Kodi mukumva dzanzi komanso chizungulire? Mwina ndi matenda a Guillain-Barré!

Kodi mwadzidzidzi mumamva ngati mukutaya thupi lanu, kapena miyendo yanu yachita dzanzi? Nthawi zina izi zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha chinthu china chachikulu. Lero tikambirana za matenda amodzi otere. Ndi Guillain-Barré Syndrome, kapena GBS mwachidule. Ngakhale kuti uwu ndi matenda osowa kwambiri, ndikofunikira kudziwa za iwo.

Kodi Guillain-Barré Syndrome ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, Guillain-Barré Syndrome ndi vuto losowa kwambiri pomwe chitetezo cha mthupi lanu chimaukira dongosolo lanu la mitsempha . Limawononga makamaka mitsempha ya m'mphepete yomwe imathamangira ku miyendo yanu ndi ziwalo zina za thupi lanu. Ganizirani mitsempha iyi ngati waya m'thupi lanu. Mitsempha iyi ikawonongeka, zizindikiro monga dzanzi, kufooka, komanso kufooka zimatha kuchitika. Koma pali nkhani yabwino. Ndi chithandizo choyenera, anthu ambiri amatha kuchira kwathunthu ku vutoli.

Katchulidwe ka dzinali nakonso n'kosiyana pang'ono. Mu Chingerezi, limatchulidwa kuti "ghee-AHN buh-RAY".

Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matenda a GBS?

Matenda a Guillain-Barré angakhudze aliyense wa msinkhu uliwonse. Komabe, amapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu azaka zapakati pa 30 ndi 50. Izi zikutanthauza kuti achinyamata ndi azaka zapakati nawonso ali pachiwopsezo.

Kodi izi ndizofala bwanji?

GBS ndi matenda osowa kwambiri . Popeza pali anthu pafupifupi 7.8 biliyoni padziko lonse lapansi, akuti anthu pafupifupi 100,000 okha ndi omwe amadwala matendawa chaka chilichonse. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pafupifupi munthu m'modzi mwa anthu 78,000 amapezeka ndi matendawa chaka chilichonse. Chifukwa chake, izi sizofala kwambiri.

Kodi zizindikiro za GBS ndi ziti?

Popeza Guillain-Barré syndrome imakhudza mitsempha yathu ya m'mphepete mwa thupi, imakhudza zinthu zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi mitsemphayo, monga kuyenda kwa minofu, kumva kupweteka, kutentha, ndi kukhudza .

Zizindikiro zoyamba za GBS ndi kufooka kwa minofu ndi/kapena dzanzi (paresthesia) . Zizindikirozi nthawi zambiri zimabwera mwadzidzidzi. Nthawi zambiri zimakhudza mbali zonse ziwiri za thupi mofanana . Komanso, zimatha kuyamba m'miyendo ndi mapazi ndikufalikira pang'onopang'ono mmwamba, mpaka m'manja ndi kumaso. Minofu ya miyendo ikafooka, zimakhala zovuta kuyenda kapena kukwera masitepe. Tangoganizirani munthu amene wakhala akugwira ntchito nthawi zonse mwadzidzidzi wataya miyendo yonse ndipo sangathe kuyenda.

Kuopsa kwa matenda a GBS kungasiyane malinga ndi munthu. Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro zochepa kwambiri ndipo amachira. Ena akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro zoopsa kwambiri. Kutengera ndi kuopsa kwa matendawa, zizindikiro zina zingaphatikizepo:

• Kupweteka kwa minofu kumbuyo ndi/kapena miyendo .
• Kufooka kwa minofu ya miyendo, manja, ndi/kapena nkhope . Pa milandu yoopsa, thupi lonse limatha kufooka.
• Kufooka kwa minofu ya pachifuwa. Izi zingapangitse kuti kupuma kukhale kovuta. Vutoli limapezeka mwa anthu pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu omwe ali ndi GBS.
• Kuvuta kulankhula ndi kumeza (dysphagia) .
• Kuvuta kusuntha maso ndi kusawona bwino .

