Tiyeni tiphunzire za mtundu wofala kwambiri wa khansa ya m'mawere: Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC)?

Kodi mukudziwa kuti khansa ya m'mawere ndi yofala kwambiri pakati pa akazi? Pakati pawo, pali mtundu womwe ndi wofala kwambiri, womwe umakhudza akazi pafupifupi asanu ndi atatu mwa akazi khumi omwe amadwala khansa ya m'mawere. Ndicho chimene tikambirane lero. Madokotala amatcha khansa ya m'mawere yowononga ductal, kapena IDC mwachidule. Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa khansa ya m'mawere womwe ungachitike osati mwa akazi okha, komanso mwa amuna. Koma lero tikambirana zambiri za momwe vutoli limakhudzira akazi.

Ndiye kodi khansa ya m'mapapo yotchedwa invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, mtundu uwu wa khansa, wotchedwa IDC, umayamba m'maselo omwe ali mkati mwa ducts za mkaka m'mabere anu. Uli ngati chomera chaching'ono chomwe chikumera. Mawu oti "invasive" amatanthauza "wankhanza." Izi zikutanthauza kuti maselo a khansa awa sali mkati mwa ducts za mkaka zokha, komanso akuyamba kufalikira kuchokera mwa iwo ndi kupita ku minofu yozungulira bere. Taganizirani ngati mizu yaying'ono yomwe ikuzungulira. Kuchokera pamenepo, amatha kufalikira kwambiri , m'magazi kapena m'thupi , komanso ngakhale kumadera akutali a thupi.

Madokotala nthawi zina amatcha ``Ductal Carcinoma'' kapena ``Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma''. Kaya dzina lake ndi liti, vutoli ndi lomwelo. Gawo labwino kwambiri ndilakuti, ngati khansa iyi ipezeka isanafalikire ku ziwalo zina za thupi, nthawi zambiri imatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu . Ndicho chifukwa chake nthawi zonse timalankhula za kuyezetsa mabere.

Kodi pali mitundu ya IDC?

Inde, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma IDC. Izi zimagawidwa malinga ndi momwe maselo a khansa alili. Ma receptor ndi mamolekyu a mapuloteni omwe amapezeka mkati kapena pamwamba pa maselo. Izi zimatha kugwira zinthu zina m'magazi, monga mahomoni monga estrogen ndi progesterone . Ma hormone awa amathandiza maselo ena a khansa kukula. Chifukwa chake, podziwa ngati khansa ili ndi ma hormone receptors awa kapena ayi, madokotala amatha kusankha chithandizo chomwe chili chothandiza kwambiri.

Mitundu ikuluikulu ya IDC yomwe imawoneka ndi iyi:

• Khansa ya m'mawere yokhala ndi katatu : Mtundu uwu ulibe ma estrogen kapena ma progesterone receptors, komanso ulibe HER2 protein.
• Khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2 (HER2+) : Maselo a khansa awa amapanga puloteni yambiri yotchedwa HER2.
• Khansa ya m'mawere ya ER-positive (ER+) : Izi zimakhudzidwa ndi mahomoni otchedwa estrogen.
• Khansa ya m'mawere yokhala ndi PR (PR+) : Izi zimakhudzidwa ndi mahomoni otchedwa progesterone.

Kodi zizindikiro za IDC ndi ziti? Kodi timazizindikira bwanji?

Kawirikawiri, musanayambe zizindikiro zilizonse,IDC imatha kuzindikirika ndi mammogram panthawi yoyenera. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mayesowa ndi ofunikira. Komabe, nthawi zina zizindikiro zimatha kuwoneka. Ngati izi zitachitika, dziwani izi:

• Kusintha kwa kukula, mawonekedwe, kapena mawonekedwe a bere .
• Kumva chotupa kapena kukula m'mawere kapena m'khwapa . Ichi chingakhale chaching'ono ngati nandolo. Chotupachi sichingakhalepo nthawi yonse ya msambo wanu wa mwezi uliwonse.
• Kusintha kwa mawonekedwe kapena kapangidwe ka khungu la bere kapena bere. Khungu likhoza kuoneka lozama, lokwinya, lokhala ndi makwinya, kapena lofiira komanso lotupa.
• Kumva malo olimba pansi pa khungu, ngati marble .
• Madzi otuluka m'mimba mwa bere kapena magazi oyera .

Ngati mukuona chinthu chonga ichi, chinthu chabwino kuchita ndi kusachita mantha ndikupita kwa dokotala .

Nchifukwa chiyani IDC iyi imachitika? Kodi zifukwa zake ndi ziti?

