Kodi impso zanu zikulephera kugwira ntchito? Tiyeni tikambirane za hemodialysis

Impso zanu zili ngati zosefera ziwiri zazikulu m'thupi lathu. Ntchito yayikulu ya impso ndikusefa zinyalala zosafunikira komanso zapoizoni ndi madzi ochulukirapo m'magazi. Koma impso izi zikalephera kugwira ntchito bwino chifukwa cha matenda enaake, zinyalala zimatha kusonkhana m'thupi ndikuyambitsa mavuto akulu. Apa ndi pomwe chithandizo chopulumutsa moyo chotchedwa hemodialysis chimatithandiza.

Mwachidule, kodi hemodialysis ndi chiyani?

Hemodialysis ndi mtundu wa chithandizo cha dialysis. Impso zanu zikalephera kugwira ntchito yawo, makina amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeretsa magazi anu. Mwachidule, imagwira ntchito ngati impso yopangidwa.

Mu njira imeneyi, makina amatenga magazi ena m'thupi lanu, n’kuwadutsa mu fyuluta yapadera (impso yopangira) kuti ayeretsedwe, kenako n’kubwezera magazi oyerawo m’thupi lanu. Izi zimachotsa zinthu monga zinyalala za nayitrogeni (urea), zinyalala zochokera m’minofu (creatinine), ndi ma asidi omwe amasonkhana m’magazi.

Kodi makina awa amayeretsa bwanji magazi?

Tangoganizirani, iyi ndi ukadaulo wodabwitsa kwambiri. Gawo lalikulu la makina oyeretsera magazi ndi dialyzer . Ichi ndi chomwe timachitchanso "impso yopangira."

Magazi anu amadutsa m'machubu ambirimbiri ofanana ndi maukonde mkati mwa dialyzer iyi. Kenako, zinyalala ndi madzi ochulukirapo m'magazi zimatuluka kudzera m'maukonde awa kupita kumbali ina. Madzi apadera otchedwa dialysate amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonkhanitsa zinyalala izi. Madzi awa ali ndi madzi, mchere, ndi ma electrolyte.

Magazi anu, omwe atsukidwa ndi kuchotsedwa m'zinyalala, amabwezedwa m'thupi lanu kudzera mu chubu. Madzi a dialysate, omwe asonkhanitsa zinyalala, amachotsedwa ndi makina.

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya chithandizo cha hemodialysis ndi iti?

Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zochizira hemodialysis. Mutha kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu njira yoyenera kwa inu.

Kodi pali mitundu ya hemodialysis ya kunyumba?

Inde, pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya mankhwala apakhomo.

1. Kuyeretsa magazi m'thupi kunyumba: Katatu pa sabata, maola 3-4 nthawi iliyonse.

2. Kuyeretsa magazi m'nyumba kwa nthawi yochepa tsiku lililonse: Ukadaulo watsopano umalola kuti chithandizo chichepe. Chimachitika masiku 5-7 pa sabata, ndipo chimatenga pafupifupi maola awiri pa nthawi iliyonse.

3. Kuyezetsa magazi usiku kunyumba: Izi zimachitika usiku mukugona. Mankhwalawa amachitika kwa maola 6-8 nthawi imodzi, pafupifupi masiku 4-6 pa sabata. Njirayi imalola magazi kutsukidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, kotero zinyalala zambiri zimachotsedwa m'thupi.

Kodi mumakonzekera bwanji musanalandire chithandizo?

Musanayambe hemodialysis, muyenera kukonzekera milungu ingapo kapena miyezi ingapo pasadakhale. Chofunika kwambiri ndikupeza njira yochotsera magazi mosavuta komanso mwachangu ndikubwezeretsanso m'thupi panthawi ya chithandizo. Izi zimaphatikizapo opaleshoni yaying'ono.

• Fistula ya m'mitsempha yamagazi (AV fistula): Mu njira imeneyi, dokotala wa opaleshoni amalumikiza mtsempha wamagazi ndi mtsempha m'dzanja lanu. Iyi ndiyo njira yoyenera komanso yokhalitsa.
• Cholumikizira cha mitsempha ya m'mitsempha (AV graft): Ngati mtsempha wanu ndi mitsempha yanu ndi zazifupi kwambiri moti sizingalumikizane, dokotalayo adzalumikiza ziwirizi pogwiritsa ntchito chubu chofewa, chopanda kanthu (graft).

Ngati chithandizo chikufunika kuyambika mwachangu, nthawi zina chubu chofewa chotchedwa catheter chingalowetsedwe kwakanthawi mumtsempha waukulu pakhosi, pachifuwa, kapena pantchafu.

Kuti muteteze fistula/graft yanu, kumbukirani zinthu izi:

• Musagone ndi kulemera kwanu kumbali ya mkono pomwe pali fistula.
• Musamavale zovala kapena zodzikongoletsera (mphete, mawotchi) zomwe zingagwire m'dzanja limenelo.
• Musamavale lamba wa thumba pamwamba pa mkonowo.
• Musayesedwe kuthamanga kwa magazi (BP) kapena kutenga magazi kuchokera m'dzanja lanu ndi fistula.

Kodi muyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi chakudya ndi zakumwa?

Inde ndithu. Chakudya chomwe mumadya chimakhudza mwachindunji kupambana kwa chithandizo cha hemodialysis. Zakudya zina zimatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zinyalala m'magazi, kuyambitsa kusunga madzi, kukweza kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso kukweza kugunda kwa mtima.

Musanayambe kulandira chithandizo, katswiri wa zakudya za impso adzapanga dongosolo la zakudya lomwe lili loyenera kwa inu. Nthawi zambiri muyenera kuchepetsa zakudya zomwe zili ndi izi:

Kodi zotsatirapo zake ndi zovuta zake ndi ziti?

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi chithandizo chilichonse chamankhwala, pali zotsatirapo zina zomwe zingachitike komanso zovuta zina chifukwa cha hemodialysis. Koma palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa ndi izi, chifukwa gulu lanu lachipatala lidzakuyang'anirani nthawi zonse kuti mudziwe izi.

Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zingachitike:

• Kuthamanga kwa magazi pang'ono (Hypotension)
• Kusanza ndi kusanza
• Chizungulire ndi kukomoka (Syncope)
• Kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kumbuyo
• Mutu
• Khungu loyabwa (Pruritus)
• Kupweteka kwa minofu
• Matenda a miyendo yosakhazikika (kumva kusakhazikika m'miyendo)

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo okhudzana ndi fistula/graft:

• Matenda (kufiira, kutupa, ululu, malungo)
• Magazi amaundana
• Kutsekeka chifukwa cha minofu ya chilonda

Ngati muwona chilichonse chonga ichi, muyenera kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi mungakhale ndi moyo wautali bwanji ndi hemodialysis?

Ili ndi vuto kwa anthu ambiri. Nthawi yapakati ya moyo wa munthu amene akulandira chithandizo cha hemodialysis ndi pafupifupi zaka 5-10. Komabe, izi zimasiyana malinga ndi munthu. Pali anthu omwe amakhala zaka 20-30 kapena kuposerapo ndi zakudya zabwino, upangiri wa dokotala, komanso moyo wabwino kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, chofunika kwambiri ndikukhalabe olimba mtima ndikupitiliza kulandira chithandizo moyenera.