Tangoganizani kuti mukuyenda mumsewu kapena mukugula zinthu ku supermarket ndipo wina mwadzidzidzi wataya chikumbumtima ndikugwa pansi. Mukathamanga, mukuona kuti munthuyo sakupuma, ndipo chifuwa chake sichikugunda. Tonse tawona izi m'mafilimu, sichoncho? Kenako madokotala amabwera ndikuyika makina pachifuwa chawo ndikuwapatsa mphamvu, kenako amabwerera ku moyo. Chithandizo chopulumutsa moyo chomwe tikambirane lero ndi defibrillation. Ichi si chithandizo chokha, chingakhale kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa moyo ndi imfa.
Kodi defibrillation m'mawu osavuta ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, defibrillation ndi kupereka mphamvu yamagetsi yolamulidwa bwino komanso yolondola pamtima. Tsopano mwina mukuganiza kuti, " Kodi izi ndi zodabwitsa?" Inde, ndi zodabwitsa. Koma izi sizichitika kuti zivulaze mtima, koma kuti zipulumutse mtima.
Tangoganizani kompyuta yanu yapachikidwa mwadzidzidzi ndipo singathe kuchita chilichonse. Kodi timatani kenako? Timayambiranso, sichoncho? Umu ndi momwe zimakhalira. Pamene mtima wayamba kugwira ntchito molakwika mwadzidzidzi ndipo sungathe kupompa magazi bwino, kugwedezeka kwamagetsi kumeneku kumaperekedwa kuti kuyimitse mtima womwe sukugwira ntchito kwa sekondi imodzi kenako ndikuupatsa mwayi woti uyambenso kugwira ntchito bwino. Zili ngati "kubwezeretsa" mtima.
Chithandizochi chimafunika makamaka pa kugunda kwa mtima komwe kumapha ziwalo ziwiri zapansi pa mtima, zomwe ndi ma ventricle.
1. Ventricular Tachycardia - Pulseless: Apa ndi pamene zipinda zapansi za mtima zimayamba kugunda mofulumira kwambiri, kugunda kopitilira 100 pamphindi. Mtima ukagunda mofulumira kwambiri, sukhala ndi nthawi yodzaza ndi magazi bwino kapena kuupompa kupita ku thupi. Patapita kanthawi, kugunda kwa mtima kumakhala kosaoneka.
2. Ventricular Fibrillation: Ichi ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha Kumangidwa kwa Mtima Mwadzidzidzi . Chomwe chimachitika apa ndichakuti m'malo mogunda bwino, minofu ya mtima imayamba kugwedezeka mosalamulirika. Imagwedezeka ngati jelly, ndipo palibe magazi omwe amapopedwa. Popeza ubongo ndi ziwalo zina sizilandira magazi, munthuyo amatha kufa mkati mwa mphindi zochepa.
Pa nthawi yomwe moyo uli pachiwopsezo chotere, njira yabwino yopulumutsira moyo wa munthu ndi kumupatsa defibrillation mwachangu momwe angathere. Sekondi iliyonse ndi yofunika.
Ndani akufunikira chithandizo ichi?
Chithandizochi nthawi zambiri chimafunika kwa magulu awiri a anthu. Choyamba, monga tanenera kale, ndi munthu amene mwadzidzidzi wadwala matenda a mtima ndipo wabweretsedwa kuchipatala, kapena munthu amene watengedwa kupita naye kuchipatala.
Gulu lina ndi la anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga mtundu uwu wa kugunda kwa mtima komwe kumapha anthu. Anthu omwe adadwalapo matenda a mtima, omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima lofooka, kapena omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima m'majini angakhale pachiwopsezo. Kwa anthu otere, pali ma defibrillator omwe amatha kuwasunga pafupi nthawi zonse.
