Kodi mukuda nkhawa ndi magazi kuundana? Mungakhale ndi nkhawa ndi matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko. Kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo, madokotala amalemba mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amadziwika kuti "ochepetsa magazi." Kotero lero tikambirana za mtundu watsopano, koma wofunikira kwambiri wa mankhwala. Umenewo ndi Direct Thrombin Inhibitors.
Mwachidule, kodi ma Direct Thrombin Inhibitors awa ndi chiyani?
Izi ndi zomwe timazitcha mankhwala ochepetsa magazi, kapena mankhwala oletsa magazi kuundana m'njira yachipatala. Ntchito yawo ndikuletsa kupanga magazi kuundana m'thupi kosafunikira. Tangoganizani, anthu ambiri padziko lonse lapansi amafa ndi matenda a mtima. Chifukwa chake mitundu iyi ya mankhwala ndi yothandiza kwambiri poletsa magazi kuundana kutsekereza mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imapereka ziwalo zofunika monga mtima ndi ubongo.
Ngakhale kale, mankhwala awa ankapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zofanana ndi mapuloteni omwe amapezeka m'malovu a nsabwe, mankhwala amakono opangidwa m'ma laboratories akugwiritsidwa ntchito tsopano.
Kodi mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda otani?
Madokotala amalimbikitsa mtundu uwu wa mankhwala, otchedwa direct thrombin inhibitors, kuti apewe ndikulamulira matenda ambiri. Tiyeni tiwone tebulo ngati ili kuti timvetsetse mosavuta izi.
| Mkhalidwe | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Matenda a mtima oopsa (Acute Coronary Syndrome) | Kuchepa kapena kuima kwadzidzidzi kwa magazi chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa mtsempha womwe umanyamula magazi kupita kumtima. |
| Kuchuluka kwa Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) | Vuto lovuta lomwe heparin yochepetsera magazi imayambitsa kuchepa kwa ma platelet, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi aziundana. |
| Kutsekeka kwa Mitsempha ya Venous (VTE) | Magazi amaundana ndipo amamatira m'mitsempha m'thupi. |
| Kupewa Matenda a Stroke mu Atrial Fibrillation (Afib) | Pewani sitiroko kwa odwala omwe alibe vuto la valve ya mtima koma ali ndi kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika (Afib). |
| Pambuyo pa opaleshoni yobwezeretsa chiuno | Chepetsani chiopsezo cha magazi kuundana m'miyendo mutachita opaleshoni. |
| Kutsekeka kwa Mitsempha Yakuya (DVT) | Kuundana kwa magazi, makamaka m'mitsempha yozama m'miyendo. |
| Kutsekeka kwa M'mapapo | Magazi oundana mwendo amasweka ndipo amalowa m'mitsempha m'mapapo. |
Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa amaperekedwanso ngati jakisoni panthawi ya chithandizo monga angioplasty, chomwe chimatsegula mitsempha ya mtima.
Kodi mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito bwanji m'thupi?
Izi n'zosavuta kumvetsa. Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi njira yothira magazi m'thupi lathu. Pakati pawo , "Thrombin" ali ngati mainjiniya wamkulu wa fakitale yothira magazi. Iye ndiye amene amapereka malangizo pa njira yothira magazi.
Kotero chomwe Direct Thrombin Inhibitor iyi imachita ndi chakuti imamangirira mwachindunji ku chinthu chotchedwa thrombin ndikuchiletsa kugwira ntchito yake. Zili ngati munthu akudumpha patsogolo pa chopangira magazi ndikusokoneza ntchito yake. Pamene magazi akusiya kugwira ntchito, njira yonse yopangira magazi imasiya.
Koma nthawi zina mankhwalawa angayambitse kutuluka magazi kwambiri. Pazochitika zotere, pamakhala jakisoni wotchedwa Idarucizumab kuti athetse zotsatira za piritsi lotchedwa Dabigatran . Komabe, palibe mankhwala enieni a mankhwala operekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha (IV). Komabe, mankhwalawa akangoyimitsidwa, zotsatira zake zimatha m'thupi pakapita nthawi.
Kodi ubwino wa mankhwalawa ndi wotani?
Poyerekeza ndi mankhwala akale ochepetsa magazi, mtundu watsopanowu wa mankhwala uli ndi ubwino wambiri.
- Zotsatira zake ndi zenizeni:Popeza mankhwalawa amangogwirizana ndi thrombin, zotsatira zake zimakhala zofanana kwambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mutha kuyembekezera zotsatira zomwezo nthawi iliyonse mukatenga mlingo womwewo. Simukuyenera kusintha mlingo nthawi zambiri monga momwe mungachitire ndi warfarin.