Akatswiri sakudziwabe chomwe chimayambitsa izi. Komabe, amakhulupirira kuti zizolowezi ndi zochitika zina zitha kuwonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi IDC. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili:

• Kusuta fodya.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mowa.
• Kunenepa kwambiri.
• Popeza adalandira kale chithandizo cha radiation kudera la pachifuwa .
• Kuyamba kwa msambo msanga kapena mochedwa kuposa masiku onse.
• Kukhala ndi ana mochedwa.

Kuphatikiza apo, kusintha kwina kwa majini komwe kumabadwa nako kungapangitse kuti pakhale chiopsezo chotenga matenda a IDC. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, majini ena osazolowereka omwe mumalandira kuchokera kwa makolo anu.

Kodi vutoli lingayambitse mavuto ena?

Inde, khansa ya IDC imatha kufalikira (kufalikira kwa maselo) ku ziwalo zina za thupi . Imatha kufalikira makamaka ku ziwalo monga chiwindi , mapapo , mafupa, ndi ubongo . Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuzindikira msanga ndi kulandira chithandizo ndikofunikira.

Kodi madokotala amazindikira bwanji IDC?

Choyamba, dokotala adzakuyesani thupi . Adzayang'anani ngati muli ndi zotupa m'mabere mwanu komanso ngati muli ndi ma lymph nodes otupa m'khwapa mwanu. Kenako, angafune kuti muyesedwenso kangapo. Mwachitsanzo:

• Kuyesa kwa MRI ya m'mawere.
• Kuwunika kwa ultrasound ya m'mawere.
• Kufufuza za khansa ya m'mawere. Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga chidutswa cha minofu kuchokera pamalo okayikitsa ndikuchiyang'ana pansi pa maikulosikopu. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira ngati ndi khansa kapena ayi.

Kutengera zotsatira za mayeso awa, dokotala wa khansaNdipo gulu lake lidzapanga dongosolo loyenera kwambiri la chithandizo kwa inu. Iwo adzazindikira gawo la khansa ndi giredi yake .

Kodi "Masitepe" a IDC ndi ati?

Gawo la khansa limatsimikiziridwa ndi zinthu monga malo ndi kukula kwa chotupacho. Pali magawo asanu akuluakulu a IDC:

• Gawo 0: Khansa imapezeka m'mitsempha ya mkaka yokha. Izi zimatchedwanso noninvasive ductal carcinoma in situ . Izi zikutanthauza kuti siinayambe kufalikira.
• Gawo Loyamba (1): Khansa yafalikira kupitirira njira zotulutsira mkaka kupita ku minofu ya m'mawere, koma sinafalikire ku ma lymph nodes. Nthawi zina, khansa ikhoza kukhala m'ma lymph nodes koma osati m'minofu yozungulira mawere.
• Gawo Lachiwiri (2): Muli ndi chotupa chaching'ono chomwe chafalikira mpaka kufika pa node imodzi kapena zitatu za lymph. Kapena, muli ndi chotupa chachikulu chomwe sichinafalikire mpaka ku node za lymph.
• Gawo Lachitatu (3): Khansa yafalikira ku ma lymph nodes opitilira atatu. Khansa yomwe imayambitsa kutupa kwa khungu la m'mawere imagweranso pagawoli.
• Gawo Lachinayi (4): Khansa ya IDC yafalikira ku ziwalo zina, monga chiwindi, mapapo, ubongo, kapena khoma la pachifuwa. Ikhozanso kufalikira ku mafupa kapena ma lymph nodes m'madera akutali a thupi. Izi zimatchedwa metastatic .

Kodi "magiredi" mu IDC ndi chiyani?

Kuchuluka kwa maselo a khansa kumatsimikiziridwa ndi momwe alili ofanana kapena osiyana ndi maselo abwinobwino akamawonedwa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu. Kuchuluka kumeneku kumachitika ndi akatswiri azachipatala . Amafufuza magawo atatu a selo ndikupatsa gawo lililonse giredi. Nthawi zina, mawu oti "osiyana bwino," "osiyana pang'ono," kapena "osiyana pang'ono" amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa nambala. Magiredi atatu akuluakulu ndi awa:

• Giredi 1 (yosiyana bwino): Maselo a khansa amakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo amafanana kwambiri ndi maselo a m'mawere wamba.
• Giredi 2 (yosiyana pang'ono): Maselo amakula mofulumira kuposa giredi 1 ndipo amafanana ndi maselo a khansa kuposa maselo wamba.
• Giredi 3 (yosiyana pang'ono): Maselowa ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi maselo abwinobwino ndipo nthawi zambiri amakula ndikufalikira mwachangu kuposa giredi 1 ndi 2.

Kodi mankhwala a IDC ndi otani?