Zizindikiro za GBS zimatha kukula pang'onopang'ono pakatha maola, masiku, kapena milungu ingapo . Anthu ambiri amakumana ndi vuto lalikulu la matendawa mkati mwa milungu iwiri yoyambirira zizindikiro zitayamba. Pofika sabata yachitatu, pafupifupi 90% ya anthu akhoza kukhala kuti ali ndi vuto lalikulu.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti, ngati mwadzidzidzi minofu yanu yayamba kufooka ndipo minofuyo ikuipiraipira pakatha maola kapena masiku angapo, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyamba kulandira chithandizo cha GBS mwachangu momwe mungathere.

Kodi mavuto omwe angakhalepo chifukwa cha GBS ndi ati?

GBS imakhudza dongosolo lathu la mitsempha lodziyimira palokha, zomwe zingayambitse mavuto omwe angawononge moyo . Dongosolo lathu la mitsempha lodziyimira palokha limalamulira njira zofunika kwambiri zomwe sitikudziwa kuti tili nazo, monga kugunda kwa mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi kugaya chakudya. Dongosololi likalephera kugwira ntchito bwino, limatchedwa dysautonomia.

Dysautonomia yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi GBS ingayambitse mavuto monga:

• Matenda a mtima (cardiac arrhythmias).
• Kusakhazikika kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi.
• Mavuto a m'mimba (kusakhazikika kwa m'mimba).
• Kuvuta kulamulira kukodza, mwachitsanzo, kusunga mkodzo.

Kodi zifukwa za GBS ndi ziti?

Matenda a Guillain-Barré ndi matenda a mitsempha omwe amayamba pambuyo popatsirana, omwe amayambitsidwa ndi chitetezo chamthupi . Tiyeni tifotokoze izi pang'ono:

• Pambuyo pa matenda opatsirana: Matendawa nthawi zambiri amapezeka munthu akatenga matenda. Pafupifupi 70% ya anthu omwe ali ndi GBS amakhala ndi zizindikiro mkati mwa sabata imodzi mpaka milungu isanu ndi umodzi kuchokera pamene matendawa ayamba . Ofufuza sakudziwabe chifukwa chake izi zimachitika kwa anthu ena osati kwa ena.
• Chitetezo chamthupi: Izi zikutanthauza kuti matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha kuyankha kosayenera kwa chitetezo chamthupi chathu. Anthu ena akadwala, chitetezo chamthupi chawo sichichita bwino ndipo chimaukira ndikuwononga mitsempha yawo ya m'thupi. Izi ndi zomwe zimayambitsa GBS. Ndi mtundu wa vuto la chitetezo chamthupi. Komabe, mosiyana ndi matenda ambiri a chitetezo chamthupi, GBS si matenda omwe amakhalapo kwa moyo wonse.
• Matenda a mitsempha:Matenda a mitsempha ndi mawu ofala a matenda omwe amawononga mitsempha. Mu GBS, kuwonongeka kumachitika ku mitsempha ya m'mphepete mwa mitsempha. Chitetezo chathu cha mthupi chimaukira mitsempha iyi mwachangu kwa masiku angapo, ndikuwononga chophimba choteteza chotchedwa myelin (chofanana ndi choteteza chozungulira waya wamagetsi).

Ofufuza apeza matenda ena ndi zifukwa zina zokhudzana ndi chitetezo chamthupi zomwe zingayambitse GBS. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Kutsegula m'mimba kapena matenda otsegula m'mimba: Pafupifupi anthu awiri pa atatu omwe ali ndi matenda otsegula m'mimba amakhala ndi matenda otsegula m'mimba kapena otsegula m'mimba milungu ingapo zizindikiro zisanayambe. Chifukwa chachikulu cha matenda otsegula m'mimba ndi matenda a bakiteriya omwe amayambitsa kutsegula m'mimba otchedwa Campylobacter jejuni .
• Matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi: Anthu ena omwe ali ndi GBS adadwalapo matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi monga chimfine, cytomegalovirus, kachilombo ka Epstein-Barr, ndi kachilombo ka Zika.
• Katemera: Nthawi zambiri anthu ena amakhala ndi GBS patatha masiku kapena milungu ingapo atalandira katemera winawake. Koma izi n'zofunika: Ubwino wa katemera umaposa zoopsa zake. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti anthu omwe amalandira katemera wa chimfine amakhala ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza GBS kuposa omwe amalandira chimfine.
• Opaleshoni: Nthawi zambiri, GBS imatha kuchitika pambuyo pa opaleshoni iliyonse.

