Kodi munayamba mwayeretsapo malo akale, okhala ndi fumbi monga chipinda chapamwamba, phanga, kapena khola la nkhuku? Kapena munagwira ntchito pa nyumba yakale yomwe ikugwetsedwa? Nthawi zina ngati izi, matenda omwe sitingaganizirepo amatha kulowa m'thupi mwathu kudzera mu mpweya womwe timapuma. Umenewo ndi mtundu wa vuto loopsa lomwe tikukamba m'nkhaniyi lero, koma lomwe silikunenedwa kwambiri m'dziko lathu.
Mwachidule, kodi Histoplasmosis ndi chiyani?
Histoplasmosis ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha bowa. Kunena zoona, bowa lomwe limayambitsa bowali limatchedwa `(Histoplasma capsulatum)`. Bowali nthawi zambiri limakhala m'nthaka. Koma osati m'nthaka yonse. Bowali limakula bwino m'nthaka yomwe ili ndi mileme kapena ndowe zambiri za mbalame .
Taganizirani za dothi lomwe lili m'nyumba yakale, phanga la mileme, malo okhala ndi zikho za nkhuku, kapena pansi pa mlatho komwe mbalame ngati nkhunda zimakonda kupezeka. Dothi likakumbidwa, kusesa, kapena kusokonezedwa m'malo awa, ma spores a bowa awa m'nthaka amatha kutulutsidwa mumlengalenga. Kenako, tikapuma mpweya umenewo, ma spores a bowa amenewo amatha kulowa m'mapapo mwathu ndikuyambitsa matenda .
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti histoplasmosis si matenda omwe amatha kufalikira kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina. Izi zikutanthauza kuti simungatenge matendawa polankhula, kudya naye, kapena kukhala pafupi ndi munthu amene ali ndi kachilomboka. Choncho palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa.
Ndani amene ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa?
Ndipotu, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi bowa uwu samakhala ndi zizindikiro zilizonse. Munthu amene ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chathanzi amatha kulimbana ndi bowa uwu ndikuulamulira popanda vuto lililonse. Komabe, kwa anthu ena, makamaka magulu ena, matendawa angayambitse mavuto aakulu.
Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu ndi awa:
- Makanda aang'ono kwambiri ndi okalamba: Chifukwa anthu onsewa ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka.
- Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a m'mapapo osatha: Matendawa amatha kuipitsa thanzi la anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a m'mapapo monga mphumu ndi COPD .
- Anthu omwe adachepetsa chitetezo chawo chamthupi mwadala:Matenda ena amafunika chithandizo ndi mankhwala omwe amaletsa chitetezo cha mthupi. Mwachitsanzo, anthu omwe adaikidwapo chiwalo kapena omwe amatenga TNF blockers (monga infliximab (Remicade)).
- Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda omwe amafooketsa chitetezo chamthupi: Odwala khansa (makamaka omwe amalandira chithandizo cha chemotherapy), odwala Edzi, ndi omwe akumwa mankhwala monga ma steroids kwa nthawi yayitali ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
Kodi zizindikiro zake ndi ziti? Kodi tingazizindikire bwanji izi?
Monga tanenera kale, anthu ambiri sapeza zizindikiro. Komabe, ngati zizindikirozo zionekera, zimatha kuyamba pakati pa masiku atatu ndi 17 mutakumana ndi bowa (nthawi zambiri patatha masiku 10). Zizindikiro zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa matendawa. Tiyeni tiwone tebulo ili m'munsimu kuti timvetse bwino izi.
| Mtundu wa matendawa | Zizindikiro zazikulu | Mfundo zofunika |
|---|---|---|
| Matenda Ovuta a Kupuma (Acute Histoplasmosis) | Malungo, kupweteka kwa thupi, mutu, kupweteka pachifuwa, chifuwa chouma, kutopa. | Zili ngati chimfine. Kwa munthu wathanzi, nthawi zambiri zimatha popanda chithandizo. |
| Matenda a m'mapapo osatha (Chronic Histoplasmosis) | Chifuwa cha nthawi yayitali (nthawi zina chimakhala ndi phlegm), kuchepa thupi, kutentha thupi, kupweteka pachifuwa, komanso kupuma movutikira. | Izi zili ngati chifuwa chachikulu. Chimatha kwa miyezi ingapo, ngakhale zaka. Ngati sichichiritsidwa, vutoli limakula kwambiri. |
| Histoplasmosis Yofalikira Mopitirira Muyeso | Kufalikira kuchokera m'mapapo kupita ku ziwalo zina monga mapapo, ubongo, chiwindi, ndulu, ndi khungu. Malungo aakulu, kuchepa thupi, ndi zilonda pakhungu zimatha kuchitika. | Iyi ndi nthawi yovuta kwambiri komanso yoopsa kwambiri. Ngati singachiritsidwe, imatha kupha. Nthawi zambiri imapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka kwambiri. |
Kodi dokotala amapeza bwanji izi?