| Mtundu wa Chipangizo | Momwe imagwirira ntchito |
|---|---|
| Chotsukira Magazi Chovalidwa ndi Cardioverter | Ichi ndi chipangizo chomwe mumavala pansi pa zovala zanu, monga jekete. Masensa omwe ali pamenepo amakhudza khungu lanu ndipo nthawi zonse amawunika momwe mtima wanu umagwirira ntchito. Ngati pali kamvekedwe koopsa, kamazindikira kokha ndipo kamakupangitsani kugwedezeka kwamagetsi kofunikira. |
| Chotsukira Mitsempha Chosalowa M'thupi (ICD) | Ichi ndi chipangizo chaching'ono chomwe chimayikidwa pansi pa khungu la chifuwa pambuyo pa opaleshoni yaying'ono. Mawaya ochokera pamenepo amalumikizidwa ku mtima. Chili ngati pacemaker, koma chapamwamba kwambiri. Chimatha kulamulira kugunda kwa mtima ngati chichepa, ndipo chimatha kuzindikira ndikupereka kugwedezeka kwamagetsi kopulumutsa moyo ngati chikuyamba kuyenda mofulumira kwambiri. |
Kugwedezeka kwamagetsi kuchokera ku ICD nthawi zina kumatha kumveka ngati kupweteka kosapweteka, ndipo nthawi zina kumatha kumveka ngati kupweteka kwakukulu, ngati munthu amene akukumenya pachifuwa. Koma panthawiyo, kungapulumutse moyo wanu.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani musanayambe komanso mutatha chithandizo cha defibrillation?
Tangoganizani munthu wina watengedwa mwadzidzidzi n’kubweretsedwa ku Chipatala cha Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU). Madokotala ndi anamwino nthawi yomweyo anayamba kuchitapo kanthu.
Musanalandire chithandizo
Mpaka chipangizo choyeretsera mpweya chitakhala chokonzeka, gulu lachipatala lipitiliza kupereka CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) , zomwe zikutanthauza kupsinjika pachifuwa ndi kupuma kochita kupanga.Kuyesa kusunga magazi kupita ku ubongo ndi ziwalo zina mwa kupereka magazi.
Makinawo akakonzeka, asanaperekedwe mphamvu yamagetsi, woyang'anira amafuula mokweza kuti, "Chotsani!" Izi zikutanthauza kuti "Aliyense ayeretsa!" Panthawiyo, palibe amene ayenera kukhudza wodwala kapena bedi lomwe wodwalayo ali. Ngati akhudza, magetsi amatha kudutsa m'thupi la munthuyo, zomwe zimapangitsa ngozi.
Pa nthawi ya chithandizo
Mu chipatala, dokotala amatsatira njira izi.
| Gawo | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| 1. Kumangirira Mapaddle kapena Ma Paddle | Zipangizo ziwiri zachitsulo (mapaddles) kapena mapadi omwe angalumikizidwe ngati zomata kuti apereke mphamvu zamagetsi amayikidwa pachifuwa cha wodwalayo pamalo awiri enieni. Chimodzi chimayikidwa pansi pa phewa lamanja ndi china pansi pa nipple yakumanzere. Pofuna kupewa kutentha pakhungu, gel yoyendetsa magetsi imayikidwa pa izi. |
| 2. Kupereka mphamvu yamagetsi | Makinawo amachajidwa kufika pamlingo wofunikira wa mphamvu, ndipo dokotala nthawi yomweyo amakanikiza mabatani a ma pedal awiri. Batani la makina otchedwa pad limakanizidwa. Pa nthawiyi, magetsi amadutsa pachifuwa ndikupita kumtima. |
| 3. Kutsitsimula mtima | Kugwedezeka kwa magetsi kumeneku kumaletsa ntchito yosokonezeka ya mtima kwa sekondi imodzi. Izi zimapatsa pacemaker yachilengedwe ya mtima mwayi woti iyambenso kugunda bwino. |
Ma AED m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri
Mwina munawonapo AED (Automated External Defibrillator) m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri monga ma eyapoti, masitolo akuluakulu, ndi mabwalo amasewera.Bokosi lopachikidwa pakhoma. Iyi ndi makina odzitetezera okha omwe adapangidwira aliyense kuti agwiritse ntchito. Ngati wina wagwa, chomwe muyenera kuchita ndikubweretsa makinawa ndikuyika ma pad awiri pachifuwa cha wodwalayo. Kenako makinawo amasanthula kugunda kwa mtima ndikusankha ngati achite "shock" kapena ayi. Ngati pakufunika, amachaja okha ndikupereka malangizo a mawu, "Dinani batani tsopano." Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngakhale munthu wopanda chidziwitso cha zachipatala angathandize kupulumutsa moyo.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mukalandira chithandizo?
