Kodi munamvapo za 'Pap smear'? Kapena munamvapo za chotupa chaching'ono pakhosi panu, ndipo dokotalayo anatenga chitsanzo chaching'ono ndi singano yopyapyala n'kuchitumiza kuti 'chikayesedwe'? Ndicho chimene tikambirane lero, chomwe chimatchedwa cytology. Ngakhale kuti chingawoneke ngati chinthu chaching'ono poyamba, ichi ndi mayeso ofunika kwambiri omwe amathandiza kuzindikira matenda m'thupi mwathu msanga. Tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule.
Kodi Cytology ndi chiyani m'mawu osavuta?
Mwachidule, cytology ndi njira yowonera maselo m'thupi lathu pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu kuti tipeze matenda. Zili ngati kukhala wofufuza. Katswiri, wotchedwa pathologist, amayang'ana maselo omwe ali mu chitsanzo chochepa kwambiri cha madzi kapena minofu yotengedwa m'thupi lanu.
Amafufuza makamaka kusintha kulikonse kosazolowereka m'maselo awa. Kusintha kumeneku kungakhale chizindikiro cha khansa . Kapena kungakhale vuto lomwe lingayambitse khansa . Sikuti kokha, mayesowa amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuzindikira matenda monga mabakiteriya, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, bowa, kapena mavairasi.
N’chifukwa chiyani dokotala angalamule mayeso ngati amenewa?
Pali zifukwa zingapo zazikulu zomwe dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti muyesedwe ndi cytology.
- Monga njira yoyezera ndi kuzindikiritsa khansa: Kuyeza kumeneku kungathandize kuzindikira mitundu ina ya khansa zizindikiro zisanawonekere. Ndikofunikanso kutsimikizira ngati chotupa kapena vuto ndi khansa kapena ayi.
- Kuzindikira matenda opatsirana: Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tayambitsa matenda kwinakwake m'thupi.
- Kuzindikira matenda otupa: Kuyesaku kumathandizanso kuzindikira matenda ena otupa m'thupi, monga sarcoidosis.
Kodi njira zosiyanasiyana zoyesera maselo awa ndi ziti?
Mayeso a cytology awa akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu atatu akuluakulu, kutengera momwe dokotalayo amatengera chitsanzo cha maselo kuchokera kwa inu. Tiyeni tiwone izi m'njira yosavuta kuti timvetse.
| Mtundu wa mayeso | Momwe mungapezere maselo | Zitsanzo |
|---|---|---|
| Kuchotsa poizoni m'thupi (Exfoliative Cytology) | Kufufuza maselo omwe amatuluka kapena kutulutsidwa ndi thupi mwachibadwa. Awa amapezeka m'madzi amthupi. | - Kusanthula kwa mkodzo - Chifuwa - Kutuluka kwa madzi m'maso, m'mimba, kapena m'mabere - Madzi a m'mitsempha ya ubongo ndi msana - Madzi ozungulira mapapo, mtima, kapena m'mimba |
| Cytology Yosakhazikika | Maselo amakwapulidwa kapena kupukutidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo. Nthawi zina, maselo amatsukidwa pogwiritsa ntchito madzi. | - Kuyeza magazi m'chiberekero: Iyi ndi njira yodziwika kwambiri yodziwira matenda a m'chiberekero. - Pa nthawi ya bronchoscopy: Kutsuka kapena kutsuka maselo ochokera m'njira zopumira kapena m'mapapo. - Pa nthawi ya endoscopy: Kutenga maselo kuchokera m'malo monga m'mero ndi m'mimba. - Kuchotsa maselo a khungu kuchokera ku matuza kapena mabala. |
| Kulowererapo / Kupuma Cytology (FNA) | Kugwiritsa ntchito singano yopyapyala kwambiri kuboola khungu ndikuchotsa maselo okhala ndi madzi kuchokera pa chotupa kapena chotupa. Izi zimatchedwa Fine-Needle Aspiration (FNA) . | - Ma lymph nodes okulirapo m'khosi ndi m'khwapa - Matumbo a chithokomiro - Matumbo a m'mawere - Masamba a malovu |
Kodi mayeso a maselo amachitidwa bwanji?
Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiwone momwe njira yonseyi imagwirira ntchito. Pali njira zingapo zochitira izi.
1. Kutenga chitsanzo: Choyamba, dokotala wanu adzatenga chitsanzo cha maselo m'thupi lanu pogwiritsa ntchito njira yoyenera (monga kukanda, kutsuka, kapena kufinya ndi singano).
2. Kutumiza ku labu: Kenako, chitsanzochi chimapakidwa pa galasi kapena kuyikidwa mu botolo laling'ono ndikutumizidwa ku labu.
3. Kukonzekera chitsanzo:Mu labu, katswiri wa zamakina okonzekera maselo amakonza chitsanzocho kuti chiyesedwe. Apa, utoto wosiyanasiyana umayikidwa kuti maselo awonekere bwino. Izi zimatchedwa 'kudaya'.