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro monga malungo ndi chifuwa ndipo mwatsuka malo akale komanso odzaza ndi fumbi, onetsetsani kuti mwadziwitsa dokotala wanu.
Dokotala adzakuyang'anirani, adzamvetsera mapapu anu, ndikuyitanitsa mayeso ena ngati akukayikira kuti ali ndi matendawa.
- X-ray pachifuwa: Kuyang'ana zizindikiro za matenda m'mapapo.
- Kuyezetsa magazi kapena mkodzo: Yang'anani ma antibodies kapena ma antigen okhudzana ndi bowa.
- Kuyesa kwa sputum kapena minofu: Chitsanzo cha sputum kapena, ngati kuli kofunikira, chidutswa chaching'ono cha minofu yotengedwa m'mapapo chimawunikidwa pansi pa maikulosikopu kuti zitsimikizire kukhalapo kwa bowa.
Kodi imachiritsidwa bwanji?
Njira yochizira imadalira mtundu ndi kuopsa kwa matenda anu.
- Matenda a Mild Acute Histoplasmosis: Matenda ofatsa mwa munthu wathanzi nthawi zambiri safuna chithandizo chapadera. Monga chimfine, amatha pakatha milungu ingapo mutapuma mokwanira komanso kumwa madzi okwanira .
- Matenda oopsa, osatha, kapena ofala: Matendawa amafunika chithandizo. Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani mankhwala opha mabakiteriya. Mankhwalawa amatha kutenga milungu ingapo mpaka miyezi ingapo. Ngati chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chili chofooka, mungafunike kumwa mankhwalawa pa mlingo wochepa kwa moyo wanu wonse. Musasiye kumwa mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani.
Kodi tingatani kuti tidziteteze ku matendawa?
Kuti mupewe matendawa, muyenera kupewa kupuma mphutsi za bowa. Zinthu izi zingathandize.
- Ngati mukuyeretsa malo omwe muli mileme kapena ndowe za mbalame (nyumba zakale, mapanga, zitseko za nkhuku), valani chigoba chabwino. Ngati n'kotheka, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito chigoba chomwe chili ndi mphamvu yosefera yambiri, monga N95 .
- Kuti muchepetse fumbi, thirani madzi pang'ono musanachotse dothi kapena zinyalala. Zikanyowa, zimachepetsa fumbi lomwe limatuluka mumlengalenga.
- Ngati muli m'gulu la anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo (omwe chitetezo chamthupi chawo chili chofooka), pewani kuchita izi momwe mungathere.
- Mukagwira ntchito pamalo ngati awa, sambani m'manja mwanu bwino ndi sopo.
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, makamaka ngati chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chikufooka,Fufuzani thandizo lachipatala mwachangu. Ngati mukuvutika kupuma kwambiri kapena kutentha thupi kwambiri, musazengereze kupita ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Padzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Histoplasmosis ndi matenda a m'mapapo omwe amayamba chifukwa cha bowa omwe amapezeka m'nthaka yokhala ndi ndowe za mbalame/mileme.
- Izi sizimafalikira kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina, choncho musaope kukhala pafupi ndi munthu amene ali ndi kachilomboka.
- Anthu ambiri athanzi samakhala ndi zizindikiro zilizonse ngakhale atakhala ndi bowa uwu.
- Anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka, ana aang'ono, okalamba, ndi omwe ali ndi matenda osatha a m'mapapo ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
- Ngati mukumva zizindikiro monga malungo, chifuwa, kapena kupweteka pachifuwa mutatsuka malo akale komanso a fumbi, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
- Pali mankhwala othandiza kwambiri pa milandu yoopsa, choncho ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo a dokotala molondola.
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