Kodi inuyo kapena wokondedwa wanu mudauzidwapo ndi dokotala kuti ayenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni ya mtima? Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono komanso mantha mukamva mawu amenewo. Ndani sakonda mawu oti "opaleshoni ya mtima," sichoncho? Koma mukadziwa bwino lomwe kuti opaleshoniyi ndi chiyani, mantha anu adzatha. Chifukwa chake, lero tikambirana za opaleshoni ya mtima m'mawu osavuta, m'chinenero chomwe mungamvetse.
Kodi opaleshoni ya valavu ya mtima kwenikweni ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, opaleshoni ya valavu ya mtima ndi opaleshoni yokonza (kukonza) kapena kusintha valavu imodzi kapena zingapo mumtima mwanu.
Ganizirani mtima wanu ngati nyumba yokhala ndi zipinda zinayi. Pakati pa zipinda zinayizi pali ziwalo ngati zitseko zomwe zimalola magazi kuyenda mbali imodzi yokha. Ndicho chimene timatcha ma valve . Nthawi iliyonse mtima ukagunda, ma valve awa amatseguka ndi kutsekedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi aziyenda bwino komanso mozungulira.
Koma nthawi zina ma valve amenewa amadwala. Mwina satseka bwino ndipo magazi amayamba kutuluka m'mbuyo . Kapena valavu imakhuthala ndikuchepa, kutseka njira yoti magazi ayende patsogolo . Kaya chichitike ndi chiyani, mtima sungagwire ntchito bwino. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mtima uyenera kugwira ntchito molimbika kuposa momwe uyenera kupopera magazi. Pamenepo madokotala amaganizira za opaleshoni.
Pali mitundu inayi ikuluikulu ya ma valve mumtima mwathu.
| Dzina la Valavu | Malo |
|---|---|
| Valavu ya Tricuspid | Pakati pa zipinda zapamwamba ndi zapansi kumbali yakumanja ya mtima |
| Valavu ya M'mapapo | Pakati pa ventricle yakumanja ndi mtsempha wa m'mapapo |
| Valavu ya Mitral | Pakati pa zipinda zapamwamba ndi zapansi kumbali yakumanzere ya mtima |
| Valavu ya Aortic | Pakati pa ventricle yakumanzere ndi mtsempha waukulu womwe umanyamula magazi kupita nawo ku thupi (Aorta) |
Kodi mitundu ya opaleshoni ndi iti?
Zinthu zingapo zidzatsimikizira mtundu wa opaleshoni yomwe mudzachite. Mwachitsanzo, zaka zanu, momwe mtima wanu ulili, ndi matenda ena aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo. Dokotala adzakuyesani kuti adziwe vuto lenileni lomwe muli nalo ndi valavu yanu komanso momwe ilili yoopsa. Pokhapokha ndiye adzasankha opaleshoni yomwe ili yoyenera kwa inu.
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya opaleshoni.
Opaleshoni Yokonza Ma Valves
Izi zimaphatikizapo kusunga valavu yanu momwe mungathere ndikungokonza vutolo. Nthawi zambiri iyi ndi chisankho choyamba cha madokotala ochita opaleshoni chifukwa ndi mwayi waukulu kukhala ndi minofu yanu.
Opaleshoni Yosintha Ma Valves
Nthawi zina valavu ikhoza kuwonongeka kwambiri moti singakonzedwe. Zikatero, valavu yolakwika imachotsedwa kwathunthu ndipo valavu yatsopano imayikidwa m'malo mwake. Vavu yatsopanoyi ikhoza kukhala yachilengedwe (yopangidwa kuchokera ku nkhumba, ng'ombe, kapena minofu ya munthu) kapena yamakina (yopangidwa kuchokera ku chitsulo kapena kaboni). Izi zimapangidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi thupi, kotero thupi lanu silidzazikana.
Kodi valavu ya mtima imatha kudzichiritsa yokha?
Ayi. Sizidzachitika. Ichi ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe tonsefe tiyenera kumvetsetsa. Matenda a valavu ya mtima ndi vuto lomwe limakula pakapita nthawi. Ngakhale kuti mankhwala amatha kuletsa zizindikiro kwa kanthawi, sachiza matendawa. Yankho lokhalo lokhazikika ndi opaleshoni. Choncho ngati dokotala wanu asankha kuti opaleshoni ndi yofunika, si bwino kuimitsa kaye.
Opaleshoni nthawi zambiri imaganiziridwa pamene zizindikiro monga kupweteka pachifuwa, kupuma movutikira, ndi chizungulire zakula kwambiri moti sizingathe kuthetsedwa ndi mankhwala. Nthawi zina zimakhala bwino kuchitidwa opaleshoni zizindikiro zisanayambe.
Kodi mumakonzekera bwanji musanachite opaleshoni?
Muyenera kuyesedwa kangapo tsiku limodzi musanachite opaleshoni.
- X-ray pachifuwa
- Kujambula mtima (Echocardiogram)
- Mayeso a ECG (Electrocardiogram)
- Kujambula kwa CT
- Mayeso monga catheterization ya mtima
- Kuyezetsa magazi
Mudzalangizidwa kuti musadye kapena kumwa chilichonse pakati pausiku usiku woti opaleshoni ichitike. Komanso, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mankhwala omwe mukumwa ndipo mudziwe bwino mankhwala omwe muyenera kusiya kumwa musanachite opaleshoni komanso omwe muyenera kupitiriza kumwa.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani panthawi ya opaleshoni?
