Kodi nthawi zina mumasokonezeka mukamalankhula? Kapena zimakuvutani kunena zomwe mukufuna kunena momveka bwino? Mwina mawu anu amasintha, amamveka ngati chibwibwi, kapena amamveka ngati mukulankhula pang'onopang'ono kwa ena? Ngati mwakumanapo ndi zinthu izi, chifukwa chake chingakhale matenda otchedwa dysarthria. Tiyeni tikambirane izi m'mawu osavuta komanso atsatanetsatane.
kumanzere;"> Kodi Dysarthria ndi chiyani? Tiyeni timvetse mosavuta!Mwachidule, Dysarthria
ndi vuto la kulankhula lomwe limakhudza luso lathu lolankhula, kutanthauza kufooka polamulira minofu yofunikira kuti tilankhule. Taganizirani izi, tikamalankhula, lilime lathu, milomo, nsagwada, ndi mawu a pakhosi (`(Larynx)`), zonsezi ziyenera kugwira ntchito limodzi, sichoncho? kumanzere;"> Munthu amene ali ndi dysarthria sangathe kulamulira minofu iyi bwino. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo lathu la mitsempha (`(dongosolo la mitsempha)`).Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti munthu amene ali ndi dysarthria amvetse chilankhulo. Amadziwa zomwe anganene komanso momwe anganenere. Komabe, chifukwa cha kufooka kwa minofu, zimakhala zovuta kutchula mawu momveka bwino ndikulankhula mwanjira yomwe ena angamvetse. Zili ngati mukufuna kuimba nyimbo bwino kwambiri, koma pakhosi panu sipali bwino, simungathe kuimba bwino.
Dysarthria ikhoza kubwera m'njira ziwiri zazikulu:
1. Dysarthria ya chitukuko: Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ubongo panthawi ya mimba kapena pobadwa. Mwachitsanzo, vutoli limatha kuchitika mwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda a ubongo . Nthawi zambiri limakhudza ana aang'ono.
2. Matenda a dysarthria omwe amayambitsidwa ndi matendawa: Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ubongo pambuyo pake. Mwachitsanzo, matenda monga sitiroko , chotupa cha muubongo, kapena matenda a Parkinson angayambitse dysarthria. Izi zimachitika kwambiri kwa akuluakulu. Kodi
mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya dysarthria ndi iti? Dysarthria ikhozakugawidwa m'mitundu ingapo kutengera gawo la dongosolo lathu la mitsempha lomwe lawonongeka. Tikamalankhula za dongosolo lathu la mitsempha, limaphatikizapo ziwalo zazikulu monga ubongo ndi msana (Central Nervous System) komanso netiweki ya mitsempha yomwe imafalikira m'thupi lonse (Peripheral Nervous System).
Nazi zina mwa mitundu yayikulu:
- Flaccid dysarthria: Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ma neuron otsika, omwe ndi gawo la dongosolo lathu la mitsempha. Mu mtundu uwu, kulankhula kungamveke ngati mukupuma kwambiri, ngati kuti mukulankhula kudzera mu mphuno yanu (mawu a mphuno). Mawu anu angamvenso ofooka.
- Spastic dysarthria:
Dysarthria imapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ena amitsempha. Mwachitsanzo:
- ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - ALS) imakhudza anthu pafupifupi 30%.
- Multiple Sclerosis (MS) imakhudza anthu 25% mpaka 50% nthawi ina m'miyoyo yawo.
- Matenda a Parkinson amakhudza anthu ambiri.
- Stroke imakhudza anthu 8% mpaka 60%.
- Kuvulala kwa Ubongo Koopsa kumakhudza anthu 10% mpaka 65%.
Ziwerengerozi zikusonyeza kuti ngakhale kuti mawu awa ndi atsopano, amatha kukhudza anthu ambiri.
left;"> Dysarthria Kodi zizindikiro za dysarthria ndi ziti?Chizindikiro chachikulu ndichakuti zimakhala zovuta kwa ena kumvetsetsa zomwe mukunena. Izi zili choncho chifukwa simungathe kulamulira milomo yanu, lilime, ndi nsagwada bwino kuti mulankhule momveka bwino.
