Inu ndi banja lanu mukuyembekezera mwachidwi mwana wanu kuti abwere padziko lapansi, sichoncho? Ndiye, panthawiyi, kodi mukuganiza ndi kufufuza zinthu zingati zokhudza chitetezo ndi thanzi la mwana? Chabwino, lero tikambirana za chisankho chofunikira kwambiri chomwe mungapange mwana akabadwa. Ndiko kusonkhanitsa ndikusunga magazi otsala mu umbilical cord ya mwana, yomwe imatchedwa `(Cord Blood Banking)`. Mwina mwamvapo za izi, kapena izi zitha kukhala zatsopano. Komabe, musadandaule, tidzakambirana chilichonse momveka bwino komanso mosavuta.
Choyamba, tiyeni tiwone, kodi magazi a m'chingwe ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, mwana akabadwa, chingwe cha umbilical chimadulidwa ndikuchotsedwa. Panthawiyo, magazi omwe amatsala mkati mwa chingwe cha umbilical ndi mu placenta amatchedwa "magazi a chingwe." Izi sizimatengedwa m'thupi la mwana, kotero sizingavulaze mwana kapena inu.
Magazi awa ali ngati magazi abwinobwino m'thupi lathu. Alinso ndi chilichonse monga maselo ofiira a magazi, maselo oyera a magazi, ma platelet, ndi plasma. Koma ``(magazi a chingwe)`` awa ali ndi chinthu chapadera kwambiri komanso chamtengo wapatali. Ndipo amenewo ndi Maselo Oyambira.
Ndiye kodi maselo oyambira awa ndi chiyani?
Taganizirani izi ngati matsenga. Maselo oyambira ndi mtundu wa "selo loyambira" m'matupi athu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti maselo amenewa amatha kukhala mtundu uliwonse wa maselo amagazi omwe thupi lathu limafunikira (monga maselo oyera amagazi, maselo ofiira amagazi). Zili ngati kupanga mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a miphika kuchokera ku dothi lomwelo.
Thupi la munthu wathanzi limapanga maselo oyambira awa mokwanira. Komabe, mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda enaake aakulu, thupi silingathe kupanga maselo oyambira athanzi. Pazochitika zotere, maselo oyambira awa ofunikira ochokera ku magazi a umbilical cord angathandizenso kupulumutsa moyo wa munthuyo.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti ngati magazi a umbilical cord satengedwa mwana akabadwa, adzatayika pamodzi ndi placenta. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chinthu chamtengo wapatali kwambiri chidzatayika.
Kodi ubwino wosonkhanitsa ndi kusunga magazi awa (Cord Blood Banking) ndi wotani?
Maselo oyambira kuchokera m'magazi a umbilical cord amatha kuikidwa m'thupi la anthu omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu kuti awathandize kupanga maselo atsopano komanso athanzi m'thupi lawo. Ofufuza apeza matenda pafupifupi 80 omwe angachiritsidwe ndi njira imeneyi.
Izi ndi zina mwa matenda akuluakulu omwe amachiritsidwa ndi kuikidwa maselo oyambira:
| Matenda | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Mitundu ya khansa (monga khansa ya m'magazi, lymphoma) | Izi ndi khansa ya m'magazi kapena ya m'mitsempha yamagazi. Kusamutsa maselo oyambira kumawononga maselo odwala ndipo kumalimbikitsa kupanga maselo atsopano athanzi amagazi. |
| Matenda a m'mafupa | Ngati mafuta a m'mafupa sakutha kupanga maselo a magazi abwino, kuwayika m'malo enaake kungathandize kubwezeretsa njira imeneyi. |
| Mitundu ya kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi (monga matenda a sickle cell) | Izi ndi matenda a majini omwe amakhudza maselo ofiira a magazi. Maselo oyambira athanzi amathandiza thupi kupanga maselo ofiira a magazi abwinobwino komanso athanzi. |
| Zofooka za chitetezo chamthupi | Anthu ena amabadwa ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka. Kubzala maselo amenewa kungathandize kulimbitsa chitetezo chamthupi. |
Kuphatikiza apo, ofufuza akupitilizabe kufufuza ngati maselo oyambira awa angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza matenda ena angapo, monga matenda a Parkinson ndi matenda a shuga.