Kodi mungazindikire bwanji `(GBS)`?

Madokotala nthawi zambiri amazindikira matenda a Guillain-Barré kutengera zizindikiro zanu ndi mbiri yanu yachipatala . Dokotala wanu adzakufunsani mafunso okhudza momwe zizindikiro zanu zinayambira komanso nthawi yomwe zinayambira, komanso ngati mwadwala matenda enaake posachedwapa. Adzayesanso thupi ndi mitsempha kuti awone ngati minofu yanu yafooka komanso ngati minofu yanu yafooka kapena ayi (hyporeflexia kapena areflexia).

Komabe, pali matenda ena ambiri amitsempha omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi GBS. Chifukwa chake, dokotala wanu angafune mayeso ena kuti athetse matenda ena. Mayesowa angaphatikizepo:

• Mayeso a Electromyography (EMG) ndi mayesero oyendetsera mitsempha: Mayeso awa amayesa thanzi ndi ntchito ya minofu yanu ya mafupa (minofu yolumikizidwa ndi mafupa) ndi mitsempha yomwe imawongolera.
• Kuboola kwa msana/lumbar:Mu njira imeneyi, dokotala wanu amaika singano m'munsi mwa msana wanu ndipo amatenga chitsanzo cha madzi a m'mitsempha yanu ya ubongo (CSF). Chitsanzocho chimatumizidwa ku labu kuti akayesedwe ngati chili mkati mwake. Pa anthu pafupifupi 80% omwe ali ndi GBS, kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera m'magazi mu CSF kumakhala kwabwinobwino, koma kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni kumakhala kokwera. Zolakwika zina mu CSF zingasonyeze vuto lina.
• Mayeso ojambulira: Dokotala wanu angakulangizeninso kuti mujambule msana ndi MRI (magnetic resonance imaging).

Kodi GBS imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Ngati muli ndi matenda a Guillain-Barré, mungafunike kukhala m'chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU) cha chipatala kuti mupeze chithandizo. Izi zili choncho kuti gulu lachipatala lizitha kukuyang'anirani mosamala ngati pali zovuta monga kupuma movutikira komanso kusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi komwe kungachitike ndi GBS.

Palibe mankhwala enieni a Guillain-Barré syndrome. Komabe, pali mankhwala omwe angachepetse kuopsa kwa matendawa ndikufupikitsa nthawi yochira. Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zochizira GBS:

• Kusinthana kwa plasma (plasmapheresis): Mu chithandizochi, makina amalekanitsa plasma ndi magazi anu, amawachiza, kenako amabwezera plasma ndi magazi m'thupi lanu. Kusinthana kwa plasma kumasefa ma antibodies omwe amaukira mitsempha yanu kuchokera ku plasma yanu.
• Chithandizo cha immunoglobulin m'mitsempha (IVIG): Mu chithandizochi, mapuloteni otchedwa immunoglobulin, omwe amatengedwa kuchokera m'magazi a anthu ambiri athanzi, amaperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha (m'mitsempha). Ma immunoglobulin awa ndi mapuloteni omwe chitetezo chathu cha mthupi chimapanga mwachilengedwe kuti chiukire zamoyo zakunja. IVIG ingachepetse nthawi yomwe chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chimaukira mitsempha yanu.

Ndi mankhwala onsewa, ngati chithandizo chayamba mkati mwa milungu iwiri kuchokera pamene zizindikiro za GBS zayamba, nthawi yochira ikhoza kuchepetsedwa.

