Kodi munayamba mwazindikirapo kuti winawake m'banja mwanu, mwina amayi kapena abambo anu, kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa, mwadzidzidzi amataya mphamvu zolamulira miyendo yawo? Mwina mwaonapo zinthu monga kugwedezeka pang'ono, nthawi zina kungopunthwa, zinthu kugwa pansi, kapena kuvutika kulamulira malingaliro monga mkwiyo ndi chisoni. Ngakhale zinthuzi zingawoneke ngati zazing'ono kunja, chifukwa chake nthawi zina chimakhala chachikulu. Lero tikambirana za matenda omwe amayambitsa zizindikiro zofanana, koma omwe anthu ambiri m'dziko lathu sanamvepo. Umenewo ndi matenda a Huntington.
Mwachidule, kodi matenda a Huntington ndi chiyani?
Matenda a Huntington ndi matenda a majini omwe amakhudza ubongo, makamaka maselo a mitsempha. Amakhudza ziwalo za ubongo zomwe zimalamulira kayendedwe ndi kukumbukira.
Taganizirani thupi lathu ngati kompyuta. Ubongo ndiye malo ake olamulira. Matendawa akayamba, mapulogalamu ena omwe ali mu malo olamulirawo amasokonekera. Kenako zinthu monga mayendedwe a thupi, malingaliro, ndi kuganiza zimayamba kusokonekera. Pakapita nthawi, zizindikirozi zimawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, osati kuchepa.
Kodi pali mitundu ina ya matendawa?
Inde, pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya matenda a Huntington.
1. Kuyamba kwa matenda akuluakulu: Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri. Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimayamba kuonekera munthu akakwanitsa zaka 30.
2. Matenda a Juvenile Huntington: Mtundu uwu ndi wosowa kwambiri. Umakhudza ana ndi achinyamata.
Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a Huntington ndi ziti?
Matendawa amakhudza thupi lathu komanso maganizo athu. Chifukwa chake, zizindikiro zake zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu. Tiyeni tiwone motere kuti zikhale zosavuta kuzimvetsa.
| Mtundu wa chizindikiro | Kufotokozera ndi zitsanzo |
|---|---|
| Zizindikiro Zakuthupi |
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| Kusintha kwa Maganizo ndi Khalidwe |
|
Poyamba, zizindikirozi sizingaonekere. Zingayambe ndi chinthu chosavuta monga kugwira cholembera kapena kupunthwa. Koma pakapita nthawi, zizindikirozi zimatha kuipiraipira pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuchita ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku nokha.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti zizindikirozi zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi munthu. Zimene munthu wina ali nazo sizingakhale zofanana ndi za munthu wina.
N’chifukwa chiyani matendawa amapezeka? Kodi chifukwa chake n’chiyani?
Chifukwa chachikulu cha matenda a Huntington ndi kusintha kwa majini. Mwachidule, kumachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini otchedwa `HTT` m'thupi lathu.
Jini ya `HTT` iyi imapanga puloteni yotchedwa `huntingtin`. Puloteni iyi imathandiza maselo amitsempha (ma neuron) muubongo wathu kuti agwire ntchito bwino.
Komabe, chifukwa munthu amene ali ndi matenda a Huntington ali ndi vuto mu jini ya `HTT`, puloteni ya `huntingtin` yomwe imapanga nayonso ndi yolakwika. M'malo mothandiza maselo a mitsempha, puloteni yolakwikayo imayamba kuwawononga. Maselo a ubongo akamwalira motere, zizindikiro zomwe zatchulidwazi zimawonekera.
Kodi iyi ndi matenda obadwa nawo?
Inde. Imeneyi ndi matenda obadwa nawo. Mu zamankhwala, timatcha izi kuti ndi njira yopezera cholowa ya "autosomal dominant". Izi zikutanthauza kuti:
Ngati amayi kapena abambo anu ali ndi matendawa, muli ndi mwayi wa 50% woti nawonso adwale matendawa.Inde. Ndipo chimodzimodzi ndi abale anu.