Pambuyo pomugwedeza ndi magetsi, zonse sizinathe. Kenako, gulu lachipatala nthawi yomweyo limachitanso CPR kwa mphindi ziwiri . Kenako amafufuza ngati kugunda kwa mtima kwabwerera mwakale ndikuwona ngati kugunda kwa mtima kwabwerera mwakale.
Ngati kugunda kwa mtima sikunabwerere mwakale, munthu angapatsidwe shock imodzi kapena zingapo, ndipo mankhwala monga adrenaline (epinephrine) kapena amiodarone angapatsidwe.
Ngati mtima wayamba kugunda koma wodwalayo akadali wosadziwa, hypothermia yochiritsira ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa ubongo. Wodwalayo akakhazikika, mayeso monga catheterization ya mtima atha kuchitidwa kuti adziwe chomwe chayambitsa vutoli.
Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire?
Kuchira pambuyo pa kulephera kwa mtima mwadzidzidzi ndi chithandizo cha defibrillation ndi ulendo wautali womwe ungatenge miyezi, nthawi zina zaka. Ndi vuto lalikulu, mwakuthupi komanso m'maganizo.
- Kusasangalala ndi thupi: Anthu ambiri amamva kutopa. Pa nthawi ya CPR, nthiti pachifuwa zimatha kusweka, zomwe zingayambitse ululu. Anthu ena amathanso kuvutika kuyenda kapena kugwidwa ndi khunyu.
- Kubwezeretsa: Zingakhale zovuta kupita kuntchito kapena kuchita zinthu zatsiku ndi tsiku mwachizolowezi. Chifukwa chake, chithandizo monga chithandizo cha ntchito, chithandizo cha thupi, ndi chithandizo cha kulankhula chingakhale chofunikira.
Nthawi ndi kuleza mtima ndizofunikira kwambiri paulendowu. Chithandizo cha banja nachonso n'chofunikira.
Kodi muyenera kukaonana ndi dokotala liti?
Ngati muwona wina akugwa mwadzidzidzi kwinakwake, imbani 1990 nthawi yomweyo ndipo imbani ambulansi. Ndicho chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe mungachite.
Munthu amene wapulumuka matenda a mtima ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodwalanso matenda ena a mtima. Chifukwa chake, dokotalayo adzachiza chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa ndipo nthawi zambiri amalangiza kuti aike chipangizo cha ICD kuti adziteteze mtsogolo.
Ngati muli ndi ICD:
- Imwani mankhwala omwe dokotala wakupatsani monga momwe mwalangizidwira.
- Onetsetsani kuti mwapita kuzipatala kuti mukaone ngati ICD ikugwira ntchito bwino.
- Batire ya ICD nthawi zambiri imafunika kusinthidwa zaka 5-7 zilizonse. Dokotala wanu adzakudziwitsaninso za izi.
Ngakhale kuti ulendowu ndi wautali, ndi chithandizo chamankhwala choyenera komanso kuchira, mutha kubwerera ku moyo wabwinobwino.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kutsegula mtima (defibrillation) ndi njira yopulumutsira moyo yamagetsi yomwe imaperekedwa kuti ibwezeretse kayendedwe kabwino ka mtima ku kayendedwe koopsa.
- Nthawi ndi yofunika kwambiri pa nthawi ya mtima kuima. Kuchita CPR mpaka chipangizo choyezera kutentha chikapezeka kumawonjezera mwayi wopulumutsa moyo.
- Ma AED m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri apangidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ndi aliyense. Tsatirani malangizo omwe aperekedwa.
- Munthu amene wapulumuka kukomoka kwa mtima mwadzidzidzi nthawi zambiri amaikidwa ICD kuti adziteteze mtsogolo, zomwe zimafuna kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala nthawi zonse.
- Ngati wina wagwa pamaso panu, imbani chithandizo chamankhwala mwamsanga. Kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu kungapulumutse moyo wa wina.
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