Kodi mayeso azachipatala ndi chiyani? Tiyeni tikambirane izi mwachidule!

Kodi munamvapo mawu akuti 'mayeso achipatala'? Mwina munawawonapo mufilimu kapena m'nyuzipepala. Anthu ena amaganiza kuti ndi chinthu chachikulu komanso choopsa. Koma kwenikweni, mankhwala ambiri ndi mankhwala omwe timagwiritsa ntchito masiku ano adapangidwa chifukwa cha kafukufuku ngati uyu. Popanda iwo, mankhwala atsopano, opulumutsa moyo sakanapezeka. Chifukwa chake, lero tikambirana za 'mayeso achipatala', chomwe chili, momwe amachitidwira, komanso ubwino ndi zoopsa zake.

Mwachidule, kodi mayeso azachipatala ndi chiyani?

Ndi zophweka kwambiri. Kuyesa kwachipatala ndi kafukufuku wa zachipatala wokhudza anthu odzipereka. Iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yodziwira ngati chithandizo chatsopano chikugwiradi ntchito komanso ngati chili chotetezeka kuti anthu agwiritse ntchito.

Kafukufukuyu akhoza kukhala wokhudza zinthu zosiyanasiyana.

• Za njira yopezera matenda atsopano.
• Za njira yopewera kudwala.
• Za mankhwala atsopano, kuphatikiza mankhwala angapo, kapena chipangizo chatsopano chachipatala.

Munkhaniyi, tikambirana kwambiri za kafukufuku wa mankhwala atsopano. Nthawi zina, chifukwa muli ndi vuto lachipatala, mungafune kutenga nawo mbali ngati njira yopezera chithandizo chatsopano. Komanso, anthu athanzi omwe sadwala konse amadzipereka kuthandiza kupititsa patsogolo sayansi ya zamankhwala ndikuthandiza ena omwe akudwala.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani musanayambe pulojekiti yofufuza?

Kuyesa kuchipatala sikungayambitsidwe nthawi imodzi. Pali njira yayitali isanachitike. Taganizirani izi ngati kufufuza njira, kuyang'ana galimoto, ndikukonzekera chilichonse musanapite paulendo wautali.

• Mayeso asanapezeke kuchipatala: Kafukufuku wonse umayamba ndi lingaliro. Ndiko kuti, lingaliro monga "Mankhwala atsopanowa adzagwira ntchito pa matendawa." Kenako mankhwalawa amayesedwa koyamba mu labotale (mayeso a labotale) ndipo nthawi zina mu nyama (maphunziro mwa nyama).
• Njira yoyesera matenda: Ngati mayeso oyamba akusonyeza kuti chithandizo chatsopanocho chili ndi mwayi wopambana, ofufuzawo amapanga dongosolo latsatanetsatane kwambiri. Izi zimatchedwa "protocol." Iyenera kufotokoza momveka bwino chifukwa chake mayesowo akuchitidwa, mankhwala omwe akuyesedwa, ndi zomwe "mapeto a mayeso" akuyembekezeka kuyeza kumapeto kwa mayesowo.
• Kupeza chilolezo:Ngakhale m'dziko lathu, monga m'dziko lina lililonse padziko lonse lapansi, musanachite kafukufuku wokhudza anthu, muyenera kupeza chilolezo kuchokera kwa akuluakulu azaumoyo m'dzikolo (mwachitsanzo, kuchokera ku mabungwe monga National Medicines Regulatory Authority - NMRA ku Sri Lanka) komanso kuchokera ku komiti yapadera ya makhalidwe abwino (Institutional Review Board - IRB kapena Ethics Committee) ya chipatala kapena bungwe lomwe likuchita kafukufukuyu. Cholinga chachikulu cha komitiyi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti anthu omwe akuchita nawo kafukufukuyu ali otetezeka komanso ali ndi ufulu .

Ofufuza ayamba kufunafuna anthu omwe akufuna kutenga nawo mbali pokhapokha atalandira chilolezo chonsechi.

Chinthu chofunika kwambiri: Chilolezo Chodziwitsidwa

Ngati mukuganiza zolowa nawo mu kafukufuku wa zachipatala, iyi ndi sitepe yofunika kwambiri. Si pepala lokha lomwe mumasaina, koma ndi kukambirana mwatsatanetsatane pakati pa inu ndi gulu lofufuza.

Pa nthawi ya "Chilolezo Chodziwitsidwa" iyi, gulu lofufuza lidzakufotokozerani zonse.

• Kodi zolinga za kafukufukuyu ndi ziti?
• Ndi mankhwala ati omwe alipo kwa inu?
• Kodi izi zakhala zikuchitika kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji?
• Kodi zoopsa ndi zabwino zomwe mungakumane nazo ndi ziti?
• Ndi mankhwala ena ati omwe mungapeze omwe sakugwirizana ndi izi?
• Kodi zidzakuwonongerani ndalama zilizonse?
• Kodi mumasunga bwanji chinsinsi cha zambiri zanu zachinsinsi?

Mudzapatsidwa chikalata chokhala ndi mfundo zonsezi kuti muwerenge. Zingakhale zovuta pang'ono, choncho musaope kufunsa mafunso aliwonse omwe muli nawo, ngakhale atakhala ang'onoang'ono bwanji.

