Kodi mwaona kusintha kwakukulu pa khalidwe kapena kalankhulidwe ka mwana wanu posachedwapa? Kodi nthawi zina amalankhula yekha, kapena amanena kuti akuona kapena kumva zinthu zomwe palibe wina aliyense amaziona? Kapena akuopa kuti ena angamve zomwe zili m'maganizo mwake? Ndizachilendo kuti mayi kapena bambo aziopa kwambiri komanso adandaule akaona zinthu ngati izi. Lero tikulankhula za matenda amisala osowa kwambiri koma oopsa kwambiri mwa ana aang'ono, otchedwa childhood schizophrenia.
Kodi Schizophrenia ya Ubwana ndi Chiyani?
Mwachidule, uwu ndi matenda aakulu omwe amakhudza maganizo a mwana, kusintha kwathunthu momwe amaonera dziko, kuganiza, ndi momwe amamvera. Matendawa akachitika mwa mwana wosakwana zaka 13, timawatcha `Childhood Schizophrenia`.
Vutoli limapangitsa kuti mwana achite izi:
- Maganizo: Maganizo achilendo komanso osazolowereka angachitike.
- Kukumbukira: Mavuto okhudzana ndi kukumbukira angachitike.
- Kumva: Timatha kuona, kumva, ndi kumva zinthu zomwe sizili kwenikweni.
- Makhalidwe: Makhalidwe amatha kusiyana kwambiri ndipo amasokoneza.
Chifukwa cha izi, zimakhudza mbali zambiri za moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa mwana. Chilichonse kuyambira ntchito ya kusukulu, kusewera ndi abwenzi, komanso ubale ndi achibale chimayamba kusokonekera. Ngati sanalandire chithandizo, mwanayo akhoza kuchita zinthu zomwe zingamuvulaze iyeyo kapena ena.
Kodi vutoli ndi lofala bwanji?
Choyamba kunena ndi chakuti vutoli ndi losowa kwambiri. Limakhudza pafupifupi mwana mmodzi pa ana 10,000. Choncho musaope kuganiza kuti mwana wanu ali ndi vuto la schizophrenia ngati muwona kusintha pang'ono mu khalidwe lake. Komabe, ngati muli ndi nkhawa kapena mantha okhudza khalidwe la mwana wanu, ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala.
Kodi ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe zimasonyeza kuti mwana akhoza kukhala ndi schizophrenia ?
Nthawi zambiri, matendawa saonekera mwadzidzidzi. Zizindikiro zoyamba zimakhala kuchedwa kwa kukula kwa mwana komanso khalidwe lake. Pambuyo pake zizindikiro zazikulu zokhudzana ndi matenda a schizophrenia-affective zimawonekera. Tiyeni tigawane izi m'magawo awiri.
| Zizindikiro za schizophrenic-affective paubwana | |
|---|---|
| Mtundu wa khalidwe | Kufotokozera ndi zitsanzo |
| Zizindikiro zoyambirira za machenjezo (nthawi zambiri zimasokonezedwa ndi matenda ena) | |
| Kuchedwa kwa chitukuko | Kuchedwa kwa luso loyendetsa thupi, monga kuyamba kuyenda. Kuchedwa kuyamba kulankhula. |
| Mavuto a anthu | Kusafuna kuyang'ana ena m'maso ndi kulankhula. Kuyesa kukhala wekha popanda kucheza ndi anzanu. |
| Mavuto kusukulu | Kulephera kuphunzira. Kulephera kuyang'ana pa chinthu chimodzi. |
| Khalidwe lachilendo | Kubwerezabwereza mawu kapena mawu omwe ena amanena (echolalia). Kulephera kulamulira malingaliro, monga kuseka mokweza kapena kulira mosayenera. |
| Zizindikiro zazikulu (Psychosis) | |
| Zonyenga | Izi ndi zikhulupiriro zabodza zomwe sizingasinthidwe, ngakhale umboni utakhala wotani. Mwachitsanzo, kukhulupirira kuti winawake akulamulira maganizo ake, akumvetsera mwamseri zomwe zikuchitika m'maganizo mwake, kapena kumutumizira mauthenga apadera pa wailesi yakanema. |
| Kuona zinthu molakwika | Kuona, kumva, kukhudza, kununkhiza, kapena kulawa zinthu zomwe sizili pamenepo. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika pamene palibe munthu. Mawu awa akhoza kukhala odzudzula kapena olamula. |