Zizindikiro zina zingaphatikizepo:
- Kusalankhula bwino kapena kumva ngati mukuchita chibwibwi .
- Kulankhula mofulumira kapena pang'onopang'ono kuposa momwe mukuganizira
- .
Kufooka kumeneku pakulamulira minofu nthawi zina kungayambitse vuto la kumeza (dysphagia) . Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe muyenera kusamala nacho kwambiri.
kumanzere;"> Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa dysarthria?Monga tafotokozera kale, kumanzere;"> dysarthria imachitika pamene kuwonongeka kwachitika m’zigawo za mitsempha zomwe zimalamulira minofu yomwe imatithandiza kulankhula. Izi zikuphatikizapo minofu ya pankhope ndi pakhosi pathu, komanso minofu yomwe imatithandiza kupuma. Kuvulala, matenda, ndi matenda a mitsempha ya mitsempha zimatha kuyambitsa izi.
Zina mwa zifukwa zofala kwambiri ndi izi:
- ALS. (ALS kapena matenda a Lou Gehrig)
- Ziphuphu za muubongo
- Cerebral Palsy
- Dementia (mavuto okumbukira)
- Matenda a Huntington Matenda a Lyme (matenda obadwa ndi nkhupakupa
- )
- Multiple sclerosis (MS)
- Muscular dystrophy
- Myasthenia gravis (matenda ofooka a minofu)
- Matenda a Parkinson
- Stroke
- Kuvulala kwa Ubongo Koopsa Kuvulala
- pankhope kapena pakamwa panu.
- Kuvulala pamutu panu, pakhosi, lilime, kapena pazingwe zoimbira mawu.
Nthawi zina, mankhwala ena (monga mankhwala oletsa kutopa, mankhwala oletsa kugwidwa ndi khunyu) angayambitse zizindikiro monga dysarthria ngati zotsatira zoyipa.
Kodi mavuto a dysarthria ndi otani?Kulephera kulankhula kungayambitse mavuto osiyanasiyana m'gulu. Mukavutika kumvetsa zomwe ena akunena, zingakhudze ntchito yanu, ntchito yanu ya kusukulu, komanso ubale wanu ndi anthu ena. Kupsinjika maganizo komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha izi kungayambitse mavuto amisala, monga kuvutika maganizo .
Kodi dysarthria imapezedwa bwanji?Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kupeza chithandizo kuti chikuthandizeni kulankhula ndikusunga ubale wabwino womwe muli nawo ndi ena.
Dokotala wanu adzakufunsani za mbiri yanu yachipatala ndikukuyesani thupi. Kenako, katswiri wa matenda a chilankhulo (SLP)
Mudzayesedwa kuti mudziwe kuopsa kwa dysarthria yanu. Iye adzayang'ana kupuma kwanu, mtundu wa mawu anu, komanso luso lanu losuntha milomo yanu, lilime, ndi minofu ya nkhope.Iye angakufunseni kuti muchite zinthu monga:
- Tulutsani lilime lanu.
- Mwetulirani, mukugwira milomo yanu, munyambite milomo yanu.
- Werengani kuyambira pa chimodzi mpaka khumi, kapena nenani zilembo.
- Werengani ndime.
- Bwerezani mawu, mawu, ndi ziganizo, ndikuchita zokambirana wamba. Ndi
mayeso ena ati omwe angafunike kuti mupeze dysarthria?
Mayeso ena angaphatikizepo:
- Kujambula kwa MRI kapena CT kwa ubongo wanu, mutu, ndi khosi - awa amafufuza zolakwika zomwe zingakhudze luso lanu lolankhula.
- Mayeso a EEG (Electroencephalogram) - kuti aone zolakwika mu ntchito ya ubongo yogwirizana ndi dysarthria.
- Mayeso a EMG (Electromyography) - kuti aone momwe minofu ndi mitsempha yanu imagwirira ntchito zamagetsi.
- Mayeso a magazi kapena mkodzo - kuti aone ngati pali matenda kapena kutupa komwe kumayambitsa mavuto olankhula.