Njira zochiritsira zimasiyana malinga ndi vuto lanu, gawo la khansa, komanso zomwe mumakonda. Mankhwala a IDC angaphatikizepo:

• Opaleshoni ya khansa ya m'mawere: Ngati opaleshoni yachitika, ikhoza kukhala kuchotsa chotupa (kuchotsa chotupa chokha) kapena kuchotsa mastectomy (kuchotsa bere lonse) . Kukonzanso bere kungachitike pambuyo pa opaleshoni.Mungathe kuchita zimenezo.
• Mankhwala Oletsa Khansa: Mankhwala Oletsa Khansa angaperekedwe musanachite opaleshoni kuti achepetse chotupacho kapena kupha maselo ena onse a khansa pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Ngati khansa yafalikira (Gawo Lachinayi - kufalikira kwa maselo), iyi ingakhale njira yaikulu yochizira.
• Chithandizo cha radiation: Chithandizochi chingaperekedwe pambuyo pa opaleshoni kuti chiphe maselo otsala a khansa. Ichi ndi njira inanso ngati opaleshoniyo siingatheke chifukwa cha kukula kapena malo a chotupacho.
• Chithandizo cholunjika: Chithandizo cha khansa ichi chimayang'ana kusintha kwa majini komwe kumasintha maselo athanzi kukhala maselo a khansa.
• Chithandizo cha mahomoni: Maselo a khansa amafunika mahomoni kuti akule ndi kuchulukana. Chithandizo cha mahomoni chimagwira ntchito poletsa mwayi wopezeka.
• Chithandizo cha Immunotherapy: Izi zimathandiza chitetezo cha mthupi lanu kupeza ndikuwononga maselo a khansa.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti gulu lanu lachipatala lidzasankhe chithandizo chabwino kwambiri kwa inu, choncho khalani omasuka komanso oona mtima kwa iwo pa chilichonse.

Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse za mankhwalawa?

Inde, monga mankhwala ena onse, pali zotsatirapo zina zomwe zingachitike. Ngati muchitidwa opaleshoni, ndi bwino kukhala ndi ululu mukatha opaleshoni. Madokotala angaphatikizepo mankhwala ena ndi opaleshoni. Zotsatirapo zoyipa za chemotherapy ndi radiation therapy ndi monga kutopa , nseru ndi kusanza .

Mankhwala ochiritsira matenda ndi chitetezo chamthupi zingayambitsenso mavuto a m'mimba, monga kudzimbidwa ndi kutsegula m'mimba. Zotsatirapo zoyipa za mankhwala a mahomoni zimatha kuphatikizapo kutentha thupi , kupweteka kwa mafupa, komanso kuchepa kwa chilakolako chogonana .

Aliyense amayankha mosiyana ndi chithandizo. Ngati mukulandira chithandizo, funsani dokotala wanu momwe chingakukhudzireni inu ndi moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku. Komanso, funsani za chisamaliro chochepetsa ululu . Chisamaliro chochepetsa ululu chimakuthandizani kuthana ndi zizindikiro za khansa ya m'mawere ndi zotsatirapo zake, zomwe zimakuthandizani kukhala omasuka momwe mungathere.

Kodi IDC ingapewedwe?

Ngakhale kuti sizingatheke kupeweratu, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi IDC:

• Pezani ma mammogram pa nthawi yake. Ngati ndinu mkazi ndipo muli ndi mbiri ya khansa ya m'mawere m'banja mwanu, funsani dokotala wanu ngati muyenera kuyamba kulandira mammogram msanga kuposa ena.
• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi zomwe zimakuthandizani kukhala ndi thupi labwino lomwe likuyenererani.
• Pewani kusuta fodya.
• Chepetsani kumwa mowa mpaka chakumwa chimodzi patsiku., kapena kusiya kwathunthu.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.
• Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mayeso omwe angakuthandizeni kudziwa ngati muli ndi kusintha kwa majini komwe kumawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chotenga khansa ya m'mawere.

Kodi mungakhale ndi khansa ya m'mawere kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Chiŵerengero cha anthu omwe ali ndi khansa yamtunduwu ndi chiwerengero cha anthu omwe adakumana ndi matendawa. Mabungwe monga National Cancer Institute amasonkhanitsa deta iyi kutengera kufalikira kwa IDC (kwanuko, m'chigawo, kutali).

Komabe, poganizira ziwerengerozi, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti izi ndi ziwerengero chabe zochokera ku zomwe anthu ena akumana nazo. Khansa imakhudza aliyense mosiyana. Ngati muli ndi mafunso enieni okhudza izi, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Iye amadziwa bwino vuto lanu, kuti akupatseni chidziwitso chabwino kwambiri.

Ngati ndili ndi IDC, ndingadzisamalire bwanji?