| Nkhani yosokonezeka | Kulephera kugwirizanitsa malingaliro pamene mukulankhula. Kudumpha kuchokera ku mutu wina kupita ku wina. Nthawi zina zomwe zanenedwa zingakhale zosokoneza kwambiri kotero kuti palibe amene angamvetse. |
| Mayendedwe osazolowereka | Kuwonetsa njira zachilendo zoyendera, monga kusuntha nthawi zonse popanda chifukwa, kapena kukhala pamalo omwewo ngati kuti wazizira pamalopo popanda kusuntha kulikonse. |
| Zizindikiro Zoyipa | Izi zikutanthauza kuti luso lomwe liyenera kukhalapo nthawi zambiri limachepa. Mwachitsanzo, kulankhula popanda kukhudzidwa pankhope, kusalankhula bwino, kutaya chidwi ndi chilichonse, komanso kudzipatula kwathunthu ku macheza ndi anthu. |
Chofunika kwambiri, zizindikiro zoyambirirazi nthawi zambiri zimatha kusokonezedwa ndi matenda ena monga autism spectrum disorder, ADHD, ndi kuvutika maganizo. Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi zizindikirozi, ndikofunikira kuwona katswiri kuti akupatseni matenda olondola.
N’chifukwa chiyani ana ali ndi vutoli?
Sizotheka kudziwa chifukwa chimodzi chomwe chimayambitsa izi. Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti vutoli limayamba chifukwa cha zinthu zingapo.
- Cholowa: Schizophrenia imatha kuchitika m'mabanja pamlingo winawake. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati wina m'banjamo ali ndi matendawa, chiopsezo choti mwanayo nawonso adwale matendawa chimakhala chachikulu kuposa munthu wamba.
- Mavuto a kukula kwa ubongo: Mavuto ena omwe amachitika panthawi ya kukula kwa ubongo pamene mwana ali m'mimba.
- Mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha mimba: Kusadya bwino kapena matenda enaake a kachilombo mwa mayi panthawi ya mimba.
- Mavuto pobereka: Mavuto ena omwe amachitika pobereka.
- Kusalingana kwa mankhwala muubongo: Kusalingana kwa mankhwala (ma neurotransmitters) omwe amatumiza mauthenga pakati pa maselo a ubongo.
Chofunika kwambiri kukumbukira ndi ichi:Si vuto lanu, si vuto lanu pa momwe munalerera mwana wanu. Ndi kuphatikiza kwa zifukwa zambiri zovuta za m'thupi.
Kodi matenda amachitika bwanji?
Kuzindikira matenda a schizophrenia mwa ana kungakhale kovuta pang'ono, chifukwa matenda ena ambiri amakhala ndi zizindikiro zofanana. Chifukwa chake, madokotala nthawi zambiri amachotsa matenda ena kaye. Kuti mwana apezeke ndi matenda a schizophrenia , ayenera kukhala ndi zizindikiro kwa miyezi yosachepera 6.
Mayeso ngati awa angagwiritsidwe ntchito pozindikira matenda.
| Mtundu wa mayeso | N’chifukwa chiyani mukuchita izi? |
|---|---|
| Kuwunika kwa zamaganizo | Dokotala wa matenda amisala a ana adzafufuza momwe zinthu zilili mwa kufunsa inu ndi mwana wanu za maganizo awo, momwe akumvera, makhalidwe awo, ndi zizindikiro zawo. |
| Mayeso ojambula zithunzi (CT, MRI) | Yang'anani ngati muli ndi chotupa muubongo, sitiroko, kapena vuto lina lililonse la kapangidwe ka ubongo. |
| Kuyezetsa magazi ndi mkodzo | Yang'anani matenda ena akuthupi, matenda opatsirana, kapena kusintha kwa mankhwala komwe kungathandize kusintha khalidwe la mwana. |
| EEG (Electroencephalogram) | Yang'anani momwe magetsi a ubongo amagwirira ntchito ndipo fufuzani ngati pali matenda monga khunyu. |
Kodi chimachiritsidwa bwanji?
Kuchiza vutoli ndi ntchito ya gulu. Zimaphatikizapo mwana, makolo, madokotala, akatswiri azachipatala, komanso aphunzitsi a kusukulu. Njira zochiritsira nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosakaniza izi.
