenda a m'khutu, zilema zina zobadwa nazo, kapena matenda ena. Lero, tikambirana za ukadaulo wosiyana pang'ono womwe wabwera kuti uthandize anthu otere. Izi zimatchedwa BAHA (Bone-Anchored Hearing Aid) .
Mwachidule, kodi BAHA ndi chiyani?
Chabwino, tiyeni choyamba tiwone momwe izi zimagwirira ntchito. Chomwe chothandizira kumva chimachita ndi kukulitsa phokoso lochokera kunja ndikulitumiza kudzera mu ntchafu yathu kupita ku khutu lapakati ndi khutu lamkati. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, limayenda m'njira yomwe mawu nthawi zambiri amayendera.
Koma chipangizo cha BAHA ndi chosiyana kwambiri. Ndi chipangizo chomwe chimalumikizidwa ndi fupa la chigaza mwa opaleshoni . Chimachita izi mwa kugwedeza mafunde a mawu mwachindunji kudzera m'mafupa a chigaza chanu ndikuwatumiza ku cochlea, gawo lalikulu la khutu lamkati lomwe limayang'anira kumva. Kunena zoona, chimadutsa njira yachizolowezi ya mawu ndikutumiza mawuwo mwachindunji ku khutu lamkati kudzera mu njira yachidule. Anthu ena amachitchanso kuti `Bone-Anchored Hearing Implant (BAI)`. Mayina onsewa amatanthauza chipangizo chimodzi.
Chipangizo cha BAHA nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi magawo atatu:
- Choyika titaniyamu: Ichi ndi chidutswa chachitsulo chomwe chimayikidwa mu fupa la chigaza mwa opaleshoni.
- Cholumikizira chakunja/cholumikizira: Ichi ndi gawo lomwe limalumikizidwa ndi chojambulira ndipo limawoneka pang'ono kuchokera pakhungu.
- Chosinthira mawu: Ichi ndi gawo lomwe limagwira mawu ochokera kunja, kuwasandutsa kukhala kugwedezeka, ndikutumiza ku fupa kudzera pa cholumikizira. Tikhoza kuchotsa ndikulumikizanso izi nthawi iliyonse.
Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya BAHA ndi iti?
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya njira zomvera zomwe mafupa amayendetsa. Dokotala wanu adzakulangizani mtundu womwe uli woyenera kwa inu kutengera zaka zanu, matenda anu, komanso zomwe mumakonda.
| Mtundu wa BAHA | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| BAHA (Yoikidwa m'thupi mwa opaleshoni) | Iyi ndi njira yodziwika kwambiri. Dokotala wochita opaleshoni amaika kachidutswa kakang'ono ka titaniyamu m'fupa lomwe lili kumbuyo kwa khutu lanu. Kakachira, purosesa yakunja ya mawu imatha kumangiriridwa kuti ipereke kumva. Gawo lakunja ili likhoza kuchotsedwa mukagona kapena mukusamba. |
| Zothandizira Kumva Zosagwiritsa Ntchito Opaleshoni Yoyendetsa Mafupa ( BCHA ) | Izi nthawi zambiri zimalimbikitsidwa kwa ana osakwana zaka 5 komanso kwa iwo omwe sakufuna kuchitidwa opaleshoni. Zipangizo zina zimatha kumangiriridwa mwachindunji pakhungu ndi guluu. Zina zimatha kumangiriridwa kumutu ndikuvalidwa pakafunika kutero. Muthanso kuyesa njira iyi musanachite opaleshoni kuti mudziwe zotsatira zake. |
Katswiri wa otolaryngologist (ENT) ndi katswiri wa optician adzakuthandizani kusankha njira zomwe zili bwino kwa inu.
Kodi chipangizo cha BAHA ichi n'choyenera ndani?
Si aliyense amene adzafunika izi, koma ndizothandiza makamaka kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto linalake la kumva.
Mwachidule, ngati khutu lanu lamkati likugwira ntchito bwino, koma pali cholepheretsa china chake pakuyenda kwa mawu kuchokera ku khutu lakunja kupita ku khutu lamkati, BAHA ikhoza kukhala yankho labwino kwambiri.
Pali zinthu ziwiri zazikulu zomwe zimayenera kuchita izi:
- Kutaya kumva kozungulira kapena kosakanikirana: Vutoli ndi pamene phokoso silidutsa bwino m'khutu.
- Kusamva mbali imodzi: Izi zikutanthauza kuti khutu limodzi likhoza kumva bwino pomwe khutu lina likhoza kumva pang'ono kwambiri kapena silikumva konse.
Zina mwa matenda omwe angayambitse kutayika kwa kumva ndi awa:
- Matenda apakati a khutu osatha
- Cholesteatoma
- Acoustic neuroma
- Matenda a Ménière
- Aural atresia (kulephera kwa khutu lakunja kapena lapakati kukula bwino)
Ngati muli ndi vuto lofananalo, mutha kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu ndikutumizidwa kwa katswiri wa makutu, mphuno, ndi pakhosi kuti mukambirane zambiri za izi.
Kodi opaleshoniyi imachitidwa bwanji?
Iyi ndi njira yosavuta yomwe nthawi zambiri imatenga pakati pa mphindi 30 ndi 60. Nazi zina zomwe zimachitika panthawi ya ndondomekoyi:
1.Mankhwala Oletsa Kupweteka: Mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa kupweteka kuti musamve ululu uliwonse. Mwina ululuwo ungakhale wapafupi kapena wamba.
