Kodi nthawi zambiri mumamva kufooka ndipo mafupa anu amapweteka? Kapena dokotala wanu anayang'ana lipoti la magazi nati, "Kashiamu yanu yakwera pang'ono"? Mwina chifukwa cha izi ndi vuto lomwe sitilankhula kwambiri, koma ndi lofunika kwambiri. Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za vuto ili lotchedwa hyperparathyroidism m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.
Kodi hyperparathyroidism ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, hyperparathyroidism imachitika pamene gland imodzi kapena zingapo za parathyroid gland zimagwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso ndikupanga parathyroid hormone (PTH) yambiri. Izi zimapangitsa kuti calcium m'magazi anu ikwere. Timadzitcha kuti hypercalcemia .
Tangoganizirani, kumbuyo kwa chithokomiro m'khosi mwathu, pali tinthu tina tating'ono ting'onoting'ono tinayi tofanana ndi mpunga. Tinthuti timatchedwa kuti parathyroid glands. Monga mpira womwe umalamulira kuchuluka kwa madzi m'thanki yathu yamadzi kunyumba, ntchito yayikulu ya tinthuti ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa calcium ndi phosphate m'magazi mwathu pamlingo woyenera.
Umu ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito:
- Pamene calcium m'magazi itsika, tinthu timeneti timatulutsa hormone ya PTH.
- Homoni iyi ya PTH imatumiza chizindikiro ku mafupa athu kuti "atulutse calcium m'magazi."
- Imauzanso impso kuti "zichepetse kuchuluka kwa calcium yomwe imatuluka mumkodzo ndikuisunga m'thupi."
- Kenako, impso zimayamba kugwira ntchito ndi vitamini D ndikuitumiza m'matumbo athu . Kenako, matumbo amayamwa calcium yomwe ili mu chakudya chomwe timadya bwino.
Iyi ndi njira yolinganizika kwambiri. Komabe, mu hyperparathyroidism, hormone ya PTH imapangidwa mopitirira muyeso, zomwe zimapangitsa mafupa kutulutsa calcium mosalekeza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale owonda komanso ofooka. Kuphatikiza apo, calcium yowonjezera yomwe imasonkhana m'magazi imatha kusungidwa mu impso (zomwe zimatha kupanga miyala), mitsempha yamagazi, mtima, ndi ziwalo zina, zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto osiyanasiyana azaumoyo.
Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya vutoli ndi iti?
Hyperparathyroidism ingagawidwe m'magulu atatu akuluakulu, omwe amagawidwa malinga ndi momwe amachitikira.
| Mtundu | Mwachidule... |
|---|---|
| Hyperparathyroidism yoyamba | Vuto pankhaniyi ndi la parathyroid gland yokha. Chotupa (nthawi zambiri sichimakhala cha khansa) mu gland kapena kukula kwa gland kumapangitsa thupi kupanga hormone ya PTH ngakhale silikufunikira. |
| Hyperparathyroidism yachiwiri | Si vuto la tiziwalo timeneti apa. Matenda ena (nthawi zambiri Matenda Osatha a Impso) amachititsa kuti calcium m'thupi ichepe. Poyankha, tiziwalo timene timatulutsa parathyroid timayamba kugwira ntchito nthawi yayitali kuti tipeze kusowa kwa calcium m'thupi. |
| Hyperparathyroidism yapamwamba | Izi zimachitika ngati vuto lachiwirilo lakhala lisanachiritsidwe kwa nthawi yayitali. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timapitiriza kugwira ntchito molimbika kwambiri, kukula ndi kupanga mahomoni a PTH mosalamulirika. |
Kodi zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vutoli alibe zizindikiro zilizonse . Kuchuluka kwa calcium m'magazi nthawi zambiri kumapezeka mwangozi poyesa magazi pazifukwa zina. Komabe, anthu ena, makamaka akakhala ndi calcium yambiri, amatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro izi:
- Kupweteka kwa mafupa ndi mafupa
- Kufooka kwa minofu
- Kutopa kosalekeza komanso kutopa
- Kuvutika maganizo
- Kuvuta kuganizira chinthu chimodzi
- Chilakolako cha chakudya
- Kusanza ndi kusanza
- Kusokonezeka, kuiwala zinthu
- Kumva ludzu kwambiri ndipo kumafuna kukodza pafupipafupi
- Kudzimbidwa
Kumbukirani, zizindikiro izi n'zofala kwambiri. Si aliyense amene ali nazo amene ali ndi hyperparathyroidism. Koma ngati zizindikirozi zikupitirira, ndi bwino kupita kwa dokotala.
Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa izi?
Tiyeni tiwone zifukwa za mitundu itatu yomwe tidakambirana kale padera.
Zifukwa za Hyperparathyroidism Yoyamba
- Adenoma: Ichi ndi chotupa chosakhala khansa chomwe chimapangika mu parathyroid gland. Ichi ndiye chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha primary hyperparathyroidism.
- Hyperplasia: Apa ndi pamene chimodzi mwa ziwalo za parathyroid chimakula.