Nthawi zambiri, munthu amatha kudwala matendawa popanda wina aliyense m'banja mwake kukhala ndi matendawa chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini. Koma zimenezo zimachitika kawirikawiri.
Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji matendawa?
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, chinthu choyamba chomwe muyenera kuchita ndikuwonana ndi dokotala. Iye mwina angakutumizireni kwa katswiri wa mitsempha.
Mayeso angapo amachitidwa kuti adziwe matendawa.
- Kuwunika thupi ndi mitsempha: Dokotala adzayang'ana mosamala mayendedwe a thupi lanu, momwe thupi lanu limagwirira ntchito, komanso momwe thupi lanu limagwirira ntchito.
- Mbiri ya matenda a m'banja: Mudzafunsidwa ngati pali aliyense m'banja mwanu amene wakhalapo ndi matendawa. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri.
- Kuyeza majini: Iyi ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yotsimikizira matendawa. Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga chitsanzo cha magazi anu ndikuyesa DNA yake kuti aone ngati pali vuto la majini a HTT.
- Kujambula ubongo: Kujambula ubongo monga magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ndi computed tomography (CT) scans kungachitikenso kuti aone ngati pali kusintha kulikonse mu ubongo.
Kodi n'zotheka kudziwa ngati muli ndi vutoli musanayambe kuoneka zizindikiro?
Inde, mungathe. Ngati wina m'banja mwanu (amayi, abambo, abale) ali ndi matendawa, mayeso a majini angadziwe ngati inunso mwalandira jiniyo zizindikiro zisanawonekere . Izi zimatchedwa "kuyesa majini kolosera".
Koma ichi ndi chisankho chovuta kwambiri.
- Ubwino: Kudziwa kuti mungakhale ndi matendawa mtsogolo kungakuthandizeni pakukonzekera banja komanso kukonzekera ndalama.
- Zoyipa: Komanso, zingakhale zovuta kwambiri m'maganizo kudziwa kuti muli ndi matenda osachiritsika.
Choncho, musanachite mayeso otere, ndi bwino kulankhula ndi mlangizi wa majini ndikupanga chisankho mutamvetsetsa bwino zabwino ndi zoyipa zake.
Kodi pali mankhwala a izi?
Ichi ndi chinthu chomvetsa chisoni kwambiri kumva. Pakadali pano palibe mankhwala ochiritsira matenda a Huntington kwathunthu, kuletsa matendawa kuchitika, kapena kuletsa zizindikiro kuti zisakule kwambiri.
Koma musadandaule. Pali njira zambiri zochiritsira zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro ndikuthandiza wodwalayo kukhala bwino momwe angathere.
- Kuchiza thupi kapena ntchito: Mankhwalawa amathandiza kukonza bwino thupi, kulimbitsa minofu, komanso kupangitsa ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku kukhala zosavuta.
- Chithandizo cha kulankhula:Zimathandiza ndi mavuto olankhula ndi kumeza.
- Uphungu: Uphungu ndi wofunika kwambiri pothana ndi mavuto monga kupsinjika maganizo ndi kuvutika maganizo komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha matendawa.
- Mankhwala: Dokotala wanu angakupatseni mankhwala osiyanasiyana kuti muchepetse zizindikiro zanu. Mwachitsanzo:
- Mankhwala monga ``Tetrabenazine'' ndi ``Deutetrabenazine'' amagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kugwedezeka kwa thupi (chorea).
- Mankhwala monga mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo ndi mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo a matenda a maganizo.
Kodi matendawa amakula bwanji pakapita nthawi?