Kodi njira zosungira magazi m'chingwe ndi ziti?
Ngati mukufuna kusunga magazi a mwana wanu m'chifuwa, pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zochitira izi. Izi ndi mabanki aboma ndi mabanki achinsinsi/abanja. Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa njira ziwirizi.
| Mbali | Mabanki a Boma | Mabanki Achinsinsi |
|---|---|---|
| Mtengo | Kawirikawiri ndi zaulere. (Ngati chipatala chanu chikupereka chithandizochi) | Ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri . Pali ndalama zoyambira zotolera magazi ndi ndalama zosungira pachaka. |
| Umwini | Mumapereka magazi amenewo. Mulibe ufulu wopereka magaziwo. | Muli ndi umwini wonse wa magazi. |
| Kagwiritsidwe Ntchito | Ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa wodwala aliyense woyenera (kulikonse padziko lapansi) kapena pa kafukufuku wa zamankhwala. | Ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi banja lanu lokha . |
| Ndani amene ali woyenera kwambiri? | Kwa aliyense amene akufuna kuthandiza pa ntchito yaikulu yopulumutsa moyo wa wina, popanda kulipira kalikonse. | Ndi bwino kwambiri ngati mwana wina kapena munthu wina m'banjamo ali kale ndi vuto la matenda (monga matenda a majini) lomwe limafuna kuikidwa maselo oyambira. |
Zambiri zokhudza Mabanki a Boma...
Izi zili ngati kupereka magazi. Mumapereka magazi a mwana wanu popanda kulipira. Kenako banki imasunga magaziwo ndikuwapereka kwa wodwala kwinakwake padziko lonse lapansi amene amafanana ndi maselo amenewo kuti apulumutse moyo wake. Sizikudziwika konse. Izi zikutanthauza kuti palibe amene akudziwa amene adalandira magazi a mwana wanu, kapena amene munalandira magaziwo. Madokotala ambiri amalimbikitsa njira iyi chifukwa imakulolani kuthandiza wina popanda chiopsezo chilichonse.
Zambiri zokhudza mabanki achinsinsi...
Chomwe chimachitika apa ndichakuti mumalipira ndalama kuti magazi a mwana wanu asungidwe kuti banja lanu ligwiritse ntchito lokha. Koma ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri. Muyenera kulipira ndalama zambiri kuti mutenge magaziwo kaye, kenako muyenera kulipira ndalama zambiri kuti musunge chaka chilichonse.
Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti, "Ngati mwana wanga adwala mtsogolo, nditha kumugwiritsa ntchito." Koma zoona zake n'zakuti, nthawi zambiri, mwana sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito maselo ake enieni (makamaka ngati ali ndi matenda a majini). Chifukwa chake, njira imeneyi nthawi zambiri siithandiza pokhapokha ngati wachibale wina ali ndi matenda enaake. Nthawi zambiri, magazi omwe amasungidwa mwanjira imeneyi amawonongeka popanda kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kodi chisankho chiyenera kupangidwa liti pankhaniyi?
Si chinthu chomwe muyenera kusiya mpaka mphindi yomaliza. Ndi bwino kupanga chisankho pa izi musanakhale ndi pakati pa milungu 34 .
Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa izi:
- Zipatala zina nthawi zambiri sizimakhala ndi zida zosonkhanitsira magazi. Muyenera kuzibweretsa pasadakhale.
- Mudzafunika nthawi yodzaza mafomu oyenerera ovomereza ndikuyankha mafunso okhudza mbiri yanu yaumoyo.
- Ngati mwasankha banki yachinsinsi, muyenera kulipira koyamba mwana asanabadwe.
Choncho, ndi bwino kukambirana izi ndi dokotala wanu ndikupeza mfundo zofunika, monga momwe zilili mu trimester yachiwiri ya mimba yanu.