- Khansa:Khansa ya parathyroid glands ndi chifukwa chosowa kwambiri .
Zifukwa za Hyperparathyroidism Yachiwiri
Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi Matenda a Impso Osatha (CKD) . Impso zikalephera kugwira ntchito bwino, kuchuluka kwa phosphate m'thupi kumawonjezeka ndipo kuchuluka kwa vitamini D kumachepa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kuchuluka kwa calcium m'magazi kuchepe. Chifukwa chake, kuti athetse kusowa kwa calcium kumeneku, ma parathyroid glands amapanga hormone yambiri ya PTH.
Kuphatikiza apo, kusowa kwambiri kwa vitamini D (chifukwa chosakhala ndi dzuwa kapena kusowa zakudya m'thupi) kungayambitsenso izi.
Kodi mungazindikire bwanji vutoli?
Dokotala wanu adzamvetsera zizindikiro zanu, adzakuyesani, ndikukutumizani kuti mukayesedwe zinazake ngati akukayikira vutoli.
| Mayeso | Mukuyang'ana chiyani? |
|---|---|
| Mayeso a Magazi | Kuchuluka kwa calcium m'magazi, mahomoni a PTH, vitamini D, phosphate, ndi ntchito ya impso (Creatinine) kumayesedwa. |
| Kuyesa Mkodzo kwa Maola 24 | Kuchuluka kwa calcium mu mkodzo komwe kwasonkhanitsidwa mkati mwa maola 24 kumayesedwa. |
| Kujambula kwa Parathyroid | Izi zingathandize kudziwa kuti ndi chiwalo chiti chomwe chikugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri musanachite opaleshoni. |
| Kujambula kwa Ultrasound | Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza momwe glands ndi impso zilili pakhosi. |
| Kusanthula Kuchuluka kwa Mafupa | Kuyezetsa kumeneku kumachitika kuti aone ngati mafupa ataya calcium ndipo ayamba kuonda (Osteoporosis). |
Kodi imachiritsidwa bwanji?
Njira zochiritsira zimadalira ngati muli ndi mtundu woyamba kapena wachiwiri komanso kuopsa kwa matendawa.
Chithandizo cha hyperparathyroidism yoyamba
Njira yabwino komanso yokhazikika yothetsera vutoli ndikuchita opaleshoni (parathyroidectomy) kuti muchotse gland kapena glands zomwe zimagwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni iyi, anthu opitilira 90% amabwerera ku mulingo wabwinobwino wa calcium m'magazi.
Ngati muli ndi zaka zosakwana 50, muli ndi zizindikiro, muli ndi calcium yambiri, muli ndi miyala ya impso, kapena muli ndi mafupa owonda, dokotala wanu adzakulangizani opaleshoni.
Ngati si matenda aakulu ndipo safuna opaleshoni, dokotala wanu adzayang'anira vuto lanu nthawi zonse. Akhozanso:
- Ma Bisphosphonates: Mankhwalawa amaletsa kutulutsidwa kwa calcium m'mafupa ndikuwalimbitsa.
- Calcimimetics: Mankhwalawa "amanyenga" ma glands a parathyroid kuti achepetse kupanga kwa hormone ya PTH.
- Kusintha kwa moyo: Mungalangizidwe kusiya kumwa mankhwala ena (monga thiazide diuretics, lithium) ndikusintha zakudya.
Chithandizo cha hyperparathyroidism yachiwiri
Chofunika apa ndi kuchiza chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli , monga kuwongolera matenda a impso ndi kuchiza kusowa kwa vitamini D.
- Munthu amene ali ndi matenda a impso angafunike dialysis kapena kuikidwa impso.
- Mankhwala monga ma phosphate binders amaperekedwa kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa phosphate m'magazi.
- Vitamini D ndi mankhwala a calcimetic amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa izi.
Ngati mankhwala amenewa sangathe kulamulira vutoli, opaleshoni ingafunike.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti, musamangomwa mapiritsi a vitamini D kapena calcium nokha. Nthawi zonse funsani dokotala wanu ndipo mugwiritse ntchito monga mwalangizidwira. Nthawi zina izi zingapangitse zinthu kukhala zovuta kwambiri.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Hyperparathyroidism ndi vuto lomwe calcium m'magazi imawonjezeka chifukwa cha kupanga kwambiri kwa PTH ndi ma thyroid glands.
- Nthawi zambiri, palibe zizindikiro zenizeni. Mutha kukhala ndi zizindikiro monga kutopa ndi kupweteka kwa mafupa.
- Mtundu woyamba umayamba chifukwa cha vuto mu gland yokha, pomwe chifukwa chachikulu cha mtundu wachiwiri ndi matenda a impso osatha.
- Matendawa amapezeka kudzera m'magazi, mkodzo, ndi ma scan.
- Chithandizo chabwino kwambiri cha mtundu woyamba ndi kuchotsa gland yomwe yakhudzidwa ndi opaleshoni.
- Nthawi zonse funsani dokotala musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala kapena vitamini.
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