Tangoganizani kuti munthu wapafupi nanu, mwina mwana wamng'ono amene ali ndi mphumu kapena munthu wokalamba, mwadzidzidzi sangathe kupuma, kugwa, ndipo akulephera kupuma mokwanira. Kodi tingakhale ndi mantha otani panthawi ngati imeneyi? Kotero, lero tikulankhula za chithandizo chapadera chomwe madokotala angagwiritse ntchito m'zipatala pakagwa mwadzidzidzi. Ichi chimatchedwa Heliox. Pali nthawi zina pamene ichi chingakhale chithandizo chopulumutsa moyo.
Mwachidule, kodi Heliox ndi chiyani?
Heliox ndi chisakanizo cha mpweya iwiri, helium ndi oxygen. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ogwira ntchito zachipatala, kutanthauza madokotala, kuchiza odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu lopuma, makamaka pakagwa ngozi. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuchepetsa khama lomwe thupi liyenera kuchita kuti lipume.
Tsopano taonani, mpweya umene timapuma nthawi zambiri umakhala pafupifupi 21% ya mpweya ndipo pafupifupi 78% ya nayitrogeni. Ngakhale kuchipatala, mpweya umaperekedwa ngati mpweya weniweni kapena wosakanikirana ndi nayitrogeni. Koma apa, mpweya wa helium uli ndi mphamvu yapadera. Helium ndi mpweya wopepuka kwambiri kuposa nayitrogeni.
Kuti timvetse izi, tiyeni titenge chitsanzo chaching'ono. Tangoganizani kuti njira yanu yopumira (mpweya) yachepa chifukwa cha chimfine, mphumu, kapena chifukwa china. Zili ngati chitoliro chamadzi chotsekedwa. Tsopano, ngati muyesa kukankhira madzi okhuthala, ngati uchi, kudzera mu chitoliro chotsekedwachi, zingakhale zovuta bwanji? Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri. Mpweya wa nayitrogeni ndi wolemera pang'ono. Koma ngati muyesa kukankhira madzi opepuka ngati madzi kudzera mu chitolirocho? Amayenda mosavuta. Mpweya wa helium ndi wopepuka ngati madzi. Chifukwa chake, helium imathandiza kunyamula mpweya mosavuta kudzera munjira zotsekedwa komanso zopapatiza kupita m'mapapo.
Helium, monga nayitrogeni, ndi "mpweya wopanda mphamvu". Izi zikutanthauza kuti sichitapo kanthu ndi zinthu zina m'thupi. Thupi limangotenga mpweya wochokera mu chisakanizochi ndikupuma helium. Izi zikutanthauza kuti helium ndi "galimoto" yokha yomwe imanyamula mpweya kupita ku mapapo.
Kodi Heliox imagwiritsidwa ntchito liti?
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti Heliox si mankhwala a matenda. M'malo mwake, ndi chithandizo chomwe chimaperekedwa kuti wodwalayo akhale wolimba mpaka mankhwala ena (monga mankhwala a mphumu) atagwira ntchito bwino ndipo thanzi la wodwalayo litasintha. Zili ngati kupatsa munthu booy pamene akumira. Zimathandiza kupulumutsa moyo wake, poyembekezera gulu lopulumutsa anthu kuti lifike. Gome ili pansipa likuwonetsa zina mwazochitika zazikulu zomwe Heliox imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
| Mkhalidwe | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Kuukira kwakukulu kwa mphumu (Status Asthmatics) | Pamene njira zopumira mpweya zimakhala zochepa kwambiri mu mphumu yoopsa yomwe siilamulidwa ndi mankhwala wamba ndipo ikhoza kupha munthu. |
| Kutsekeka kwa Njira Yopumira | Pamene njira yodutsa mpweya yatsekedwa ndi chotupa kapena china chake (monga chidutswa cha chakudya) chikukakamira. |
| Kuwonjezeka kwa COPD (matenda osatha oletsa kupuma) | Odwala COPD akamavutika kupuma chifukwa cha matenda ena monga matenda. |
| Matenda Ovuta Kwambiri Okhudza Kupuma (ARDS) | Matenda omwe mapapu amawonongeka chifukwa cha matenda aakulu kapena ngozi ndipo amadzaza ndi madzi mpaka kufika poti kupuma n'kosatheka. |
| Stridor pambuyo pa extubation | Ngati chubu chopumira chachotsedwa, monga pambuyo pa opaleshoni, ndipo pamakhala phokoso la kupuma pamene mukupuma chifukwa cha kutupa pakhosi. |
| Matenda Ochepetsa Kupsinjika Maganizo ("The Bends") | Akamadumphira m'madzi akuya kwambiri, mpweya wa nayitrogeni womwe umasonkhana m'magazi awo umasanduka thovu. |
Kodi chithandizochi chimaperekedwa bwanji?