Kodi njira yosonkhanitsira magazi imagwira ntchito bwanji?
Iyi ndi njira yosavuta komanso yotetezeka. Mwana wanu akabadwa ndipo chingwe cha umbilical chatsekedwa ndikudulidwa, dokotala kapena ogwira ntchito ophunzitsidwa bwino amagwiritsa ntchito singano kuti atenge magazi otsala kuchokera ku chingwe cha umbilical kupita nawo m'thumba lapadera.
Izi sizidzakupwetekani, kuvulaza kapena kusasangalala kulikonse kwa inu kapena mwana wanu. Izi zili choncho chifukwa magazi satengedwa m'thupi la mwana, koma kuchokera ku chingwe chodulidwa. Njira yonseyi imatenga mphindi zochepa chabe. Kenako chipatala chimatumiza chitsanzo cha magazi ku banki yoyenera ya "magazi a chingwe". Kumeneko, magazi amayesedwa, kusankhidwa ndikusungidwa mufiriji (''ozizira'').
Kodi pali amene angapereke magazi awa?
Ayi. Si aliyense amene angapereke magazi. Muyenera kukwaniritsa ziyeneretso zinazake. Muyenera kuyankha mafunso okhudza mbiri ya thanzi lanu ndi la banja lanu. Kutengera ndi mayankho amenewo, zidzasankhidwa ngati magazi a mwana wanu ndi oyenera kuperekedwa kapena ayi.
Nazi zinthu zina zomwe nthawi zambiri zimaganiziridwa:
- Zaka za amayi opitirira zaka 18.
- Chiyembekezo ndi kukhala ndi mwana m'modzi yekha (osati mapasa).
- Mwanayo alibe matenda aliwonse a majini omwe apezeka panopa.
- Sindinachitepo zojambula pa thupi kapena kuboola thupi pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zosagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda m'miyezi 12 yapitayi.
- Mayiyo sanakumanepo ndi matenda monga Hepatitis B, C, ndi (HIV).
- Mayiyo sanalandire chithandizo cha mankhwala a khansa.
Mudzafunsidwa mafunso angapo okhudza zinthu izi. Mafunso awa ndi otsimikizira chitetezo ndi ubwino wa magazi omwe akutengedwa.
Njira yoberekera (kubereka m'njira yoberekera kapena kuchitidwa opaleshoni ya m'mimba) sikukulepheretsani kutenga magazi awa. Izi zitha kuchitika m'njira iliyonse.
Pomaliza, ichi ndi chisankho chaumwini. Mungaganize kuti kusunga magazi ku banki yachinsinsi pamtengo wokwera ndi koyenera banja lanu. Kapena, mungaganize kuti kupereka magazi ku banki ya boma kwaulere ndikupereka ndalama zothandizira kupulumutsa moyo wa munthu wosamudziwa n'kopindulitsa. Lankhulani ndi banja lanu, makamaka dokotala wanu, za izi ndipo pangani chisankho chomwe chili chabwino kwa inu ndi banja lanu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Magazi omwe amasiyidwa mu umbilical cord ya mwana ndi gwero lolemera la maselo oyambira omwe amatha kuchiritsa matenda akuluakulu monga khansa.
- Kupereka magazi ku banki ya boma nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwaulere, ndipo kungathandize kupulumutsa moyo wa wodwala wosadziwika.
- Kusunga magazi m'banki yachinsinsi n'kokwera mtengo kwambiri, ndipo kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri ngati mwana wina kapena wachibale wapafupi ali kale ndi vuto la matenda lomwe limafuna maselo oyambira.
- Njira yosonkhanitsira magazi si yopweteka kapena yovulaza mayi kapena mwana. Ndi yotetezeka kwathunthu.
- Ichi ndi chisankho chofunikira kwambiri chaumwini, choncho onetsetsani kuti mwakambirana zonse ndi dokotala wanu ndi kupanga chisankho chabwino kwambiri.
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