Kodi mudamvapo za vuto lomwe kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mitsempha yaying'ono yamagazi mkati mwa mapapo kumawonjezeka mwadzidzidzi? Zili ngati chinthu chomwe chimakakamira mu chitoliro chamadzi ndipo kuthamanga kwa magazi kumawonjezeka. Ndicho chimene CTEPH ili. Ngakhale dzinalo lingamveke lalitali pang'ono, n'zosavuta kumva. Ndi vuto losowa, koma ndi lofunika kwambiri lomwe tonse tiyenera kudziwa.
Mwachidule, kodi CTEPH ndi chiyani?
CTEPH ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo. Malinga ndi zamankhwala, timatcha izi `(Pulmonary Hypertension)`. Koma izi ndi zosiyana ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kwabwinobwino. Pali chifukwa chenicheni chomwe CTEPH imachitikira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, magazi oundana omwe adakhazikika kale m'mitsempha yamagazi ya mapapo `(Pulmonary Embolism)` sasungunuka bwino .
Tangoganizani munthu ali ndi magazi oundana m'mapapo mwake. Nthawi zambiri, njira zomwe thupi lathu limagwirira ntchito zimasungunula magazi oundanawa pakapita nthawi. Koma mwa anthu ena, magazi oundanawa sasungunuka kwathunthu. M'malo mwake, amakhala minofu yakale, yonga zipsera yomwe imakhazikika m'mitsempha yamagazi. Pakapita nthawi, minofu iyi imapangitsa kuti mitsempha yamagazi ichepetse.
Mitsempha yamagazi ikachepa, mtima umayenera kugwira ntchito molimbika kuti upompe magazi kudzera m'mitsempha yopapatizayo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo kukwere kwambiri. Ndicho chimene timachitcha CTEPH (Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension) .
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti matendawa amapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri ya pulmonary embolism. Ngati kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo kuli kokwera popanda mbiri yotere, kungakhale vuto lina lachipatala.
Kodi CTEPH imakhudza bwanji thupi lanu?
Mbali yakumanja ya mtima wathu imapompa magazi osakwanira mpweya, odetsedwa kupita ku mapapo kuti ayeretsedwe. Tsopano, pamene mitsempha ya magazi m'mapapo yachepa chifukwa cha CTEPH ndipo kuthamanga kwa magazi kukukwera, mbali yakumanja ya mtima iyenera kukumana ndi chopinga chachikulu pakukankhira magazi awa ku mapapo.
Izi zimayambitsa mavuto awiri akuluakulu:
1. Kudzaza mtima mopitirira muyeso: Mukagwira ntchito molimbika chonchi nthawi zonse, mbali yakumanja ya mtima imayamba kufooka. Izi zili ngati pampu yamadzi yomwe ikugwira ntchito molimbika kuti idzaze malo otsekedwa. Pakapita nthawi, pampuyo imafooka.
2. Kuchepa kwa mpweya m'thupi: Magazi sangathe kudutsa bwino m'mapapo ndikutenga mpweya. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mpweya m'thupi uchepe. Izi ndi zomwe timakumana nazo ngati zizindikiro monga kutopa ndi kupuma movutikira.
Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a CTEPH?
Monga tanenera kale, chifukwa chachikulu ndichakuti magazi oundana m'mapapo sasungunuka kwathunthu. Komabe, anthu ena ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza vutoli. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli.
| Choopsa | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Mtundu wa magazi | Kukhala ndi gulu la magazi losiyana ndi 'O'. |
| Matenda otsekeka magazi | Ngati inuyo kapena wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi vuto la magazi kuundana (monga Antiphospholipid Syndrome ). |
| Kuchotsa ndulu | Kuchotsa ndulu (splenectomy) (kuchotsa ndulu ndi opaleshoni) . |
| Matenda a nthawi yayitali | Matenda a nthawi yayitali monga matenda a mafupa (osteomyelitis) . |
| Matenda ena | Mitundu ina ya khansa ndi matenda monga Matenda a Kutupa kwa Matumbo . |
| Zinthu zina | Kukhala mkazi, kukhala ndi pacemaker mumtima, komanso kumwa mankhwala a mahomoni a chithokomiro ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda. |
Kodi zizindikiro za matendawa zingakhale zotani?
Zizindikiro za CTEPH sizingawonekere poyamba. Zimayamba pang'onopang'ono. Mungaganize kuti uku ndi kutopa kwachibadwa. Koma ndikofunikira kwambiri kulabadira zizindikirozi.
| Chizindikiro | Zambiri |
|---|---|
| Kuvuta kupuma | Zimachitika makamaka mukamachita khama, monga poyenda kapena kukwera masitepe. Pamene matendawa akupitirira, kusasangalala kumeneku kungachitike ngakhale mutangoyima. |
| Kutopa kwambiri komanso kutopa | Kumva kutopa nthawi zonse ngakhale osagwira ntchito iliyonse. |
| Kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kulimba | Ululu uwu ukhoza kuchitika chifukwa mtima uyenera kugwira ntchito molimbika. |
| Kutupa kwa miyendo ndi akakolo (Edema) | Chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa ntchito ya mtima, madzi amasonkhana m'thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti miyendo itupa. |
| Chizungulire ndi kukomoka (Syncope) | Izi zingachitike ubongo ukapanda kulandira mpweya wokwanira. |
| Kugunda kwa mtima | Kumva ngati kuti mukumva kugunda kwa mtima wanu. |
| Kusintha kwa mtundu wa buluu (Cyanosis) | Milomo ndi zala za m'manja zimakhala zabuluu chifukwa cha mpweya wochepa m'magazi. |
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, makamaka ngati muli ndi mbiri ya magazi oundana m'mapapo, chonde pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
Kodi CTEPH imapezedwa bwanji?
