Tiyeni tingophunzira za glomerulosclerosis, yomwe ndi zipsera za minofu yosefa magazi ya impso.

Kodi mukumva kutupa mwadzidzidzi m'thupi lanu, makamaka miyendo yanu, akakolo, manja, kapena nkhope? Kapena mukuona thovu lochulukirapo m'mkodzo wanu kuposa masiku onse? Izi nthawi zina zingakhale zizindikiro za vuto ndi chimodzi mwa ziwalo zofunika kwambiri m'thupi lathu, impso. Lero tikambirana za vuto lomwe limakhudza impso, lomwe si lofala kwambiri, koma ndilofunika kwambiri kudziwa. Izi zimatchedwa Glomerulosclerosis.

Mwachidule, kodi Glomerulosclerosis ndi chiyani?

Impso zathu zili ngati zosefera ziwiri zazikulu. Zimasefa zinyalala m'magazi mwathu ndikuzitulutsa m'thupi ngati mkodzo. Njira yoseferayi imachitika mu netiweki ya mitsempha yaing'ono kwambiri yamagazi mkati mwa impso. Izi ndi zomwe timatcha 'Glomeruli'. Glomerulosclerosis ndi vuto lomwe ma netiweki ang'onoang'ono osefera magazi amakhala ndi zipsera kapena makulidwe. Monga momwe chilonda chimapangikira khungu lathu likavulala, ma netiweki osefera magazi awa akawonongeka, amakhala ndi zipsera. Izi zikachitika, ma netiweki amenewo sangagwire ntchito bwino. Matendawa angakhudze ana, akuluakulu, ndi aliyense. Komabe, amapezeka kwambiri mwa amuna.

Kodi n’chiyani chingayambitse vutoli?

Pali nthawi zina pomwe palibe chifukwa chenicheni cha glomerulosclerosis. Koma nthawi zambiri, imayambitsidwa ndi matenda ena kapena zinthu zina. Chifukwa chachikulu ndi vuto lotchedwa `FSGS` (Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis). Izi zikutanthauza kuti si minofu yonse yosefera mu impso yomwe yawonongeka, koma madera ena okha (Focal). Ndipo pamene kuwonongekako kumachitika, gawo limodzi lokha (Segmental) la minofu limawonongeka, osati minofu yonse. Nazi zifukwa zina zomwe zingakhudze vuto la `FSGS` ndi Glomerulosclerosis yonse:

• Matenda a shuga : Matenda a shuga osalamulirika ndi omwe amachititsa kuti impso ziwonongeke.
• Kunenepa kwambiri : Kulemera kwambiri kwa thupi kumaika mphamvu yowonjezera pa impso.
• Matenda a HIV :Kachilombo kameneka kangawononge mwachindunji maselo a impso.
• Matenda a autoimmune monga lupus: M'matenda amenewa, chitetezo cha mthupi chimaukira impso.
• Matenda a sickle cell: Uwu ndi matenda omwe amapezeka m'majini omwe amatha kuwononga impso.
• Matenda a Reflux nephropathy: Pa vutoli, mkodzo umabwerera kuchokera ku chikhodzodzo kupita ku impso, zomwe zimawononga impso.
• Glomerulonephritis: Chomwe chimachitika apa ndichakuti maukonde osefera magazi (Glomeruli) omwe tawatchula kale amatupa, kutanthauza kuti, amatupa.
• Mankhwala ndi mankhwala ena: Mankhwala ndi mankhwala ena omwe ndi oopsa ku impso nawonso angayambitse izi.

Kodi zizindikiro za izi ndi ziti?

Poyamba matendawa, sipangakhale zizindikiro zoonekeratu . Ndicho chinthu choopsa kwambiri pa matendawa. Koma pakapita nthawi, zizindikiro zina zimayamba kuonekera. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa zizindikiro izi. Kawirikawiri, matendawa amapezeka panthawi yoyezetsa matenda nthawi zonse chifukwa cha zifukwa zina. Kuyezetsa mkodzo kungasonyeze kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni (Proteinuria) kapena kuyezetsa magazi kungasonyeze kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni (Hypoproteinemia).

Kodi mumazindikira bwanji matendawa molondola?

Popeza zizindikiro zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa zitha kuwonekanso m'matenda ena, njira yokhayo komanso yabwino kwambiri yotsimikizira vutoli ndikuchita biopsy ya impso .

Kodi Biopsy ya Impso iyi ndi chiyani?

Musadandaule. Izi zikutanthauza kutenga minofu yaying'ono kwambiri kuchokera mu impso yanu pogwiritsa ntchito chida chaching'ono kwambiri chonga singano. Kenako, minofuyo imafufuzidwa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu kuti ione ngati pali zipsera zomwe zatchulidwazi. Kuphatikiza apo, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni mayeso otsatirawa:

• Mayeso a Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR): Izi zimayesa momwe impso zanu zikugwira ntchito.
• Kujambula kwa Impso ndi Ultrasound: Kuyang'ana kukula, mawonekedwe, ndi kupezeka kwa zolakwika zilizonse mu impso.
• Kuyesa majini: Nthawi zina, kuti aone ngati pali chifukwa cha majini.

Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?

Mwatsoka, palibe mankhwala a glomerulosclerosis. Palibenso mankhwala enaake ovomerezeka. Koma musadandaule! Pali njira zingapo zothandizira zomwe zingathandize kuwongolera kupitirira kwa matendawa, kuthana ndi zizindikiro, ndikukhala moyo wabwinobwino. Cholinga chachikulu cha chithandizo ndikuletsa matendawa kuti asapitirire ndikuletsa kulephera kwa impso. Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimaphatikizapo:

• Mankhwala oletsa kuthamanga kwa magazi: Mankhwala monga ACE inhibitors ndi ARBs samangoletsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso amathandiza kuchepetsa kutayika kwa mapuloteni mu mkodzo.
• Mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi: Ma steroid monga Prednisolone ndi mankhwala ena amathandiza kulamulira ntchito ya chitetezo chamthupi, kuchepetsa kutulutsa mapuloteni, komanso kukonza ntchito ya impso.
• Mankhwala oletsa cholesterol (Statins): Oletsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi.
• Mankhwala Ochepetsa Kutupa: Chotsani madzi ochulukirapo ndi mchere m'thupi ndikuchepetsa kutupa.
• Mankhwala Oletsa Kutsekeka kwa Magazi.
• Kusintha kwa moyo: Kudya zakudya zopanda mchere wambiri , kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso kumwa mavitamini ndikofunikira kwambiri.

Ngakhale kuti pali mankhwala onse, nthawi zina matendawa amatha kupangitsa kuti impso zilephere kugwira ntchito. Zikatero, dialysis kapena kusintha impso kungakhale kofunikira. Glomerulosclerosis Sinhala, matenda a impso, zipsera za impso, mapuloteni mu mkodzo, proteinuria Sinhala, kutupa kwa miyendo, biopsy ya impso