Kodi mwana wanu anabadwa msanga? Kodi ali ndi vuto la mapapo? Tiyeni tikambirane za matenda a bronchopulmonary dysplasia!

Kodi mwana wanu akuvutika kupuma chifukwa anabadwa msanga ? Kapena dokotala wakuuzani kuti mwana wanu ali ndi vuto lotchedwa Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia? Ndizachibadwa kukhala ndi mantha komanso nkhawa nthawi ngati izi. Koma musadandaule. Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mosavuta komanso m'njira yomwe mungamvetse. Chifukwa ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti inu ndi mwana wanu mudziwe bwino za vutoli.

Kodi matenda a bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, `(Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia)` ndi matenda a m'mapapo omwe angachitike mwa makanda obadwa msanga . Tsopano taonani, mwana akabadwa msanga, mapapu a mwana ameneyo sakhala akukhwima mokwanira. Zili ngati makoma a nyumba yatsopano akumangidwabe. Chifukwa cha izi, ana aang'ono amenewo amavutika kupuma okha. Kenako amafunika kupatsidwa mpweya (`Oxygen Therapy`) kapena kulumikizidwa ndi makina opumira (`Ventilator`) kuti awathandize kupuma .

Ngakhale kuti mankhwala amenewa ndi ofunikira kuti apulumutse moyo wa mwana, nthawi zina angayambitse kuti timatumba tating'onoting'ono ta mpweya (alveoli) m'mapapo a mwana titukuke mosafunikira. Taganizirani zomwe zimachitika ngati baluni yaying'ono yadzaza kwambiri. Mofananamo, pakapita nthawi, izi zitha kuwononga minofu ya mapapo a mwana ndi machubu ofooka m'njira yopumira (bronchi). Kuwonongeka kumeneku kwa minofu iyi kumatchedwa ``Dysplasia''.

Kumbukirani, chiopsezo chotenga matendawa chimawonjezeka kutengera momwe mwana wanu alili msanga . Ana ena angakhudzidwe kwambiri ndi vutoli, koma ambiri amachira pang'onopang'ono . Komabe, ena angakhale ndi mavuto opuma kwa moyo wawo wonse komanso mavuto ena.

Kodi zizindikiro za vutoli ndi ziti? Kodi timazizindikira bwanji?

Zizindikiro zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi mwana amene ali ndi matenda a Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Komabe, pali zizindikiro zina zomwe muyenera kudziwa:

• Cyanosis: Mwana wakhanda wokhala ndi khungu loyera, khungu ndi milomo zimatha kukhala ndi mtundu wabuluu. Mwana wakhanda wokhala ndi khungu lakuda, amatha kuwona milomo, lilime, kapena misomali yachikasu, imvi, kapena yoyera. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mpweya m'magazi.
• Mavuto Okhudza Kupuma: Mwana angaoneke ngati akuvutika kupuma. Mungaone zinthu monga chifuwa chikukokedwa mkati ndi mimba ikukwera ndi kugwa mofulumira.
• Mpweya wochepa m'magazi: Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe madokotala amachipeza kudzera mu mayeso okha.
• Kupuma movutikira: Kusiya mwadzidzidzi kupuma kwa mwana, komwe mwana amasiya kupuma kwa masekondi angapo.
• Tachypnea: Kupuma mofulumira kuposa mwana wamba.
• Kupuma movutikira: Phokoso lochepa la mluzu limamveka pachifuwa popuma.

Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro izi kapena zingapo, ndi bwino kudziwitsa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza BPD?

Monga tanenera kale, makanda obadwa msanga ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Makamaka:

• Makanda obadwa masabata opitilira 10 asanakwane nthawi yawo .
• Makanda olemera osakwana magalamu 900 (mapaundi awiri) akabadwa.
• Makanda omwe mapapu awo sanakule bwino kapena omwe ali ndi mavuto opuma kuyambira kubadwa.

Makanda obadwa pa masabata 32 a mimba nthawi zambiri amakhala pachiwopsezo chochepa kwambiri chotenga matenda a BPD.

Ndi mavuto ena ati omwe angachitike chifukwa cha `(BPD)` iyi?

Ana ambiri amachira ku BPD akafika zaka 5. Komabe, ana omwe ali ndi vutoli ali pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda ena, kuphatikizapo:

• Mavuto a m'mimba komanso kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya.
• Matenda a Gastroesophageal Reflux (GERD).
• Mavuto a kuphunzira ndi mavuto ena okhudzana nawo.
• Matenda a Mitsempha.
• Mavuto a kumva ndi kuona.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo.

Komanso, ana ndi akuluakulu ena omwe anali ndi BPD ali ana akhoza kukhala ndi mavuto ena a m'mapapo. Mwachitsanzo:

• Mphumu
• Matenda a m'mphuno
• Kulephera Kugona Bwino
• Chibayo
• Matenda Obwera Chifukwa cha Mpweya
• Matenda oopsa a `(RSV - Respiratory Syncytial Virus)`.

