Kodi minofu yanu imalimba mosalamulirika? Tiyeni tiphunzire za (Dystonia) iyi!

Kodi munayamba mwaonapo, kapena kuonapo, kuti minofu yanu imalimba mwadzidzidzi, imagwedezeka, kapena imakakamira pamalo amodzi? Nthawi zina izi zimakhala zosasangalatsa komanso zopweteka. Timatcha vutoli kuti "Dystonia." Ngakhale kuti lingawoneke ngati vuto la minofu, vutoli kwenikweni lili mu ubongo wathu kapena dongosolo lathu la mitsempha. Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mwatsatanetsatane, sichoncho?

Kodi Dystonia ndi chiyani kwenikweni?

Mwachidule, dystonia ndi matenda a mitsempha. Imadziwika ndi kugwedezeka kwa minofu kosafunikira komwe kumachitika popanda kulamulira kapena kuyesetsa kwanu. Mawu akuti "dystonia" amachokera ku mawu achilatini akuti "dys" (yolakwika/yolakwika) ndi mawu achigiriki akuti "tonos" (kugwedezeka kwa minofu). Zimatanthauza kuti minofu ikugwedezeka molakwika, molakwika.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa dystonia ndi dyskinesia?

Ngakhale kuti mawu awiriwa akuoneka ofanana pang'ono, pali kusiyana pang'ono.

• Dyskinesia: Ili ndi liwu lachi Greek. "Kinesia" limatanthauza "kuyenda." Dyskinesia limatanthauza kuyenda komwe kumachitika molakwika, komwe sikuyenera kuchitika. Izi ndi kuyenda kosadzifunira , ndiko kuti, kuyenda kwa minofu komwe kumachitika popanda kulamulira kwanu.
• Dystonia: Uwu ndi mtundu wa dyskinesia. Mu dystonia, minofu imakhala yolimba kwa nthawi yayitali . Kutengera ndi gawo liti la thupi lomwe lakhudzidwa, mungawoneke kuti muli m'malo osiyanasiyana.

Ndani angadwale dystonia?

Kutengera ndi chomwe chimayambitsa dystonia, chingakhudze aliyense. Zina mwa zifukwa zake zimakhala za zaka, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zingakukhudzeni pobadwa kapena muli mwana. Zina zingakukhudzeni mtsogolo.

Ngakhale kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti anthu pafupifupi 300,000 ku United States kokha ali ndi dystonia, akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti chiwerengero chenichenicho chikhoza kukhala chokwera kwambiri. Popeza dystonia imabwera m'njira zosiyanasiyana, nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kuzindikira molondola.

Kodi dystonia imakhudza bwanji thupi langa?

Dystonia ndi matenda a muubongo omwe amakhudza momwe ubongo wanu umalamulira minofu ya thupi lanu. Amatha kukhudza minofu yosiyanasiyana kapena magulu a minofu m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Momwe izi zimachitikira komanso chifukwa chake sichikudziwikabe.

Zizindikiro za dystonia zimatha kukulirakulira mukatopa, mukamavutika maganizo, kapena ngati mumwa zinthu monga caffeine kapena mowa.

Mitundu ina ya dystonia imayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini kapena zinthu zomwe zimasokoneza magwiridwe antchito a ziwalo zina za ubongo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti maselo okhudzidwawo asagwire bwino ntchito. Kenako zizindikiro zolakwika zimapita ku minofu, zomwe zimayambitsa dystonia.

Dystonia ingayambitsidwenso ndi kuvulala kapena matenda ena omwe amasokoneza ntchito ya ubongo. Zina mwa matendawa zimatha kuzindikirika kudzera mu kujambula zithunzi, koma nthawi zina dystonia imatha kuchitika popanda chifukwa chodziwika.

Kodi zizindikiro za dystonia ndi ziti?

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha dystonia nthawi zambiri chimakhala mayendedwe a minofu osadzifunira . Mayendedwe awa nthawi zambiri:

• Ndi zosasangalatsa, nthawi zina zimakhala zopweteka, ndipo zimatha kumveka ngati kugwedezeka ndi magetsi.
• Kubwerezabwereza (makamaka ndi kugwedezeka).
• Nthawi imatha kusiyana. Zina zimatha kwa masekondi kapena mphindi kenako nkuzimiririka. Zina zimatha kwa miyezi ingapo.
• Zimatengera chibadwa chopotoka ndi kukoka. Izi zingapangitse munthu kuoneka ngati ali pamalo achilendo.
• Minofu yomwe yakhudzidwa imatha kukhala yoopsa kwambiri ikagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zizindikiro zimatha kusiyana pang'ono kutengera komwe dystonia imakhudza m'thupi. Pali njira zazikulu zisanu zomwe zizindikiro zimachitikira:

• Focal dystonia
• Dystonia ya gawo
• Dystonia ya Multifocal
• Hemidystonia `(Hemidystonia)`
• Dystonia yodziwika bwino

Tiyeni tiwone chilichonse mwa izi padera.