- Sizichepetsa ma platelet m'magazi: Izi sizichepetsa ma platelet m'magazi monga mankhwala ena.
- Palibe chifukwa choyezetsa magazi pafupipafupi: Mukamamwa Warfarin, muyenera kuyezetsa magazi pafupipafupi kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa magazi omwe amaundana (INR test). Koma mankhwalawa safuna zimenezo.
- Chiwopsezo chochepa komanso chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito: Dabigatran, yomwe imatengedwa ngati piritsi, ili ndi chiopsezo chochepa chotuluka magazi poyerekeza ndi Warfarin. Ilinso ndi kuyanjana kochepa ndi mankhwala ena. Ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito chifukwa ingatengedwe kamodzi kapena kawiri patsiku.
- Njira ina yabwino: Iyi ndi njira ina yabwino kwa iwo omwe sangathe kumwa mankhwala a Heparin.
Kodi mankhwalawa ndi othandiza bwanji? Kodi pali chiopsezo chilichonse?
Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti mankhwalawa ndi otetezeka komanso ogwira ntchito ngati Warfarin kapena Heparin. Komabe, pali chenjezo limodzi lofunika. Mankhwalawa si oyenera anthu omwe ali ndi ma valve a mtima. Dokotala wanu adzakulangizani pa izi.
Kusiyana kwakukulu kwa mankhwala awa ndikuti amakhala m'thupi kwa nthawi yochepa.
Tangoganizirani, mukatenga mlingo wa Warfarin, pafupifupi theka lake limatha kukhala m'thupi mwanu kwa maola 20-60. Koma mukatenga mankhwala ngati Dabigatran, theka lake limachoka m'thupi mwanu pakatha maola 12-14.
Chofunika kwambiri chomwe tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuchokera apa ndichakuti si bwino kusiya kumwa mankhwala pazifukwa zilizonse . Ngati mwaphonya kumwa mankhwala, mphamvu ya mankhwalawo idzachepa msanga, ndipo chiopsezo chotenga magazi ambiri chikhoza kuwonjezeka mwadzidzidzi.
Kodi zotsatirapo zake ndi mavuto ake ndi ziti?
Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, izi zitha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zake. Ngakhale zina zili bwino, zina zimafuna kuti tizikhala osamala kwambiri.
Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri komanso zoopsa kwambiri ndi kutuluka magazi ambiri (Mavuto otuluka magazi). Kuphatikiza apo, zotsatirazi zitha kuchitika:
- Kutupa kwa m'mimba, dyspepsia (kutupa kwa m'mimba)
- Kuwawa kwam'mimba
- Mkodzo wa bulauni kapena pinki
- Mutu
- Kuthamanga kwa magazi pang'ono (Hypotension)
- Kupweteka pachifuwa
- Chizungulire
- Kuvuta kupuma
- Malungo
- Sepsis (matenda oopsa a thupi ku matenda)
- Kumangidwa kwa mtima
Kodi ndiyenera kuyimbira dokotala liti?
Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zilizonse mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, dziwitsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
Makamaka ngati pali zizindikiro za kutuluka magazi ambiri, ndi vuto ladzidzidzi.Mwachitsanzo, ngati bala silikusiya kutuluka magazi, ngati ndowe zanu zili zakuda, ngati mukusanza magazi, kapena ngati mutu wanu ukupweteka kwambiri, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) yapafupi nthawi yomweyo. Musazengereze.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Mankhwala oletsa magazi kuundana mwachindunji ndi mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri omwe amaletsa magazi kuundana. Nthawi zonse imwani mlingo womwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani, panthawi yoyenera.
- Musamalumphe mlingo wa mankhwala pazifukwa zilizonse. Kuchita zimenezi kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha magazi kuundana. Ngati mwaiwala kumwa mlingo, funsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo za zomwe mungachite kenako.
- Dziwani zizindikiro za kutuluka magazi ambiri (ndowe zakuda, kusanza magazi, kutuluka magazi kosalekeza). Ngati izi zitachitika, pitani ku ETU nthawi yomweyo.
- Mankhwalawa si oyenera aliyense (makamaka omwe ali ndi ma valve a mtima), choncho onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala wanu mbiri yanu yonse yachipatala.
- Mukalandira chithandizo china chilichonse (ngakhale kuchotsa dzino), dziwitsani dokotala kuti mukumwa mankhwalawa.
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