Musachite mantha mukamva izi. Sizinthu zonsezi zomwe zimachitika kwa khanda lililonse. Koma ndikofunikira kuzidziwa.

Kodi madokotala amazindikira bwanji vutoli molondola (BPD)?

Ngati mwana wanu anabadwa msanga ndipo amafunikira thandizo kuti apume kwa masiku 28 oyambirira a moyo wake, madokotala nthawi zambiri amakayikira kuti ali ndi vuto lotchedwa "BPD." Palibe mayeso enieni odziwira vutoli. Komabe, pali mayeso angapo omwe angathandize kuzindikira vutoli ndikuthandizira kuthana ndi vutoli:

• Kuyezetsa magazi: Kuwona kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'magazi a mwana.
• Mayeso ojambulira zithunzi monga X-ray pachifuwa: Yang'anani momwe mapapu a mwana alili.

Madokotala amafika pa mfundo zochokera ku zomwe apeza kuchokera ku mayesowa, komanso zizindikiro za mwana komanso mbiri yake yachipatala.

Kodi BPD ingachiritsidwe kwathunthu?

Kunena zoona, palibe mankhwala enieni a Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia pakadali pano . Komabe, sizikutanthauza kuti simungathe kuyembekezera. Chithandizo chingathandize kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwina kwa mapapo ndikuthandizira mapapo a mwana wanu kukula ndikuchira .

Ndiye chithandizo cha izi ndi chiyani?

Cholinga chachikulu cha chithandizo cha BPD ndiCholinga chake ndi kuchotsa mwana mu mpweya mwachangu ndikumulola kupuma yekha. Chithandizocho chikufuna kukonza mapapu a mwana. Mankhwala osiyanasiyana amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi:

• Zakudya: Kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma calories mu chakudya cha mwana kumathandiza kuti mapapo akule bwino, chifukwa kudya bwino n'kofunika kwambiri kuti maselo a mapapo akule bwino.
• Mankhwala Ochepetsa Kutuluka kwa Madzi M'thupi: Mankhwalawa amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi ochulukirapo omwe amasonkhana m'mapapo ndi kuzungulira mapapo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kupuma kukhale kosavuta.
• Ma bronchodilator: Izi zimagwira ntchito pomasula minofu yozungulira njira zopumira, kukulitsa njira zopumira, monga momwe zimakhalira potsegula njira yopumira yotsekedwa.
• Corticosteroids: Mankhwalawa amathandiza kuchepetsa kutupa (kutupa) m'mapapo ndi m'mapapo ozungulira.
• Nirsevimab kapena Palivizumab: Awa ndi katemera wa antibody woperekedwa kuti ateteze mwana wanu ku matenda opatsirana monga RSV.
• Makina a `nCPAP` a mphuno `(Mphuno Yopitirira Positive Airway Pressure)`: Iyi ndi makina ang'onoang'ono. Amakankhira mpweya m'mapapo kudzera m'machubu awiri apadera (machubu ang'onoang'ono) omwe amaikidwa m'mphuno ya mwana. Izi zimathandiza kuti mapapo azikhala otseguka.
• Kuchotsa Magazi Otuluka M'khosi: Kwa makanda omwe ali ndi BPD yoopsa, madokotala angachite opaleshoni kuti aike chubu mwachindunji mu mphuno (trachea) kudzera pakhosi kuti awathandize kupuma. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zakanthawi.

Dokotala ndiye amene adzasankha chithandizo choyenera kwambiri kwa mwana wanu.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti mwana apume yekha atalandira chithandizo?

Chithandizo chikayamba, thanzi la mwana wanu lidzayamba kusintha pang'onopang'ono m'miyezi ingapo ikubwerayi . Panthawiyi, mapapu a mwana wanu adzapitiriza kuchira ndikukula. Cholinga chachikulu ndichakuti mwana wanu athe kupuma yekha popanda thandizo lililonse. Izi zingatenge nthawi, choncho khalani oleza mtima.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo ngati mwana wanga ali ndi zizindikiro izi?

Ngakhale mwana wanu atafika kunyumba atalandira chithandizo, pali zinthu zina zomwe muyenera kudziwa. Ngati muwona zizindikiro izi, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo:

• Chifuwa chosalekeza.
• Ngati pali phokoso losalekeza la kukodola.
• Ngati zikukuvutani kudya, ngati mukukana chakudya.
• Ngati mphuno zanu zikula mukamapuma (mphuno zikuphulika).
• Ngati mupuma mokweza komanso mwachangu.
• Ngati mukuwonetsa zizindikiro za matenda opatsirana monga malungo, kuyetsemula, ndi kutsokomola.
• Ngati kupuma movutikira kwawonjezeka.