Kukhala ndi IDC sikophweka. Masiku ena, zimatha kumveka ngati katundu wolemetsa. Ganizirani malangizo awa kuti akuthandizeni kudzisamalira nokha pamene mukudwala matenda ndi chithandizo:

• Pumulani mokwanira. IDC ndi chithandizo zingakupangitseni kumva kutopa kwambiri. Kumbukirani kupuma osati nthawi yokhayo, komanso nthawi yomwe mukufunikira kutero.
• Idyani bwino. Chithandizo chingathandize kuchepetsa chilakolako chanu. Zakudya zokhala ndi zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, mapuloteni opanda mafuta ambiri, ndi tirigu wathanzi zidzakuthandizani kukhala olimba panthawi ya chithandizo.
• Sinthani kupsinjika kwanu. Khansa ndi vuto lalikulu. Zinthu monga kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi monga kuyenda nthawi zonse kupita ku mapulogalamu apadera olimbitsa thupi zingathandize.
• Pezani chithandizo. Mwakhala mukudwala khansa ya m'mawere kuyambira tsiku lomwe mudapezeka ndi matendawa. Funsani dokotala wanu za mapulogalamu othana ndi khansa omwe angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi mavuto okhala ndi IDC.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zosonyeza kuti IDC yafalikira kuchokera m'mitsempha ya mkaka kupita ku minofu ya m'mawere, pafupi ndi ma lymph nodes, kapena ziwalo zina za thupi, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Zizindikiro za IDC yofalikira zitha kuphatikizapo:

• Ziphuphu zatsopano m'bere.
• Ma lymph nodes otupa m'khwapa.
• Kupweteka pachifuwa.
• Kuvuta kupuma (kupuma movutikira).
• Kupweteka kwa mafupa.
• Kupweteka m'mimba.
• Chisokonezo.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita ku Chipinda Chothandizira Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) liti?

Ngati mukulandira chithandizo ndipo muli ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri kuposa momwe mukuganizira, pitani kuchipatala chadzidzidzi. Komanso, muyeneraNgati muli ndi kuzizira, kapena kutentha thupi kwa madigiri 100.4 Fahrenheit (38 Celsius) kapena kupitirira apo , kungakhale chizindikiro cha matenda ndipo muyenera kupita kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Kufunsa mafunso kuti mumvetse vuto lanu ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zabwino kwambiri zomwe mungachite kuti musamalire thanzi lanu. Kumbukirani mafunso awa mukamafunsa za IDC:

• Kodi chotupa chili kuti?
• Kodi chotupacho ndi chachikulu bwanji?
• Kodi vuto la mahomoni a chotupacho ndi lotani?
• Kodi ndi njira ziti zochiritsira zomwe ndili nazo?
• Kodi chithandizo chidzakhudza bwanji moyo wanga watsiku ndi tsiku?
• Kodi ziwerengero za kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe akupulumuka ndi ziti?

Kodi khansa ya m'mawere yoopsa kwambiri ndi iti?

Mtundu woopsa kwambiri wa khansa ya m'mawere ndi khansa ya m'mawere yomwe imafalikira m'thupi lonse , zomwe zikutanthauza kuti khansayo yafalikira kuchokera ku minofu ya m'mawere kupita ku ziwalo zakutali za thupi.

Kodi khansa ya ductal yowononga katatu ndi chiyani?

Pafupifupi 15% ya khansa yonse ya m'mawere imakhala ndi triple-negative. Pazochitikazi, maselo a khansa alibe estrogen kapena progesterone receptors. Sapanganso puloteni yambiri yotchedwa HER2. Triple-negative invasive ductal carcinoma imakula ndikufalikira mwachangu kuposa mitundu ina ya khansa ya m'mawere. Chithandizo chachikulu cha khansa ya m'mawere yamtunduwu ndi chemotherapy. Odwala ena amalandiranso chemotherapy pamodzi ndi immunotherapy.

Pomaliza, zomwe muyenera kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Ngati mutapeza khansa ya m'mawere, pali mwayi wa 8 mwa 10 kuti idzakhala invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) . Izi zimayambira mu membrane wa ducts za mkaka m'mawere. Koma nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti chifukwa cha kuyezetsa khansa ya m'mawere, akazi oposa theka amapezeka ndi IDC isanafalikire. Chifukwa cha kuzindikirika msanga, madokotala nthawi zambiri amatha kuchiritsa IDC yomwe sinafalikire. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuyezetsa khansa ya m'mawere n'kofunika kwambiri.

Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa zokhudzana ndi matenda a IDC, lankhulani ndi dokotala. Adzawunika momwe zinthu zilili ndikukupatsani malangizo otsatira omwe ali oyenera kwa inu. Musanyalanyaze zizindikirozo. Kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu kungapulumutse moyo wanu.

IDC , khansa ya m'mawere, khansa ya m'mapapo yolowa m'magazi, zizindikiro za khansa ya m'mawere, chithandizo cha khansa, mammogram, thanzi la amayi