- Kupopera kwa msana (kuphulika kwa lumbar) - kuti aone ngati pali matenda kapena chotupa chomwe chimayambitsa dysphagia.
Nthawi zina dysphagia imayenderana ndi vuto la kumeza (dysphagia), kotero dokotala wanu angalamulenso kuti aphunzire kumeza barium kapena kumeza videofluoroscopic (VFSS) .
left;"> Kodi mankhwala a dysarthria ndi otani?Anthu omwe ali ndi dysarthria angapindule kwambiri ndi kulankhula bwino kuti apititse patsogolo luso lawo lolankhulana. Katswiri wa matenda a kulankhula ndi chilankhulo (SLP) akhoza kulankhula ndi banja lanu ndikuwaphunzitsa momwe angalankhulire bwino nanu.
Pa nthawi ya kulankhula, mungaphunzire zinthu monga:
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti mulimbikitse minofu m'lilime lanu, milomo, ndi nsagwada.
- Njira zolankhulira mokweza (monga, kupuma mozama musanalankhule).
- Njira zolankhulira momveka bwino (monga, kuchepetsa kulankhula kwanu, kugwiritsa ntchito minofu inayake kuti mutchule mawu ndi mawu).
- Njira zolankhulirana zopanda mawu (monga, kusonyeza manja, kulemba).
Ngati kumanzere kwanu;"> dysarthria ndi koopsa, mungafunike chipangizo cholankhulirana ndi ena. Izi zitha kuphatikizapo bolodi lokhala ndi zilembo kapena zithunzi, kapena kompyuta yapadera yokhala ndi kiyibodi ndi sikirini yomwe imawonetsa mauthenga.
left;"> Kodi dysarthria ingapewedwe?Sizifukwa zonse zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a dysarthria zomwe zingapewedwe. Komabe, mutha kuchitapo kanthu kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha zifukwa zina (monga kuvulala, sitiroko). Mwachitsanzo, kudya zakudya zabwino kungathandize kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda omwe amawonjezera chiopsezo chanu cha sitiroko, monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a shuga, ndi matenda a mitsempha ya mtima. kumanzere;"> Kodi dysarthria ingachiritsidwe kwathunthu?Zimatengera chomwe chikuyambitsa dysarthria yanu yakumanzere;">. Ngati yayamba chifukwa cha zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala, vutoli nthawi zambiri limatha mankhwalawo akasiya. Komabe, dysarthria yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha vuto la mitsempha ya m'mitsempha kwa nthawi yayitali (`(vuto la neuromuscular condition)`), ziwalo, kapena kuvulala sikungabwezeretsedwe. Komabe, chithandizo cha kulankhula chingakuthandizeni kwambiri kulankhulana.
Chithandizo cha kulankhula chimakuthandizani kugwiritsa ntchito minofu yanu yolankhula bwino komanso kukuphunzitsani njira zolankhulirana popanda mawu.
left;"> Kodi ndi malangizo ati olankhulira ngati munthu amene ali ndi dysarthria?Ngati mwasiya;"> dysarthria, malangizo awa angakuthandizeni:
- Fotokozani mutuwo poyamba. Patsani omvera lingaliro la zomwe mukunena poyamba. Mwachitsanzo, musanalankhule za kanema yemwe mukufuna kuonera, yambani ndi kunena "kanemayo."
- Lankhulani pang'onopang'ono komanso moyenerera. Kutchula mawu momveka bwino komanso pang'onopang'ono kumathandiza omvera kumvetsetsa. Kulankhula m'ziganizo zazifupi ndi kupuma pafupipafupi kumapatsa omvera nthawi yomvetsetsa zomwe mukunena.
- Pewani kulankhula mukatopa. left;"> Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi dysarthria amavutika kulankhula akatopa.
- Onetsetsani kuti anthu omwe akumvetsera akumvetsa zomwe mukunena. Ndi bwino kufunsa anthu omwe akumvetsera pakati panu. Izi zikuthandizani kupewa kubwereza zomwe mwanena.