Matenda a Huntington ndi matenda opitirira omwe nthawi zambiri amapita patsogolo m'magawo atatu.
| Gawo la matendawa | Udindo |
|---|---|
| Gawo Loyambirira | Zizindikiro zake si zazikulu kwambiri. Pakhoza kukhala kunjenjemera pang'ono, kusintha kwa maganizo, komanso kusokonezeka. Mutha kuchita ntchito zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku monga mwachizolowezi. |
| Gawo Lapakati | Kusintha kwa thupi ndi maganizo kumawonjezeka. Zinthu monga kuyendetsa galimoto ndi kugwira ntchito zimakhala zovuta. Kuvuta kumeza kumawonjezeka. Kugwa pafupipafupi. Koma mutha kuchita ntchito zanu (kusamba, kuvala) nokha. |
| Gawo Lomaliza | Zimakhala zosatheka kuchita ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku wekha. Anthu ambiri amakhala pabedi. Amafunika thandizo kuchokera kwa wina pa chilichonse, kuyambira kudya mpaka kusamba. Amafunika chisamaliro cha maola 24. |
Kodi matendawa ndi oopsa?
Matenda a Huntington samayambitsa imfa mwachindunji. Komabe, mavuto a matendawa angayambitse imfa. Mwachitsanzo:
- Kuvuta kumeza kungayambitse kuti chakudya/chakumwa chizitseke mu mpweya wopuma , zomwe zimayambitsa matenda monga chibayo .
- Kuvulala kwakukulu komwe kumachitika chifukwa chogwa pafupipafupi .
Matendawa nthawi zambiri amakhala pakati pa zaka 10 ndi 30 kuchokera pamene apezeka ndi matendawa.Mukhoza kukhala ndi moyo. Nthawi iyi imasiyana malinga ndi munthu.
Kodi mungachite chiyani pamene muli ndi matendawa?
Ngakhale kuti matendawa sangapewedwe, pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zingathandize kuti munthu akhale ndi moyo wabwino pamene ali ndi matendawa.
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse: Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungakuthandizeni kukhala ndi thanzi labwino la thupi komanso la maganizo.
- Pezani zakudya zabwino: Kulimbitsa thupi kumatha kugwiritsa ntchito ma calories okwana 5,000 patsiku. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kufunsa katswiri wazakudya ndikudya zakudya zabwino.
- Imwani madzi ambiri: Kuvuta kumeza kungayambitse kutaya madzi m'thupi. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kumwa madzi okwanira tsiku lonse.
- Lowani nawo gulu lothandizira: Kulankhula ndi anthu ena omwe ali ndi matendawa ndi mabanja awo ndi gwero lalikulu la mphamvu zamaganizo.
- Konzani za tsogolo: Fufuzani pasadakhale chithandizo chomwe mungafune (ntchito zosamalira anthu kunyumba, malo osungira okalamba) ngati matenda anu akuipiraipira. Sankhani munthu amene mumamudalira kuti akusamalireni nkhani zanu zachuma ndi zamalamulo.
Ndi zachilendo kumva chisoni komanso kudabwa mukadziwa za matendawa. Koma simuli nokha. Madokotala, akatswiri azachipatala, alangizi, ndi banja lanu alipo kuti akuthandizeni.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a Huntington ndi matenda a majini omwe amafalikira m'mibadwo yambiri. Si matenda opatsirana.
- Izi zimawononga makamaka maselo a mitsempha muubongo, zomwe zimakhudza mayendedwe a thupi, malingaliro, ndi luso loganiza.
- Palibe mankhwala a matendawa, koma pali mankhwala omwe angathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro ndikukweza moyo.
- Ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi matendawa, inunso muli pachiwopsezo. Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kulikonse za matendawa, lankhulani ndi dokotala ndipo funsani upangiri wokhudza kuyezetsa majini.
- Ngakhale kuti kukhala ndi matendawa n’kovuta, ndi chithandizo choyenera chamankhwala, chithandizo chamankhwala, komanso thandizo la banja, mutha kukhala ndi moyo wabwino momwe mungathere.
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