Mayeso ena amachitika mwa njira ya "mwachisawawa". Izi zikutanthauza kuti zimasankhidwa mwachisawawa, monga kuponya ndalama, kaya mulandira mankhwala atsopano kapena chithandizo chamakono. Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe muyenera kudziwa pasadakhale.

Magawo a Mlandu wa Zachipatala

Kawirikawiri pamakhala magawo anayi akuluakulu ofufuza mankhwala atsopano. Gawo lililonse limakhala ndi cholinga chosiyana, ndipo odzipereka atsopano amalembedwa ntchito pa gawo lililonse.

Kodi ubwino ndi zoopsa zotenga nawo mbali mu mayeso azachipatala ndi ziti?

Monga momwe zilili ndi chilichonse, pali ubwino komanso zoopsa. Zonsezi zidzafotokozedwa kwa inu panthawi ya "Chilolezo Chodziwitsidwa".

Ubwino Womwe Ungakhalepo

• Kupeza chithandizo chaposachedwa: Mungakhale ndi mwayi wolandira chithandizo chaposachedwa chomwe sichinafike pamsika, chomwe chingakhale chopambana kuposa chithandizo chomwe chilipo kale.
• Kulamulira bwino thanzi lanu: Dziwani zambiri za matenda anu ndi chithandizo chanu, ndipo gwirani ntchito limodzi ndi gulu lanu lachipatala.
• Kuthandiza ena: Kutenga nawo mbali kwanu kungathandize anthu zikwizikwi omwe ali ndi matenda omwewo mtsogolo. Mwa kutenga nawo mbali monga munthu wathanzi, mukupereka chithandizo chofunikira pakupititsa patsogolo sayansi ya zamankhwala.

Zoopsa Zomwe Zingakhalepo

• Zotsatirapo: Mankhwala atsopano oyesera angayambitse zotsatirapo zosayembekezereka, zomwe zingafunike chithandizo chamankhwala.
• Nthawi yochulukirapo komanso kudzipereka: Mungafunike kubwera kuchipatala pafupipafupi, kuyesedwa, komanso kukhala m'chipatala nthawi yayitali kuposa masiku onse kuti mupeze chithandizo.
• Kulephera kwa chithandizo: Chithandizo chatsopanocho sichingagwire ntchito kwa inu, kapena sichingakhale chabwino kuposa chithandizo chamakono.
• Kusalandira chithandizo chatsopano: Mu kafukufuku wosankhidwa mwachisawawa, monga tafotokozera kale, mutha kulandira chithandizo chanthawi zonse chomwe chilipo m'malo mwa chithandizo chatsopano, kapena mwina placebo yomwe ilibe mankhwala ogwira ntchito.

Mafunso ena omwe muyenera kufunsa

Musanalowe nawo mu kafukufuku wa zachipatala, mungakhale ndi mafunso ambiri. Zimenezo n'zachibadwa. Nazi mafunso ofunikira omwe mungafunse gulu lofufuza.

• N’chifukwa chiyani kafukufukuyu akuchitidwa?
• Kodi ndiyenera kutenga nawo mbali nthawi yayitali bwanji pa izi?
• Ngati ndikulandira chithandizo, ndipereka bwanji (monga piritsi, ngati njira yoyezera m'mitsempha, kapena njira ina)?
• Kodi ndiyenera kubwera kangati? Kodi ndiyenera kubwera kuti?
• Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti mukafike kumeneko kamodzi?
• Kodi ndiyenera kulipira chilichonse mu kafukufukuyu?
• Kodi zoopsa zake ndi ziti? Kodi zingakhudze bwanji thanzi langa?
• Ngati sindilowa nawo kapena kuchoka pakati pa nthawiyi, kodi chidzachitike ndi chiyani ku chisamaliro changa chamankhwala nthawi zonse?
• Ndani ali ndi udindo pa chisamaliro changa chamankhwala?
• Kodi ndidzadziwitsidwa za zotsatira za kafukufukuyu?
• Ngati chithandizochi chapambana ndipo chavomerezedwa, kodi nditha kupitiriza kuchilandira?
• Ngati ndikukumana ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri, kodi ndingasiye kafukufukuyu?

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa mayeso azachipatala ndi chithandizo chanthawi zonse ndi kotani?

Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe anthu ambiri amasokonezeka nacho. Ngati mukuchita nawo mayeso azachipatala chifukwa cha matenda, mavuto anu azaumoyo (monga matenda a shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi) apitiliza kusamalidwa ndi dokotala wanu wamba komanso gulu lachipatala.

Gulu lomwe limayang'anira mayeso azachipatala limayang'ana kwambiri pa mankhwala atsopano kapena chithandizo chomwe chikuyesedwa. Amayang'anira momwe thupi lanu limayankhira ku chithandizo chatsopanocho ndikuchiza zotsatirapo zilizonse zomwe zingachitike. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mudzalandira chithandizo kuchokera ku magulu awiri azachipatala.

Pomaliza pake, mayeso azachipatala ndiye injini yomwe imapititsa patsogolo sayansi ya zamankhwala. Ngakhale kuti angawoneke ngati sayansi kwa anthu akunja, mumtima mwawo ndi anthu omwe amadzipereka kuthandiza kukonza chithandizo chamankhwala. Popanda iwo, ofufuza sakanatha kudziwa ngati mankhwala atsopano ndi otetezeka kapena ogwira ntchito.