Focal dystonia

Apa ndi pamene gawo limodzi lokha la thupi lanu limakhudzidwa. Akatswiri amati vutoli ndi lofala kwambiri kuwirikiza kakhumi kuposa ena. Lingathe kuchitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kutengera gawo la thupi lomwe lakhudzidwa:

• Zikope: Kutupa kwa maso. Izi zitha kukhala zoopsa kwambiri moti anthu ena amakakamizidwa kutseka maso awo.
• Nsagwada: Kupukuta mano (Bruxism).
• Dzanja kapena dzanja: Kugwedezeka kwa minofu kapena kukakamira. Izi zimatchedwanso "kupweteka kwa wolemba" kapena "kupweteka kwa woimba." Osewera gofu ndi osewera cricket amatcha "kugwedezeka." Tangoganizirani dzanja lanu likulimba ndipo silingathe kulemba, kapena zala zanu zikulephera kulamulira mukamasewera chinthu ngati vayolini.

Dystonia ya gawo

Izi zimachitika pamene ziwalo ziwiri kapena zingapo za thupi zomwe zili pafupi zimakhudzidwa. Mwachitsanzo, ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za nkhope, mutu ndi khosi, kapena mkono ndi mkono wapamwamba. Chitsanzo chabwino cha izi ndi cervical dystonia . Izi zimakhudza minofu ya mutu ndi khosi. Chitsanzo china ndi Meige syndrome . Izi zimakhudza ziwalo zingapo za nkhope.

Dystonia ya Multifocal

Izi zimakhudza ziwalo ziwiri kapena zingapo zosagwirizana za thupi . Mwachitsanzo, dystonia imakhudza manja onse awiri.Ichi ndi chitsanzo cha vuto lomwe limakhudza ziwalo zingapo zosagwirizana za thupi.

Hemidystonia `(Hemidystonia)`

Mawu akuti "hemi" amachokera ku liwu lachigiriki lotanthauza "theka." Izi zikutanthauza kuti mbali imodzi yokha ya thupi lanu (kaya kumanja kapena kumanzere) imakhudzidwa. Ganizirani za minofu yomwe ili m'dzanja lanu lamanja kapena mbali yakumanja ya nkhope yanu ikuyenda mosalamulirika. Stroke ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha hemidystonia.

Dystonia yodziwika bwino

Izi zingakhudze miyendo ndi thunthu lanu (gawo lalikulu la thupi lanu lomwe limalumikiza manja, miyendo, ndi mutu wanu) kapena thupi lanu lonse . Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika dystonia ikayamba kufalikira. Pamene focal dystonia ikhala generalized dystonia, zizindikiro zimafalikira kuchokera ku miyendo kupita ku thunthu.

Kodi ndi chifukwa chiyani dystonia imayamba?

Dystonia imayamba chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa momwe ubongo wanu umagwirira ntchito. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhudza gawo la ubongo lotchedwa `Basal Ganglia` . Ili ndi gulu la kapangidwe ka ubongo komwe kamalumikiza magawo osiyanasiyana a ubongo ndikugwirizanitsa momwe magawo amenewo amagwirira ntchito limodzi.

Akatswiri amagawa zomwe zimayambitsa dystonia m'magulu atatu akuluakulu:

• Dystonia yoyamba: Dystonia ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha izi. Nthawi zambiri imakhala yosadziwika bwino, kutanthauza kuti palibe chifukwa chomwe chingapezeke. Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti pakhoza kukhalanso gawo la majini, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti likhoza kuchitika m'mabanja.
• Dystonia yachiwiri: Pankhaniyi, dystonia ndi chizindikiro cha matenda ena kapena vuto lina.
• Matenda a "Dystonia plus": Awa ndi matenda a mitsempha. Ngakhale kuti dystonia ndiye chizindikiro chachikulu, palinso zizindikiro zina.