4. Kufufuza kwa microscopic: Tsopano ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri. Katswiri wa cytologist ndi katswiri wa matenda amayang'ana chitsanzo chokonzedwachi pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu. Amafufuza mawonekedwe a maselo, kukula kwawo, momwe maselo amaphatikizidwira pamodzi, mtundu wa nyukiliyasi, ndi zina zambiri. Amafufuza kusintha kulikonse kwachilendo kapena kupezeka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
5. Kukonzekera lipoti: Pomaliza, katswiri wa matenda amapanga lipoti lathunthu kuphatikizapo zomwe adawona ndi matenda. Lipotili ndi lomwe dokotala wanu amalandira.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mayeso asanachitike komanso atatha?
Nthawi zambiri, sipafunika kukonzekera kwapadera poyesa cytology. Komabe, mayeso ena (monga chitsanzo, ngati chitsanzo chatengedwa kudzera mu endoscopy) angafunike malangizo enaake. Chifukwa chake ndi bwino kufunsa dokotala wanu ngati pali chilichonse chapadera chomwe muyenera kuchita musanayesedwe.
Pambuyo poyezetsa, dokotala wanu akalandira lipoti la dokotala wa matenda, adzakambirana nanu zotsatira zake ndikusankha choti achite kenako.
Kodi ubwino wa kuyesa maselo ndi wotani? Kodi umasiyana bwanji ndi biopsy?
Kuyesa kwa maselo kuli ndi ubwino waukulu wambiri, makamaka poyerekeza ndi njira ina yoyesera, biopsy.
- Chitsanzo chochepa kwambiri ndi chokwanira pa izi.
- Sizipweteka kwambiri ngati biopsy.
- Kulowa m'thupi kumakhala kochepa kwambiri .
- Chiwopsezo cha mavuto ndi chochepa kwambiri .
Kusiyana pakati pa Cytology ndi Biopsy: Ganizirani za cytology ngati kutenga chidutswa cha njerwa chomwe chagwa pakhoma la njerwa ndikuchiyang'ana. Chomwe tingathe kuwona ndi momwe njerwayo imaonekera. Biopsy ndikutenga chidutswa chaching'ono cha khoma ndikuwona momwe njerwa ndi matope zimagwirizanirana. Ndiko kuti, mu cytology, timayang'ana maselo pawokha kapena magulu a maselo. Mu biopsy, timayang'ana kapangidwe ka minofu yonse.
Kodi tanthauzo la lipoti lomwe lalandiridwa ndi chiyani?
Zotsatira zomwe mudzalandire zidzadalira chifukwa cha mayesowo komanso gawo la thupi lomwe chitsanzocho chinatengedwa. Zotsatira zake zimaphatikizapo:
| Mtundu wa zotsatira zake | Tanthauzo losavuta |
|---|---|
| Zachizolowezi / Zoyipa | Zimatanthauza kuti palibe matenda kapena maselo a khansa omwe adapezeka m'maselo omwe adawunikidwa. Ngati kachilombo kapezeka, zikutanthauza kuti palibe kachilombo komwe kapezeka. |
| Zosatsimikizika / Zosakhutiritsa | Izi zikutanthauza kuti panalibe maselo okwanira mu chitsanzocho kuti apeze yankho lomveka bwino. Mayesowo angafunike kubwerezedwanso. |
| Zachilendo / Zabwino | Zimatanthauza kuti maselowo amaoneka mosiyana ndi maselo abwinobwino. Koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti muli ndi khansa. Kungakhale matenda kapena kusintha kwina kochepa. Lipotilo likhoza kukhala ndi mawu monga dysplasia, hyperplasia, kapena metaplasia. Dokotala wanu adzafotokoza izi. |
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati zotsatira zake sizili zachilendo?
Musachite mantha ngati zotsatira zake sizili bwino. Dokotala wanu adzasankha choti achite kutengera mtundu wa vutolo. Akhoza kuyitanitsa mayeso ena, monga biopsy, kapena angakulangizeni kuti muyambe kulandira chithandizo. Chofunika kwambiri ndikulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za vutoli ndikutsatira malangizo ake.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Cytology ndi njira yosavuta, yotetezeka, komanso yopanda ululu yomwe imafufuza maselo a thupi kuti adziwe matenda.
- Izi zimathandiza kwambiri kuzindikira khansa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana msanga.
- Kuyeza kwa Pap, komwe kumachitika kwambiri pakati pa akazi, ndi mtundu wa mayeso a cytology.
- Ngati zotsatira za mayeso anu 'sizili zachilendo', sizitanthauza kuti nthawi zonse muli ndi khansa. Choncho musadandaule.
- Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena kukayikira kulikonse pa mayeso kapena zotsatira zake, kambiranani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu.
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