2. Kucheka pang'ono: Kucheka pang'ono kwambiri kumachitika pakhungu kumbuyo kwa khutu.
3. Bowo m'fupa: Bowo laling'ono limapangidwa mu fupa la `mastoid`, lomwe ndi gawo la chigaza kumbuyo kwa khutu.
4. Kuyika choyika: Choyika chaching'ono cha titaniyamu, pafupifupi mamilimita 3-4 (pafupifupi theka la kukula kwa nandolo), chimayikidwa m'fupa.
5. Kulumikiza cholumikizira: Cholumikizira chakunja chimalumikizidwa ku cholumikizira. Izi zidzawonekera pang'ono khungu likachira.
6. Kusoka: Chochekacho chimatsekedwa, kusoka, ndipo chimayikidwa bandeji yoyera.
Chofunika kwambiri mukachita opaleshoni ndi njira yotchedwa osseointegration . Mwachidule, apa ndi pamene fupa lanu limakula mwachibadwa mozungulira titanium implant, ndipo ziwirizi zimalumikizana mwamphamvu ngati chimodzi. Njirayi imatha kutenga mwezi umodzi mpaka itatu kuti ithe. Pambuyo pa nthawiyi, purosesa yakunja ya mawu imayikidwa ndikukonzedwa kuti igwirizane ndi kumva kwanu.
Kodi ubwino ndi kuipa kwa BAHA ndi kotani?
Monga chithandizo chilichonse chamankhwala, ichi chili ndi zabwino komanso zoyipa zake.
| Zabwino | Zoyipa |
|---|---|
| Chitonthozo: Chomasuka kwambiri chifukwa palibe chifukwa choyika chilichonse m'khutu monga zothandizira kumva nthawi zonse. Chiwopsezo chochepa cha ziwengo pakhungu. | Kufunika opaleshoni: Vuto lalikulu ndilakuti izi zimafuna opaleshoni. Ngakhale kuti opaleshoniyi ndi yaying'ono, pali zoopsa zina ndi opaleshoni iliyonse. |
| Ubwino wa mawu: Chifukwa chakuti mawuwo amapita mwachindunji ku fupa popanda kudutsa pakhungu, ubwino wa mawuwo ndi wapamwamba kwambiri. | Zoopsa za opaleshoni: Ngakhale sizichitika kawirikawiri, matenda, kutupa, kapena kulephera kwa chopangira opaleshoni kungachitike. |
| Kutha kulosera zotsatira: Musanachite opaleshoni, mutha kuyesa BCHA yopanda opaleshoni ndikupeza lingaliro la zotsatira zake. | Kuvulala mutu: Ngati munthu amene ali ndi chojambulira cha pulasitiki chavulala kwambiri mutu, pamakhala chiopsezo chotenga matenda kapena kuwonongeka kwa chojambuliracho. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuvala chisoti mukakwera njinga, njinga zamoto, komanso mukamasewera masewera olimbitsa thupi. |
Nthawi yoti mukaonane ndi dokotala mutatha opaleshoni
M'masiku oyamba pambuyo pa opaleshoni (masiku 3-7), mutha kumva kupweteka ndi kufiira pang'ono pamalo opachikidwa. Izi ndi zachilendo. Komabe, ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi, muyenera kulankhulana ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo .
- Madzi ngati mafinya, kutupa, kapena zizindikiro za matenda pamalo opachikidwa.
- Kupweteka kwambiri kwa khutu komwe sikumatha ngakhale mutamwa mankhwala.
- Malungo okhala ndi kutentha kwa thupi kopitirira madigiri 38.3 Celsius (101 Fahrenheit).
Kodi BAHA ndi Cochlear Implant ndi chinthu chimodzi?
Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe chimasokoneza anthu ambiri. Ngakhale kuti zonsezi ndi zothandizira kumva, zimagwira ntchito ndipo ndizoyenera pazochitika ziwiri zosiyana kwambiri.
- BAHA: Izi zimagwira ntchito potumiza kugwedezeka kwa mawu kudzera m'mafupa a chigaza kupita ku khutu lamkati lomwe likugwira ntchito bwino (cochlea) . Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndi loyenera anthu omwe alibe vuto ndi khutu lawo lamkati.
- Cochlear Implant: Izi zimadutsa khutu lamkati lomwe lawonongeka kapena losagwira ntchito bwino ndipo zimalimbikitsa mwachindunji mitsempha yomvera.
Mwachidule, BAHA ili ngati mlatho womwe umathandiza kuyenda kwa mawu kupita ku khutu lamkati. Koma Cochlear Implant ndi njira yomwe imatumiza zizindikiro zamagetsi mwachindunji ku mitsempha yomwe imapita ku ubongo kwa munthu amene khutu lake lamkati silikugwira ntchito.
Kutaya kumva kungakhudze kwambiri moyo wanu. Kungakhale kokhumudwitsa komanso kovutitsa maganizo. Makamaka ngati zida zothandizira kumva sizikugwira ntchito. BAHA ndi ukadaulo wazachipatala womwe ungabwezeretse kumva kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda enaake, omwe ali ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu (oposa 90%). Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za izi, mutha kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu kuti muwone ngati mukuyenerera.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- BAHA (Bone-Anchored Hearing Aid) ndi njira yabwino kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto linalake la kumva omwe sali ndi zida zochiritsira kumva wamba.
- Iyi ndi njira yotumizira mawu mkati mwa khutu mwa kunjenjemera kudzera m'mafupa a chigaza, kupyola njira yachibadwa ya mawu m'khutu.
- Izi zimafuna opaleshoni yaying'ono, koma ndi chithandizo chopambana kwambiri komanso chotetezeka.
- Ngati muli ndi vuto la kumva, ndikofunikira kukambirana ndi katswiri wa khutu, mphuno, ndi pakhosi (ENT) kuti muwone ngati chithandizochi chili choyenera kwa inu.
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