Kodi mumadzuka m'mawa muli ndi ululu wolimba, wotupa, komanso wosapiririka m'malo olumikizirana mafupa? Kodi mafupa anu monga mawondo ndi zigongono zanu zimapweteka? Mwina dokotala wanu wakuuzani kuti muyambe mankhwala otchedwa 'DMARDs'. Kodi munachita mantha pang'ono mutamva dzina limenelo? Kodi munaganiza kuti, 'Ndi mankhwala amtundu wanji awa?'? Musadandaule. Lero, tikambirana za ma DMARD awa m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.
Kodi ma DMARD ndi chiyani mwachidule?
Tangoganizani kuti pali mlonda wanzeru kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Timatcha mlondayu kuti chitetezo chamthupi . Ntchito yake yayikulu ndi kutiteteza ku matenda polimbana ndi majeremusi omwe amayambitsa matenda (monga mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya) omwe amalowa m'thupi kuchokera kunja.
Koma nthawi zina, kawirikawiri, mlonda wathu uyu amapanga cholakwika chaching'ono. Amaganiza kuti maselo athanzi m'thupi lake, makamaka m'malo monga mafupa athu, ndi mdani ndipo amayamba kuwaukira. Zili ngati kuponya miyala kunyumba kwake. Timatcha vutoli kuti ndi matenda odziteteza ku matenda a autoimmune .
Apa ndi pomwe gulu la mankhwala otchedwa DMARDs limayambira. Ma DMARD amayimira 'Mankhwala Oletsa Matenda Ochepetsa Kupweteka kwa Thupi'. Dzinali lingamveke lalitali pang'ono, koma kwenikweni ndi losavuta. Chomwe mankhwalawa amachita ndikuchepetsa ndikulamulira chitetezo cha mthupi, chomwe chimagwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso ndikuukira thupi lake.
Pali maubwino angapo akuluakulu omwe mankhwalawa amapereka ku thupi lathu:
- Amachepetsa kutupa ndi kutupa m'malo olumikizirana mafupa.
- Zimakuthandizani kulamulira ululu womwe mukumva.
- Zimachedwetsa kufalikira kapena kuopsa kwa matendawa.
- Amachepetsa kapena amaletsa kuwonongeka kosatha kwa mafupa ndi mafupa.
- Zimakuthandizani kuti mafupa anu azigwira ntchito bwino komanso kuti azigwira ntchito zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku.
Kodi ma DMARD amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda ati?
Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala awa, otchedwa DMARD, makamaka kuti athetse kutupa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda odziteteza ku matenda a autoimmune. Nazi zitsanzo zingapo:
- Matenda a nyamakazi
- Matenda a ankylosing spondylitis
- Matenda a nyamakazi
- Lupus
- Matenda a nyamakazi a achinyamata
- Scleroderma
- Matenda a sclerosis ambiri
- Matenda a Sjögren
- Myositis
- Matenda a mitsempha ya m'magazi
- Matenda otupa m'matumbo - mwachitsanzo, matenda a Crohn
Kuphatikiza apo, ma DMARD angagwiritsidwenso ntchito pochiza mitundu ina ya khansa yosowa.
Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya DMARD ndi iti?
Ma DMARD amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu. Momwe amagwirira ntchito komanso momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito zimasiyana pang'ono.
| Mtundu wa DMARD | Kufotokozera kosavuta | Zitsanzo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri |
|---|---|---|
| Ma DMARD Achikhalidwe | Mankhwalawa amakhudza chitetezo chamthupi chonse, zomwe zimachepetsa ntchito yake. Mankhwala amtundu uwu nthawi zambiri amakhala oyamba kuyamba nawo. Nthawi zambiri amabwera ngati mapiritsi omwe amamwedwa pakamwa. |
|
| Zamoyo | Mankhwalawa ndi atsopano komanso apamwamba kwambiri. Ali ngati 'chida chotsogozedwa'. Amangoyang'ana ndi kuukira gawo linalake la maselo a chitetezo chamthupi omwe amayambitsa matendawa, popanda kukhudza dongosolo lonse. Nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa ngati njira yolowetsera m'mitsempha kapena ngati jakisoni wopangidwa pansi pa khungu. |
Dokotala wanu adzasankha mtundu uti mwa mitundu iwiriyi woti akupatseni, kapena ngati akupatseni zonse ziwiri, kutengera matenda anu, kuuma kwake, komanso chomwe chimagwira ntchito bwino m'thupi lanu.
Nkhani yomwe aliyense amaopa: Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse?
Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, mankhwala a DMARD angayambitse zotsatira zina zoyipa. Koma musachite mantha ndi mndandandawu. Si aliyense amene angapeze zotsatirapo zonsezi. Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani chithandizo m'njira yochepetsera chiopsezochi.
| Mtundu wa zotsatira zoyipa | Kufotokozera ndi zomwe muyenera kudziwa |
|---|---|
| Zotsatirapo zomwe zingakhalepo zomwe zimapezeka pa mitundu yonse ya DMARD | |
| Chiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda | Popeza mankhwalawa amaletsa chitetezo chamthupi, mutha kutenga matenda monga chimfine ndi fuluwenza mosavuta (chiwopsezo chake chimakhala chokwera pang'ono ndi mankhwala a biologics). Chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kupewa anthu odwala m'malo odzaza anthu. |
| Kuchepa kwa maselo amagazi | Maselo oyera m'magazi (leukopenia), maselo ofiira m'magazi (anemia), ndi ma platelet (thrombocytopenia) angachepe. Ichi ndichifukwa chake dokotala nthawi zambiri amachita mayeso a magazi. |
| Ma enzyme okwera a chiwindi | Ma DMARD ena amatha kukhudza chiwindi. Izi zimawunikidwanso kudzera mu mayeso a magazi. |
| Zotsatirapo zomwe zingakhalepo zokhudzana ndi mankhwala achikhalidwe a DMARD | |
| Mavuto a m'mimba | Kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya, nseru, kusanza, kupweteka m'mimba, ndi kutsegula m'mimba kungachitike. |
| Kutupa pakhungu | Anthu ena akhoza kuyamba kutupa pakhungu. |
| Zotsatirapo zomwe zingakhalepo zokhudzana ndi zamoyo | |
| Kubwereranso kwa matenda akale | Ngati mudadwalapo kale matenda monga chifuwa chachikulu, herpes, kapena chiwindi, mankhwalawa akhoza kuyambitsanso matendawa. Chifukwa chake, dokotala wanu adzafufuza izi asanayambe kumwa mankhwalawo. |
| Zochita pa malo obayira jakisoni | Pakhoza kukhala kufiira, kutupa, kapena kupweteka pamalo omwe jakisoniyo adayikidwa. |
Chofunika kwambiri ndi kudziwitsa dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati mukupeza zizindikiro zatsopano kapena zotsatirapo zake.
Kodi mankhwalawa amatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti agwire ntchito?
Funso ili ndi lofunika kwambiri. Mankhwala a DMARD si mankhwala omwe mumamwa mukangomwa, monga mankhwala ochepetsa ululu. Mankhwalawa amatenga nthawi kuti alowe m'thupi, azitha kulamulira chitetezo cha mthupi, komanso azitha kuwonetsa zotsatira zake.
- Ma DMARD achikhalidwe amatha kutenga mwezi umodzi kapena kuposerapo kuti agwire ntchito.
- Akatswiri a zamoyo nthawi zambiri amayamba kugwira ntchito mkati mwa milungu ingapo .
Musadandaule ngati ululu sutha nthawi yomweyo mukayamba kumwa mankhwalawa. Zimatenga nthawi kuti muwone zotsatira zake, choncho ndikofunikira kukhala oleza mtima. Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani mankhwala ena kuti akuthandizeni kuchepetsa ululu pakadali pano.
Ndiyenera kukaonananso ndi dokotala liti?
Mukayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a DMARD, dokotala wanu adzakuyang'anirani nthawi zonse. Choncho ndikofunikira kupita kuchipatala nthawi yake. Nthawi zambiri mudzakumana ndi zotsatirazi:
- Kuyezetsa magazi nthawi zonse: Mudzapemphedwa kuti muyeze magazi nthawi zonse kuti muwone ngati mankhwala akugwira ntchito bwino komanso ngati pali zotsatirapo zina (kuchuluka kwa maselo a magazi, kugwira ntchito kwa chiwindi).
- Kufufuza matenda: Mudzayesedwa nthawi zonse ngati muli ndi matenda, makamaka ngati mukumwa mankhwala a biologic.
- Mayeso monga X-ray: Mayeso monga X-ray angachitike nthawi ndi nthawi kuti aone ngati mafupa awonongeka.
Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zina zatsopano, mukumva ngati mankhwalawo sakugwira ntchito, kapena ngati zizindikiro zanu zikuipiraipira, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo, osadikira nthawi yotsatira yokumana ndi dokotala.
Ngakhale kuti mankhwala a DMARD angamveke ngati mankhwala oopsa komanso ovuta, angathandize kuwongolera matenda anu, kupewa kuwonongeka kwa mafupa, komanso kukuthandizani kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino. Dokotala wanu adzakusankhirani mankhwala oyenera. Choncho musaope kufunsa dokotala wanu mafunso aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Mankhwala a DMARD si ochepetsa ululu. Ndi mankhwala omwe amalamulira chitetezo chamthupi chomwe chimayambitsa matenda anu.
- Mankhwalawa amatha kutenga milungu ingapo kapena mwezi umodzi kuti agwire ntchito, choncho kuleza mtima n'kofunika kwambiri.
- Ngakhale kuti zotsatirapo zake zingatheke, dokotala wanu adzakuyang'anirani mosamala ndi mayeso a magazi nthawi zonse.
- Musasiye kumwa mankhwala kapena kusintha mlingo popanda upangiri wa dokotala.
- Ngati mukupeza zizindikiro zachilendo (malungo, chifuwa, matenda ena), dziwitsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
- Ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, ma DMARD amatha kusintha kwambiri moyo wanu.
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