Zifukwa zomwe zingayambitse dystonia yachiwiri

Izi zitha kuchitika pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana:

• Zotupa za muubongo
• Matenda ena a ubongo (monga khunyu, Parkinsonism, matenda a Parkinson)
• Kuchepa kwa mpweya m'bongo (makamaka kwa makanda obadwa kumene omwe alibe mpweya wokwanira panthawi yobadwa)
• Mankhwala (olembedwa ndi dokotala kapena osaloledwa)
• Matenda a majini (monga matenda a Wilson, matenda a Huntington)
• Matenda (monga encephalitis)
• Matenda a kagayidwe kachakudya
• Stroke
• Zinthu zoopsa (monga poizoni wa carbon monoxide, poizoni wa manganese)
• Kuvulala kwa ubongo koopsa

Dystonia si matenda opatsirana. Simungathe kuwatenga kuchokera kwa anthu ena, komanso simungathe kuwafalitsa kwa ena.

Kodi dystonia imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Dokotala, nthawi zambiri katswiri wa mitsempha, amatha kuzindikira dystonia kutengera zizindikiro zanu, mayeso a mitsempha, ndi mayeso osiyanasiyana azachipatala. Dystonia nthawi zina imakhala yovuta kuzindikira chifukwa zizindikirozi zimatha kuyambitsidwa ndi matenda ena ambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuchotsa matenda ena, chifukwa ena mwa iwo amatha kukhala ngozi zachipatala.

Kodi ndi mayeso ati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira dystonia?

Mayeso osiyanasiyana a labotale, diagnostic, ndi ``imaging`` angachitike kuti aone ngati dystonia ili ndi vuto. Mayeso omwe nthawi zambiri amalamulidwa amadalira zizindikiro zanu komanso matenda omwe dokotala wanu akukayikira. Nazi zina mwa mayeso omwe angachitike:

• Kuyezetsa magazi: Izi zimatha kuzindikira zinthu zambiri, monga mavuto a chitetezo chamthupi ndi poizoni (makamaka zitsulo monga mkuwa ndi manganese).
• Kujambula kwa CT (Computerized tomography scan)
• EEG (Electroencephalogram): Kuyesa komwe kumayesa ntchito yamagetsi ya ubongo.
• EMG (Electromyogram): Mayeso owunikira momwe zizindikiro zimayendera kudzera m'mitsempha.
• Kuyesa majini
• Kujambula kwa MRI (MRI - Kujambula kwa maginito)
• Kujambula kwa PET (Positron emission tomography scan)
• Kuponda msana / Kuboola msana

Kuonjezera pa izi, mayeso ena angachitike. Chifukwa chake, ndi bwino kufunsa dokotala wanu mayeso oyenera matenda anu. Kenako mutha kupeza chidziwitso cholondola kwambiri chomwe chikugwirizana ndi matenda anu.

Kodi dystonia imachiritsidwa bwanji? Kodi imatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu?

Palibe mankhwala a dystonia, koma amatha kuchiritsidwa . Mankhwala ambiri amadalira chomwe chayambitsa vutoli komanso zizindikiro zomwe muli nazo. Dokotala wanu adzakuthandizani kusankha njira zabwino zochiritsira.

Dokotala wanu angakuuzeni kuti mupewe caffeine ndi mowa, chifukwa izi zingapangitse kuti zizindikiro za dystonia zikhale zovuta kwambiri kwa anthu ena.

Ndi mankhwala kapena chithandizo chamtundu wanji chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito?

Chithandizo cha dystonia chimadalira chomwe chimayambitsa komanso zizindikiro zanu. Mankhwala ofala kwambiri ndi awa:

• Kulimbikitsa ubongo mozama (DBS): Iyi ndi njira yochitira opaleshoni. Ma electrode amaikidwa mu ubongo wanu. Ma electrode awa amapereka mphamvu yamagetsi yofewa ku gawo linalake la ubongo wanu. Izi zingathandize ndi zizindikiro za dystonia. Iyi ndi njira yochitira opaleshoni yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso yothandiza kwambiri pa dystonia.
• Mankhwala:Kutengera ndi chomwe chimayambitsa dystonia, imatha kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala. Mankhwala (amodzi kapena angapo) omwe aperekedwa adzadalira zizindikiro ndi chomwe chimayambitsa dystonia (ngati chilipo).
• Jakisoni wa poizoni wa botulinum: Poizoni wa botulinum - wodziwika ndi ambiri ndi dzina lodziwika bwino la Botox® - ukalowetsedwa m'malo oyenera ukhoza kuletsa zizindikiro za mitsempha kwa milungu ingapo, nthawi zina miyezi. Izi zimaletsa zizindikiro zomwe zimayambitsa dystonia kufika m'minofu. Ichi ndi chithandizo chabwino cha focal dystonia ndi zizindikiro zina za segmental dystonia.
• Kuchiza thupi, ntchito, ndi kulankhula: Pamene dystonia imayamba chifukwa cha matenda akanthawi, njira zimenezi zingathandize munthu kuzolowera kapena kuchira matenda a dystonia.