1. Mankhwala: Mankhwala oletsa matenda amisala amagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa zizindikiro. Nthawi zina, ngati pali zizindikiro zina monga kuvutika maganizo, mankhwala ena monga mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo angaperekedwenso. Mankhwalawa ayenera kuperekedwa kokha moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala wa matenda amisala wa ana.
2. Chithandizo:
- Chithandizo cha munthu payekha: Mwana amaphunzitsidwa kukhala ndi moyo ndi vuto lake komanso kuthana ndi mavuto.
- Chithandizo cha mabanja: Chimapereka chidziwitso ndi chithandizo kwa makolo ndi abale za matendawa komanso momwe angathandizire mwanayo.
- Kuphunzitsa luso locheza ndi anthu: Kumathandiza mwana kuyanjana ndi kulankhulana ndi ena.
3. Kugonekedwa m'chipatala: Nthawi zina, kugona m'chipatala kwakanthawi kochepa kungakhale kofunikira kuti mwana akhale wotetezeka kapena kuti apereke mankhwala.
Tidziwenso zotsatirapo zoyipa za mankhwala.
Mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a schizophrenia angayambitse mavuto monga kunenepa kwambiri komanso chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda a mtima . Chifukwa chake, dokotala nthawi zonse amawunika kulemera kwa mwana, kutalika kwake (BMI), kuthamanga kwa magazi, shuga m'magazi, ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi, ndikuyesa zabwino ndi zoyipa za mankhwalawa asanaperekedwe mankhwala.
Kodi inuyo monga kholo, mungamuthandize bwanji mwana wanu?
Kusamalira mwana amene ali ndi vutoli ndi vuto lalikulu, koma chikondi chanu, chithandizo chanu, ndi kasamalidwe kanu koyenera zingathandize kwambiri pa moyo wa mwana.
- Perekani mankhwala anu monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera, panthawi yoyenera, komanso mu mlingo woyenera. Musadumphe tsiku limodzi.
- Musamalumphe nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala: Onetsetsani kuti mwapita kukaonana ndi dokotala wanu. Kambiranani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za kusintha kwa zizindikiro za mwana wanu komanso zotsatirapo zake za mankhwala.
- Uzani sukulu: Lankhulani ndi aphunzitsi a mwanayo ndi mphunzitsi wamkulu ndipo muwafotokozere za vuto la mwanayo. Izi ziwathandiza kupeza chithandizo chapadera chomwe akufunikira.
- Musanyalanyaze zizindikiro: Ngati muwona china chake chachilendo m'makhalidwe a mwana wanu, musachinyalanyaze. Funsani dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Chithandizo chikayamba msanga, zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino.
- Taganiziraninso za inu nokha: Ulendo uwu ndi wotopetsa kwambiri. Mufunikanso kupuma ndi chithandizo, m'maganizo komanso mwakuthupi. Pali magulu othandizira ndi alangizi omwe angakuthandizeni. Ngati muli bwino ndi pomwe mungasamalire bwino mwana wanu.
Kodi muyenera kupita kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo liti?
MwanaNgati akulankhula za kudzivulaza okha, kuyesa kutero, kapena ngati mukuopa kuti angavulaze ena, pitani nawo ku chipatala chapafupi cha Emergency Department (ETU) nthawi yomweyo osazengereza.
Ngakhale ulendowu ndi wovuta, ndi chithandizo choyenera komanso chikondi cha banja lawo, ana awa ali ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito bwino luso lawo ndikukhala ndi moyo wopambana.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a schizophrenia a ubwana ndi vuto la maganizo losowa kwambiri, koma lalikulu.
- Zizindikiro zoyambirira nthawi zambiri zimasokonezedwa ndi matenda ena, monga autism ndi ADHD.
- Vutoli silichitika chifukwa cha zolakwa za makolo, koma limachitika chifukwa cha zifukwa zovuta za m'thupi.
- Ndikofunikira kuonana ndi katswiri monga dokotala wa matenda amisala a ana kuti mudziwe bwino matendawo.
- Mankhwala, chithandizo, ndi chithandizo cha banja ndizofunikira kwambiri pa chithandizo. Chithandizo choyambirira chingathandize kuti zinthu ziyende bwino.
- Mukamathandiza mwana wanu, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti inu monga kholo muzisamalira thanzi lanu la maganizo.
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