Zadzidzidzi! Ngati mwana wasiya kupuma, akuvutika kupuma, kapena khungu kapena milomo yake yasanduka buluu/imvi, mutengereni kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo kapena imbani 911.

Kodi mungachepetse bwanji chiopsezo chokhala ndi mwana wokhala ndi BPD? (Pa nthawi ya mimba)

Ngati muli ndi pakati tsopano, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino komanso kuchitapo kanthu kuti mupewe kubereka msanga . Izi zili choncho chifukwa chiopsezo cha BPD chimachepa kwambiri ngati mapapu a mwana ali ndi nthawi yokwanira yokulira bwino. Mutha kuchita izi kuti muchepetse chiopsezochi:

• Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito fodya, mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mowa kotheratu.
• Idyani chakudya chabwino komanso chopatsa thanzi.
• Pitani kuzipatala monga momwe zakonzedwera nthawi yonse yomwe muli ndi pakati.
• Chepetsani kupsinjika maganizo momwe mungathere.

Kutsatira zinthu izi kudzawonjezera mwayi wanu wokhala ndi mwana wathanzi.

Ngati mwana wanga ali ndi BPD, ndiyenera kuyembekezera chiyani? Kodi ndidzamusamalira bwanji akafika kunyumba?

Ngakhale mwana wanu atabwera kuchokera kuchipatala, mapapu ake amakhalabe akukula. Choncho amakhalabe ofooka kwambiri komanso osatetezeka kuvulala . Chofunika kwambiri ndikusunga mwana wanu wathanzi momwe mungathere. Kuti muchite izi, chitani izi:

• Sungani mwana wanu kutali ndi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana m'mapapo, makamaka RSV.
• Pezani katemera wa chimfine (flu) kwa aliyense m'banjamo.
• Tetezani mwana wanu mokwanira ku utsi wa fodya ndi utsi wina woipa (makamaka utsi wa ndudu).

Makanda omwe ali ndi BPD angakhale ndi vuto la kudya, angachepe thupi, komanso angakule mochedwa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuonana ndi dokotala nthawi zonse ndikuwona momwe mwana akukula . Kenako, ngati pali vuto lililonse, lingathe kuthetsedwa mwachangu.

Popeza amabadwa msanga, makanda omwe ali ndi BPD amatha kuchedwa pang'ono pakukula kwawo . Izi zikutanthauza kuti angatenge nthawi yayitali kuchita zinthu zomwe makanda ena amachita (monga kumwetulira, kugwira khosi lawo, kukwawa). Koma musadandaule, makanda ambiri amatha kupirira kuchedwa kumeneku ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zochizira (monga physiotherapy, speak therapy, occupational therapy) ndikufikira ena.

Ngakhale kuti matenda ena akuluakulu a BPD akhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo, makanda ambiri amapulumuka . Pamene akukula ndi kunenepa, thanzi lawo limakhala bwino pang'onopang'ono.

Kuona mwana wanu akuvutika kupuma ndi chinthu chopweteka kwambiri. Mukufuna kumugwira. Koma m'malo mwake, mwanayo amalumikizidwa ndi ma monitor ndi othandizira kupuma. Mukudera nkhawa kwambiri za thanzi lake. Mwina mukuganiza kuti, "O, ngati izi zitachitika kwa ine." Koma, ndikhulupirireni, madokotala ndi anamwino omwe akuchiritsa mwana wanu akuchita zonse zomwe angathe kuti amufikitse pamalo pomwe angathe kupuma yekha.Ngakhale zitatenga nthawi, mwana wanu adzayamba kupuma yekha, ndipo mudzatha kumutengera kunyumba.

Pomaliza, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chabwino, nazi zinthu zomwe muyenera kukumbukira kuchokera pa zomwe takambirana:

• Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) ndi matenda a m'mapapo omwe amakhudza kwambiri ana obadwa msanga .
• Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha mapapo osakhwima komanso kuwonongeka komwe mankhwala opulumutsa moyo (mpweya, ma ventilator) angayambitse m'mapapo.
• Zizindikiro zake zingakhale monga kuvutika kupuma, khungu labuluu, komanso kupuma mofulumira.
• Ngakhale kuti palibe mankhwala, chithandizo chingathandize mapapu kukula ndi kuchira.
• Ngakhale mutabweretsa mwana wanu kunyumba, ndikofunikira kwambiri kumuteteza ku matenda opatsirana popuma, kumuteteza ku utsi, komanso kupita naye kuchipatala nthawi zonse .
• Makanda ambiri amachira ku vutoli ndipo amakhala ndi moyo wathanzi. Choncho chofunika kwambiri ndi kuganiza bwino ndikutsatira malangizo omwe madokotala amapereka .

Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena, nkhawa, kapena kukayikira, lankhulani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu. Adzakuthandizani.

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