Mavuto ndi zotsatirapo zake zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha chithandizo zimadalira zinthu zingapo, monga njira yochizira. Dokotala wanu akhoza kuwunika momwe mulili ndikukufotokozerani zomwe mungayembekezere.

Kodi ndingadzisamalire bwanji ndikusamalira zizindikiro zanga?

Dystonia ndi vuto la mitsempha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti simungathe kuzindikira ndi kuchiza nokha. Dystonia ingathenso kugwirizanitsidwa ndi matenda aakulu omwe angawopseze moyo, choncho ndikofunikira kuonana ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo .

Nthawi yomwe imatenga kuti mumve bwino ndikuchira mutalandira chithandizo imadalira zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo chifukwa chake dystonia yanu idayamba, kuopsa kwake, chithandizo chomwe mudalandira, komanso matenda ena omwe muli nawo. Dokotala wanu angakuuzeni nthawi yeniyeni yomwe ingatenge kuti mumve bwino ndikuchira.

Kodi chiyembekezo cha dystonia ndi chiyani? Kodi ndingayembekezere chiyani ndikakhala nayo?

Chiyembekezo cha dystonia chimadalira zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo chomwe chimayambitsa, msinkhu womwe mumadwala, komwe zizindikiro zimachitika m'thupi, mbiri yanu yaumoyo, ndi chithandizo chomwe mumalandira. Dokotala wanu angakuuzeni bwino za momwe matenda anu adzakhalire.

• Mawonekedwe a primary dystonia: Kawirikawiri, ngati primary dystonia imayamba msanga, mawonekedwe ake sangakhale abwino. Izi zili choncho chifukwa primary dystonia imatha kuyambira pa focal (m'dera limodzi) mpaka pa generalized (thupi lonse). Mukakhala ndi vutoli msanga, m'pamenenso limatha kufalikira. Mawonekedwe a focal dystonia ndi abwino chifukwa amakhudza gawo lochepa la thupi.
• Mawonekedwe a dystonia yachiwiri: Izi zimadalira kwambiri vuto lomwe lilipo. Ngati vuto lomwe lilipo likuchiritsidwa komanso kuchira, ndiye kuti matendawa amakhala abwino. Komabe, ngati layamba chifukwa cha vuto lalikulu, ndiye kuti matendawa sali abwino kwenikweni. Komabe, pali nthawi zina pamene dystonia imatha kuchiritsidwa ngakhale kuti pali matenda enaake osatha.

Matenda a dystonia akayamba, amakhala vuto la moyo wonse. Angathe kuchiritsidwa, koma sangachiritsidwe kwathunthu, ndipo sadzatha okha .

Matenda a Secondary dystonia amatha kukhala vuto la kanthawi kochepa. Zimatengera chomwe chimayambitsa. Nthawi zambiri amatha kuchitika ndi zinthu monga matenda, kuvulala, ndi mankhwala ena.

Kodi ndingachepetse bwanji chiopsezo cha dystonia, kapena kupeweratu?

Dystonia imachitika mwadzidzidzi, kotero simungathe kuiletsa. Simungachepetse chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi dystonia yoyamba. Ikhoza kutengera kwa makolo kapena ingayambitse popanda chifukwa chomveka.

Komabe, mungathe kupewa kapena kuchepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi zina mwa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa dystonia yachiwiri . Nazi zina zomwe mungachite:

• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso kukhala ndi thupi labwino. Matenda ambiri okhudzana ndi kayendedwe ka magazi ndi thanzi la mtima, makamaka sitiroko, amatha kuwononga madera ena a ubongo wanu ndikuyambitsa dystonia.
• Musanyalanyaze matenda. Matenda a m'maso ndi m'makutu ayenera kuchiritsidwa mwachangu. Ngati matendawa afalikira ku ubongo, akhoza kukhala oopsa kwambiri. Matendawa angayambitse kutupa kwa ubongo (encephalitis), zomwe zingayambitse dystonia.
• Valani zida zodzitetezera. Kuvulala muubongo komwe kumawononga ubongo wanu kungayambitse dystonia.
• Sinthani thanzi lanu. Matenda a nthawi yayitali monga matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi khunyu angayambitse kapena kuyambitsa matenda ena omwe angayambitse dystonia.

Kodi ndingadzisamalire bwanji?