Chithandizo cha mavuto

Mavuto angachitike ngati GBS yakhudza dongosolo lanu la mitsempha lodziyimira palokha ndikupangitsa thupi lanu kufooka kwathunthu. Gulu lanu lachipatala lidzayang'anira kupuma kwanu, kugunda kwa mtima, ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi mosamala. Adzachitapo kanthu mwachangu ngati pakhala mavuto. Zitsanzo zina za mankhwala ochizira mavuto ndi awa:

• Chisamaliro cha kupuma: Ngati GBS yakhudza minofu yanu yopumira, mungafunike mpweya wopumira wamakina. Pafupifupi 30% ya anthu omwe ali ndi GBS amavutika kupuma.
• Kupewa magazi kuundana:Ngati simukudziwa kalikonse ndipo muli m'chipatala kwa nthawi yayitali, dokotala wanu angakupatseni mankhwala monga heparin (mankhwala oletsa magazi kuundana) kuti mupewe magazi kuundana m'mitsempha yanu yakuya (deep vein thrombosis).
• Madzi olowa m'mitsempha ndi kudyetsa mwana pogwiritsa ntchito chubu: Ngati kumeza kuli kovuta, madzi olowa m'mitsempha angafunike kuti apewe kutaya madzi m'thupi ndi kudyetsa mwana pogwiritsa ntchito chubu cha nasogastric kuti apewe kusowa zakudya m'thupi. Izi zingathandizenso kupewa chakudya kapena madzi olowa m'mapapo ndi kuyambitsa chibayo.

Kukonzanso

Pamene vuto lanu likukula, gulu lanu lachipatala lingakusamutsireni ku chipatala chothandizira anthu okalamba. Kumeneko, mungagwire ntchito ndi akatswiri azachipatala ndi akatswiri ena azachipatala kuti mupezenso mphamvu zanu ndikuyamba kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti akuthandizeni kubwerera ku zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku. Mankhwalawa angaphatikizepo:

• Kuchiza thupi: Izi zimathandiza kukonza momwe thupi lanu limayendera. Dokotala wothandiza thupi angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi zizindikiro monga kupweteka, kuuma, komanso kusasangalala. Angakuthandizeninso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti minofu yanu ikhalenso ndi mphamvu.
• Chithandizo cha ntchito: Chithandizochi chimakuthandizani pang'onopang'ono kukulitsa luso lanu lochita ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku. Katswiri wa za ntchito amakuphunzitsani momwe mungayimire, kukhala, kusuntha, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana kuti mugwire ntchito yanu mosamala.
• Chithandizo cha kulankhula: Ngati GBS yakhudza minofu ya pakamwa panu kapena pakhosi panu, katswiri wa matenda a kulankhula angakuthandizeni kuyambiranso kumeza ndi kulankhula.
• Zipangizo zothandizira kuyenda: Zipangizo monga ndodo, zogwirira, zoyendera, ndi mipando ya olumala zingathandize kukonza kuyenda kwanu ndikupewa kugwa. Zingathandizenso kuchepetsa kutopa.

Kodi GBS ingapewedwe?

Nthawi zambiri, Guillain-Barré syndrome singathe kupewedwa. Ofufuza sakudziwabe chifukwa chake anthu ena amadwala GBS akadwala pomwe ena sadwala. Komabe, chinthu chimodzi chomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu chodwala GBS ndikukhalabe wathanzi momwe mungathere. Njira izi zingathandize:

• Sambani m'manja nthawi zambiri.
• Pewani anthu omwe ali ndi chimfine cha m'mimba kapena matenda ena.
• Limbitsani chitetezo cha mthupi lanu mwa kudya zakudya zabwino komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.
• Sungani malo omwe amakhudzidwa pafupipafupi monga matebulo, zoseweretsa, zogwirira zitseko, mafoni, ndi zinthu zina za m'bafa zili zoyera komanso zotetezedwa ku matenda.
• Pezani katemera wanu wonse pa nthawi yake.