Mudzakhala mukugona tulo tofa nato komanso mukugona tulo tatikulu panthawi yonse ya opaleshoni, kotero simudzamva kupweteka kulikonse. Dokotala wa opaleshoni adzakudulani pang'ono pachifuwa kuti afike pamtima panu. Pa opaleshoniyi, makina apadera (makina a mtima ndi mapapo) adzagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwira ntchito ya mtima ndi mapapo anu. Gulu lachipatala lidzakonza kapena kusintha valavu. Opaleshoni ikatha, mtima udzayambiranso ndipo kudulako kudzatsekedwa.
| Njira yopangira opaleshoni | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Opaleshoni yachikhalidwe yotsegula mtima | Kuduladula kwa mainchesi pafupifupi 6-8 kumapangidwa pachifuwa. |
| Opaleshoni yochepa kwambiri | Kuduladula kwa mainchesi 3-4 kapena kung'ono kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ukadaulo wothandizidwa ndi robotic ungagwiritsidwenso ntchito. |
| Njira ya Transcatheter | Opaleshoniyi imachitika popanda kutsegula chifuwa, poika chubu chaching'ono (catheter) kudzera mu mtsempha wamagazi m'chifuwa. TAVR ndi njira yodziwika bwino yamtunduwu. |
Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire?
Nthawi zambiri zimatenga milungu 4 mpaka 8 kuti munthu achire bwino. Komabe, ngati munachitidwa opaleshoni yochepa kwambiri, nthawi yanu yochira ingakhale yochepa.
Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, mudzasungidwa mu chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU) kwa tsiku limodzi kapena awiri, kenako mudzasamutsidwira ku chipinda chogona. Mudzakhala m'chipatala kwa masiku pafupifupi 5-7. Ndizachilendo kumva kutopa pang'ono poyamba ndikumva kupweteka pang'ono pamalo odulidwa.
Kumbukirani zinthu izi pamene mukuchira:
- Musaiwale kupita kukaonana ndi dokotala nthawi iliyonse yomwe mwapatsidwa.
- Musanyamule zinthu zolemera (zoposa 7 kg) kwa milungu 6-8 yoyambirira.
- Musayendetse galimoto popanda kufunsa dokotala wanu.
- Yambani kuyenda mwachangu momwe mungathere. Choyamba, m'nyumba, kenako pang'onopang'ono onjezerani mtunda.
- Mungathe kubwerera kuntchito patatha milungu 6-12. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izi.
Kodi muyenera kuyimbira dokotala wanu liti?
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuuza dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati pali vuto lililonse lomwe lingabuke panthawi yomwe mukuchira.
| Mbali yofunika kuiganizira | Zoyenera kuchita |
|---|---|
| Ululu, kufiira, kutupa, kapena mafinya ozungulira chotupacho. | Uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo. Ichi chingakhale chizindikiro cha matenda. |
| Malungo. | Chizindikiro china cha matenda. Fufuzani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. |
| Kulemera kwadzidzidzi (monga kupitirira 2 kg). | Ichi chingakhale chizindikiro cha kusunga madzi m'thupi. Uzani dokotala wanu. |
| Kupweteka kwambiri pachifuwa kapena kuvutika kupuma. | Pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi nthawi yomweyo. |
Mafunso ena omwe mungakhale nawo
Kodi ndiyenera kumwa mankhwala oletsa magazi kuundana kwa moyo wanga wonse?
Izi zimadalira mtundu wa valavu yomwe muli nayo.
- Ngati muli ndi valavu yamakina , inde. Muyenera kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi moyo wanu wonse. Amaletsa magazi kuundana pa valavu.
- Munakonza valavu , sichoncho? Vavu yachilengedwe inayikidwa.Ngati ndi choncho, mungafunike kumwa mankhwalawa kwa milungu ingapo mutachita opaleshoni. Mwina simungafunikire konse. Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani zoyenera kuchita.
Kodi ndingakhale moyo wabwinobwino nditachita opaleshoni?
Inde, anthu ambiri akhoza. Mutha kuyambiranso ntchito zanu musanachite opaleshoni, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi zina zotero. Koma kumbukirani kuti si onse omwe ali ofanana. Kuchira kwanu kungakhale kosiyana ndi kwa wina. Choncho pumulani pang'ono ndikumvetsera thupi lanu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Opaleshoni ya valavu ya mtima si chinthu choopa. Tsopano ndi opaleshoni yopambana kwambiri, yopulumutsa moyo, komanso yowongolera khalidwe la moyo.
- Valavu yodwala siichira yokha. Vutoli lidzaipiraipira pakapita nthawi, choncho ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu.
- Mtundu wa opaleshoni yomwe mumachita (kukonza, kumanganso, opaleshoni yotseguka, kapena yosavulaza kwambiri) idzadalira thanzi lanu.
- Khalani oleza mtima pamene mukuchira. Perekani thupi lanu nthawi yofunikira kuti lichiritse.
- Kambiranani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za mafunso, mantha, kapena kukayikira kulikonse komwe mungakhale nako. Iwo alipo kuti akuthandizeni.
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