Ngati muli ndi dystonia, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe mungachite kuti mudzisamalire nokha:

• Pewani kumwa khofi ndi mowa pokhapokha ngati dokotala wanu akulangizani. Izi zitha kukulitsa zizindikiro za dystonia.
• Sinthani kupsinjika kwanu. Nkhawa ndi kupsinjika maganizo zingapangitse dystonia kukhala yoipa kwambiri. Mutha kuchepetsa chiopsezochi pochita zinthu monga kusinkhasinkha, maphunziro opumula, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Pewani zochita zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizindikiro zanu zikhale zovuta kwambiri. Mitundu ina ya dystonia imachitika nthawi zina. Kupewa nthawi zimenezo, ngati n'kotheka, kungathandize kuchepetsa kuopsa kwa zizindikiro zanu.
• Phunzirani momwe mungasamalire vuto lanu.Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya dystonia imatha kuthandizidwa ndi "machenjerero okhudza kumva." Mawu ofunikira pa izi ndi "geste antagoniste" (mawu achifalansa otanthauza "mawonekedwe osiyana"). Mitundu iyi ya magonedwe imatha kusintha kwakanthawi zizindikiro za dystonia. Koma akatswiri sakudziwa chifukwa chake izi zimachitika. Mwachitsanzo, kukhudza chibwano kapena mbali ya nkhope kungathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro za dystonia ya m'chiberekero (vuto lomwe limakhudza minofu ya pakhosi). Dokotala wanu angaone ngati mukuchitapo kanthu pa magonedwe amtunduwu ndikukuphunzitsani momwe mungawagwiritsire ntchito.
• Imwani mankhwala anu moyenera. Ngati mukumwa mankhwala a dystonia, imwani monga mwalangizidwira. Kusiya kumwa mankhwala mwadzidzidzi kungapangitse kuti zizindikiro za dystonia ziwonjezeke kapena kuyambitsa zotsatira zina zoyipa.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti? Kodi ndiyenera kupita kuchipatala liti?

Ngati muli ndi dystonia, muyenera kupita kuchipatala motsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu. Onani dokotala wanu ngati zizindikiro zanu zasintha kapena zikuipiraipira, makamaka ngati zikusokoneza moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku. Komanso, onani dokotala wanu ngati mankhwala kapena mankhwala ena sakugwira ntchito, kapena ngati muli ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa zomwe simungazipirire kapena zosokoneza.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Pangozi (ETU) liti?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zilizonse zomwe zingasonyeze kuti muli ndi sitiroko, muyenera kupita ku chipinda chothandizira anthu ovulala mwadzidzidzi. Kumbukirani kuyimbira foni 1990 (ambulansi yadzidzidzi ya ku Sri Lanka) kuti mudziwe zizindikiro za sitiroko, ndipo kumbukirani kunena FAST .

• F (Nkhope): Kodi mbali imodzi kapena mbali zonse ziwiri za nkhope zimagwa munthuyo akamayesa kumwetulira?
• A (Mkono): Munthu akamayesa kukweza manja onse awiri, kodi mkono umodzi umalendewera pansi?
• S (Kulankhula): Kodi munthuyo angathe kulankhula momveka bwino ndikumvetsa zomwe ena akunena?
• T (Nthawi): Ngati wina ali ndi zizindikiro izi, imbani 911 nthawi yomweyo! Stroke ndi mpikisano wopikisana ndi nthawi. Chithandizo choyambirira ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera zotsatira zabwino ndikuchira.

Dystonia ndi vuto la ubongo lomwe limapangitsa kuti minofu yanu iziyenda mosalamulirika. Lingayambitsidwe ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira matenda obadwa nawo mpaka matenda a nthawi yochepa.

Zinthu zina zomwe ndikuganiza kuti ndizofunikira kwa inu (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Kotero, ndikukhulupirira kuti mwamvetsa zomwe takhala tikukambirana za Dystonia. Kumbukirani, ngakhale kuti vutoli ndi lovuta, simuli nokha .

• Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi zizindikiro izi, musazengereze kupita kwa dokotala . Zikapezeka msanga, zimakhala zosavuta kuchiza.
• Si matenda onse a dystonia omwe ali ofanana, choncho lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mankhwala omwe ali abwino kwambiri pa vuto lanu.
• Nthawi zina, kusintha pang'ono moyo (monga kuchepetsa kumwa caffeine ndi mowa, ndikuchepetsa nkhawa) kungathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro.
• Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu mosamala. Imwani mankhwala anu monga mwalangizidwira. Musasiye kumwa nokha.

Tikukhulupirira kuti izi zikuthandizani. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino!

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