Kodi chiyembekezo cha munthu amene ali ndi GBS ndi chiyani?

Matenda a Guillain-Barré angasinthe malinga ndi momwe munthu alili ndi matendawa. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi GBS amachira bwino pakatha miyezi ingapo. Komabe, pafupifupi 30% ya akuluakulu - komanso ana ambiri - angakhalebe ndi kufooka kwa minofu patatha zaka zitatu atapezeka ndi matendawa.

Kodi matenda a Guillain-Barré amatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu?

Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro za matenda a Guillain-Barré zimakula bwino pakapita nthawi komanso chithandizo. Anthu ambiri amayamba kuchira pakatha milungu iwiri kapena itatu zizindikiro zitayamba. Nthawi yomwe imatenga kuti munthu achire mokwanira imatha kuyambira miyezi ingapo mpaka chaka chimodzi kapena kuposerapo, kutengera kuopsa kwa matendawa.

Matenda a Guillain-Barré ndi moyo wawo wonse

Anthu omwe akuchira ku matenda a Guillain-Barré amakhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino. Anthu ochepera 2% amafa ndi GBS panthawi yoopsa. Zomwe zimayambitsa imfa zokhudzana ndi GBS ndi izi:

• Chibayo.
• Sepsis (kuopsa kwa magazi).
• Matenda oyambitsa kupuma movutikira (ARDS).
• Kuundana kwa magazi m'mapapo (pulmonary embolism).
• Kumangidwa kwa mtima.

Kodi ndingadzisamalire bwanji ngati ndili ndi GBS?

Kuchira kwa matenda a Guillain-Barré kungakhale kochedwa kwa anthu ena. Musazengereze kupempha thandizo lakuthupi ndi lamaganizo kuchokera kwa okondedwa anu. Gulu lanu lachipatala lilipo kuti likuthandizeni.

Kutaya mwadzidzidzi chidziwitso kapena kulumala kungakhale kovuta kwambiri. Ngati mukumva kupsinjika maganizo ndi GBS, lankhulani ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo , monga katswiri wa zamaganizo. Gulu lothandizira lingakuthandizeninso kulumikizana ndi ena omwe ali ndi zokumana nazo ndi malingaliro ofanana.

Matenda a Guillain-Barré (GBS) ndi matenda oopsa omwe angasinthe thanzi lanu mwadzidzidzi. Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi GBS amachira bwino akalandira chithandizo. Komabe, zingatenge nthawi. Kuchira kungakhale kovuta komanso kotopetsa. Kumbukirani kuti gulu lanu lachipatala lili nanu panjira iliyonse. Ndipo musaiwale kupeza chithandizo kuchokera kwa okondedwa anu.

Tiyeni tikumbukire zinthu zofunika kwambiri (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

• Matenda a Guillain-Barré ndi matenda osowa kwambiri omwe chitetezo cha mthupi lathu chimaukira mitsempha yathu.
• Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika pambuyo pa matenda monga malungo, chimfine, kapena kutsegula m'mimba.
• Zizindikiro zazikulu ndi kufooka kwa minofu mwadzidzidzi komanso dzanzi, kuyambira m'miyendo ndikufalikira kumtunda kwa thupi.
• Kuvuta kupuma, kuvutika kumeza, komanso kusokonezeka kwa minofu ya nkhope kungachitikenso.
• Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro izi, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.Chithandizo chachangu n'chofunika kwambiri.
• Mankhwala monga plasmapheresis ndi IVIG amatha kuletsa matendawa ndikufulumizitsa kuchira.
• Zingatenge nthawi kuti munthu achire, ndipo zingafunike chithandizo chobwezeretsa thanzi lake monga physiotherapy.
• Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri amachira kwathunthu, ena amakhalabe ndi zofooka zina.
• Ngakhale kuti izi n'zovuta kuzipewa, mutha kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu mwa kukhala ndi thanzi labwino.

Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena okhudza izi, musazengereze kufunsa dokotala wanu. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino!

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