Pali njira zingapo zoperekera chithandizo cha Heliox. Dokotala adzasankha malinga ndi momwe wodwalayo alili.
- Kudzera mu Ventilator: Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene wodwalayo ali chikomokere ndipo kupuma kumaperekedwa ndi makina ngati sangathe kupuma yekha.
- Kudzera mu Chigoba cha Nkhope:Imaperekedwa kudzera mu chigoba chapadera chomwe chimakwanira pamphuno ndi pakamwa pa wodwalayo.
- Kudzera mu kannula ya m'mphuno: Imaperekedwa kudzera mu chubu chaching'ono chomwe chimayikidwa pansi pa mphuno.
Dokotala kapena katswiri wothandiza kupuma amasinthasintha kuchuluka kwa helium ndi mpweya malinga ndi zosowa za wodwalayo. Zosakaniza zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ndi 70% helium/30% oxygen kapena 60% helium/40% oxygen.
Kodi ubwino ndi kuipa kwa izi ndi kotani?
Ubwino
Ubwino waukulu wa izi, monga ndanenera kale, ndi wakuti zimachepetsa khama lomwe thupi liyenera kuchita popuma. Tikamavutika kupuma, minofu ya pachifuwa ndi m'mimba imagwira ntchito molimbika kwambiri. Izi zimachepetsa khama limenelo ndipo zimapatsa thupi mpumulo. Zimachepetsanso kutsekeka kwa mpweya kudzera m'njira zopapatiza.
Zoyipa
Vuto lalikulu kapena vuto lalikulu ndilakuti chithandizochi chimafuna zida zapadera ndi antchito ophunzitsidwa bwino kuti apereke. Miyeso ndi malo a makina omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka mpweya amatha kusintha akamapereka mpweya wa heliox. Chifukwa chake, madokotala ndi ogwira ntchito ayenera kudziwa bwino za kusinthaku.
Koma monga wodwala, mulibe chifukwa choopera izi. Madokotala amadziwa bwino izi, ndipo bola ngati chithandizochi chikuperekedwa moyang'aniridwa ndi iwo, chiopsezo kwa wodwalayo chimakhala chochepa kwambiri.
Chithandizochi chimaperekedwa mpaka wodwalayo atatha kupuma bwino yekha kapena angasamutsidwire ku chithandizo cha mpweya nthawi zonse. Kuchira msanga kumadalira momwe vuto lomwe limayambitsa (monga mphumu) limalamuliridwira mwachangu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Heliox ndi chisakanizo cha helium ndi mpweya wa okosijeni. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zipatala chifukwa cha mavuto aakulu opuma.
- Izi zimathandiza pothandiza kunyamula mpweya mosavuta kudzera m'njira zopapatiza zopita ku mapapo, chifukwa mpweya wa helium ndi wopepuka kuposa nayitrogeni.
- Iyi si njira yochiritsira matenda, koma njira yothandizira kwakanthawi yomwe imapereka mpumulo kwa wodwalayo pakagwa mwadzidzidzi, monga mphumu yayikulu kapena kutsekeka kwa mpweya.
- Izi zimaperekedwa moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala, ndi antchito ophunzitsidwa bwino pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera.
- Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa akuvutika kupuma kwambiri, chinthu chabwino kwambiri choti muchite nthawi yomweyo ndikupita naye ku Chipatala cha Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) chapafupi, komwe madokotala angapereke chithandizo chofunikira.
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