- Gwiritsani ntchito njira zolankhulirana zopanda mawu ngati pakufunika kutero. Ngati kulankhula kukutopetsa kwambiri, uzani munthu amene mukulankhula naye, lembani, jambulani, kapena muyimitse kukambirana. Ndi
malangizo ati omwe ena angagwiritse ntchito akamalankhula nane?
Katswiri wa matenda a kulankhula ndi chilankhulo (SLP) angakupatseni malangizo othandiza ena kulankhula nanu. Mwachitsanzo, wokondedwa wanu angachite izi:
- Kuchepetsa zosokoneza/phokoso (monga, kuzimitsa wailesi, TV).
- Mvetserani mosamala mukamalankhula.
- Lankhulani nokha pamalo chete, owala bwino .
- Kukuthandizani kulankhulana
Ngati mukuvutika kulankhula, onani dokotala wanu. Ngati mukupuma movutikira, mukutsokomola kosalekeza, kapena mukudwala chibayo, funani thandizo lachipatala mwachangu.
Kodi ndiyenera kupita liti ku chipinda chadzidzidzi (ETU) ?
Zina mwa zifukwa za dysarthria, monga sitiroko, zimafuna chithandizo chadzidzidzi. Ngati wina akuwonetsa zizindikiro za kufooka kwa ziwalo, mutengereni ku chipinda chadzidzidzi nthawi yomweyo.
Zizindikiro za kufooka kwa ziwalo ndi izi:
- Kufooka kapena kugwa mbali imodzi ya nkhope.
- Kulephera kukweza manja onse awiri .
- Kusokonezeka ndi kusakhazikika .
- Kutaya mphamvu .
- Kulankhula molakwika/kugwedezeka .
Mungafunse mafunso monga:
- Nchiyani chimayambitsa kumanzere kwanga;"> dysarthria?
- Ndi mankhwala ati omwe alipo?
- Ndingawongolere bwanji luso langa lolankhula?
- Ndi zotsatira zotani zomwe ndingayembekezere kuchokera ku chithandizo cha kulankhula?
- Kodi ndikufunika kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo cholankhulirana?
Aphasia ndi vuto lomwe limapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kumvetsetsa zomwe ena akunena kapena kufotokoza maganizo a munthu. Si vuto ndi minofu yolankhula monga dysarthria. Mu aphasia, malo olankhula a ubongo amakhudzidwa.
left;"> Kodi kusiyana kotani pakati pa dysarthria ndi apraxia?Apraxia ndi mtundu wina wa vuto la kulankhula. Anthu omwe ali ndi apraxia amakhala ndi minofu yogwira ntchito bwino, koma amavutika kupanga mayendedwe odzifunira omwe amafanana ndi kulankhula. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, uthenga wochokera ku ubongo kupita ku minofu wowauza kuti "ayende uku ndi uku" sudutsa bwino. Vuto ndi kukonzekera momwe angatchulire mawuwo.
left;"> Kodi kusiyana kotani pakati pa dysarthria ndi dysphagia?Monga dysarthria, dysphagia imakhudzanso mavuto olamulira minofu. Koma left;"> Dysarthria ndi vuto lolankhula, pomwe dysphagia ndi vuto lomeza chakudya . Nthawi zina dysphagia imasiyidwa;">
Dysarthria ingakhalenso chizindikiro.Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)
Ngati mukuvutika kulankhulana ndi ena chifukwa cha dysarthria, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za vutoli. Dokotala wanu angakutumizireni ku chithandizo cha kulankhula. Akatswiri a kulankhula ndi zilankhulo (SLPs) angaphunzitsenso anzanu ndi abale anu momwe angalankhulire bwino nanu. Kumbukirani, ngakhale kufooka kwa minofu yanu kukupangitsani kukhala kovuta kulankhula, ndi chithandizo choyenera ndi chithandizo, mutha kusunga ubale wanu wamtengo wapatali. Musachite mantha, pemphani thandizo.
Kusagona mokwanira, mavuto olankhula, mavuto olankhula, dongosolo lamanjenje, kuwonongeka kwa ubongo, chithandizo cha kulankhula, chibwibwi, kulankhula mopanda nzeru
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