Mukapita kwa dokotala, adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu ndikukuyesani. Ngati pali kukayikira kulikonse kuti muli ndi CTEPH, adzakulangizani kuti muyesedwe kangapo kuti mutsimikizire matendawa.
- Kujambula kwa V/Q: Kujambula kumeneku kumayang'ana momwe magazi amayendera kupita ku mapapo ndi momwe mpweya umayendera kudzera m'mapapo. Kujambula kumeneku kumatha kuzindikira madera omwe magazi amaundana, pamene kuyenda kwa magazi kumachepa.
- Transthoracic Echocardiogram (TTE): Izi zingathandize kuona kuthamanga kwa mtima kumbali yakumanja ya mtima komanso kufooka kwa mtima.
- CT Pulmonary Angiogram: Iyi ndi njira yapadera yowunikira magazi yomwe ingathe kuona bwino magazi akale ndi kuchepa kwa mitsempha yamagazi m'mapapo.
Mayeso ena otsimikizira
Matendawa akatsimikizika, mayeso ena angapo angachitike kuti adziwe kuopsa kwake ndikukonzekera chithandizo.
- Kuyeza Kuthamanga kwa Mtima Wabwino: Iyi ndiyo njira yolondola kwambiri yoyezera kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo. Chubu chaching'ono (catheter) chimalowetsedwa kudzera m'mitsempha yamagazi m'thupi kupita kumbali yakumanja ya mtima ndi mtsempha waukulu wamagazi womwe umapita ku mapapo, ndipo kuthamanga kwa magazi kumayesedwa.
- Mayeso Okhudza Kupsinjika Maganizo: Mayesowa amachitika kuti awone momwe mtima ndi mapapo anu amagwirira ntchito mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?
Nkhani yabwino yokhudza CTEPH ndi yakuti ndi matenda ochiritsika. Odwala ambiri amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi opaleshoni kapena mankhwala ena. Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zochizira.
1. Kuchotsa Matenda a M'mapapo (PTE):
Iyi ndi opaleshoni yotsegula mtima. Mu opaleshoniyi, madokotala amatsegula mitsempha yayikulu yamagazi m'mapapo ndikuchotsa magazi akale ndi minofu ya zipsera zomwe zingakhale zitasonkhana mkati. Ngakhale opaleshoniyi ndi yovuta kwambiri, ngati ipambana, ili ndi mwayi waukulu wochira matendawa kwathunthu.
2. Pulmonary Balloon Angioplasty (BPA):
Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu omwe ali ndi magazi oundana m'mitsempha yomwe ndi yaying'ono kwambiri moti sangathe kuchitidwa opaleshoni. Pa chithandizochi, chubu chaching'ono (catheter) chimayikidwa mu mtsempha womwe uli m'mwendo ndipo baluni yaying'ono kumapeto imagwiritsidwa ntchito kudzaza ndi kukulitsa mtsempha wopapatiza. Izi si zazikulu ngati opaleshoni.
Chithandizo chilichonse mwa izi chingachiritse CTEPH kwathunthu. Pambuyo pa chithandizo, anthu ambiri amatha kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino.
Nthawi zina, kwa iwo omwe sangathe kuchitidwa opaleshoni kapena omwe akadali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo awo atachitidwa opaleshoni, mankhwala apadera (monga Riociguat) amaperekedwa kuti achepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi.
Zinthu zofunika kudziwa mukakhala ndi CTEPH
Moyo wanu udzakhala bwino kwambiri mutalandira chithandizo, koma pali zinthu zingapo zomwe muyenera kudziwa.
- Mankhwala ochepetsa magazi kwa moyo wanu wonse: Muyenera kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi kwa moyo wanu wonse kuti magazi asaundane. Ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu molondola.
- Zakudya: Ngati mukumwa mankhwala monga `Warfarin`, muyenera kusamala ndi zakudya zokhala ndi vitamini K wambiri (monga kabichi, sipinachi, broccoli). Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izi.
- Pewani kusuta: Kusuta fodya kumawononga mapapo anu kwambiri. Ngati ndinu wosuta fodya, ndikofunikira kusiya kwathunthu.
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono: Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono, monga kuyenda, kungakuthandizeni kuwonjezera mphamvu zanu. Komabe, onetsetsani kuti mwafunsa dokotala wanu musanayambe pulogalamu iliyonse yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Mutha kutumizidwa ku pulogalamu yowongolera thanzi yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi dokotala yotchedwa ``Pulmonary Rehabilitation.''
- Thanzi la maganizo: Kukhala ndi matenda ngati amenewa kwa nthawi yayitali kungayambitse nkhawa, nkhawa, kapena kuvutika maganizo. Ngati mukumva choncho, musachite manyazi kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu kapena munthu wina wapafupi nanu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- CTEPH ndi matenda othamanga magazi omwe amayamba chifukwa cha magazi oundana omwe amamatira m'mitsempha yamagazi ya m'mapapo.
- Musasokoneze izi ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kwabwinobwino.
- Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro monga kupuma movutikira, kutopa kwambiri, kapena kutupa kwa miyendo yanu, makamaka ngati muli ndi mbiri ya magazi oundana, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
- Matendawa nthawi zambiri amatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu ndi opaleshoni kapena njira zina.
- Ngakhale mutalandira chithandizo, tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu molondola, makamaka pankhani yokhudza kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi.
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